Abstract We previously identified three Avr9/Cf-9 Rapidly Elicited (ACRE) genes essential for Cf-9– and Cf-4–dependent hypersensitive response (HR) production in Nicotiana benthamiana. Two of them encode putative E3 ubiquitin ligase components. This led us to investigate other ACRE associated with the ubiquitination pathway. ACRE74 encodes a U-box homolog, highly related parsley (Petroselinum crispum) CMPG1 Arabidopsis thaliana PLANT U-BOX20 (PUB20) PUB21 proteins, was called Nt CMPG1....

The coexistence of sexual and asexual reproductive cycles within the same individual is a striking phenomenon in numerous fungi. In fungus Aspergillus nidulans (teleomorph: Emericella nidulans) endogenous oxylipins, called psi factor, serve as hormone-like signals that modulate timing balance between spore development. Here, we report identification A. ppoA, encoding putative fatty acid dioxygenase, involved biosynthesis linoleic derived oxylipin psiBα. PpoA required for balancing anamorph...

Oxylipins called psi factors have been shown to alter the ratio of asexual sexual sporulation in filamentous fungus Aspergillus nidulans. Analysis A. nidulans genome has led identification three fatty acid oxygenases (PpoA, PpoB and PpoC) predicted produce factors. Here, it is reported that deletion ppoB (DeltappoB) reduced production oleic-acid-derived oxylipin psiBbeta increased spore development. Generation triple mutant Delta ppoA ppoC resulted a strain deficient producing oleic-...

Abstract Virus-induced gene silencing identified the Avr9/Cf-9 RAPIDLY ELICITED ACRE189 as essential for Cf-9– and Cf-4–mediated hypersensitive response (HR) in Nicotiana benthamiana. We report a role disease resistance tomato (Solanum lycopersicum) tobacco (Nicotiana tabacum). (herein renamed Avr9/Cf-9–INDUCED F-BOX1 [ACIF1]) encodes an F-box protein with Leu-rich-repeat domain. ACIF1 is widely conserved closely related to proteins regulating plant hormone signaling. Silencing of suppressed...

The peach (Prunus persica L.) is one of the most important stone-fruit crops worldwide. Nevertheless, successful fruit production seriously reduced by losses due to Monilinia fructicola causal agent brown rot. Chitosan has a broad spectrum antimicrobial properties and may also act as an elicitor that activate defense responses in plants. As little known about elicitation potential chitosan fruits its impact at their transcriptional-level profiles, aim this study was uncover using RNA-seq...

Summary Secreted, hormone‐like lipogenic molecules, called oxylipins, mediate the balance of asexual to sexual spore ratio in Aspergillus nidulans . Oxylipin production this fungus is dependent on developmental regulation three conserved fatty acid oxygenases, PpoA, PpoB and PpoC. Here, we show that addition altering ratios, loss ppo genes affect natural product biosynthesis seed colonization. ΔppoA;ΔppoC ΔppoA;ΔppoB;ΔppoC mutants were unable produce mycotoxin sterigmatocystin (ST) vitro or...

ABSTRACT The ability of fungi to produce both meiospores and mitospores has provided adaptive advantages in survival dispersal these organisms. Here we provide evidence an endogenous mechanism that balances meiospore mitospore production the model filamentous fungus Aspergillus nidulans . We have discovered a putative dioxygenase, PpoC, functions association with previously characterized PpoA, integrate fatty acid derived oxylipin spore production. In contrast deletion ppoC significantly...

Oxylipins comprise a family of oxygenated fatty acid-derived signaling molecules that initiate critical biological activities in animals, plants, and fungi. Mammalian oxylipins, including the prostaglandins (PGs), mediate many immune inflammation responses animals. PG production by pathogenic microbes is theorized to play role pathogenesis. We have genetically characterized three Aspergillus genes, ppoA, ppoB, ppoC, encoding acid oxygenases similar sequence specific mammalian prostaglandin...

Fungi that belong to the genera Aspergillus , Fusarium and Penicillium pose serious phytopathological mycotoxicological risks at pre-harvest post-harvest stages, as well in processed food products because they can produce several mycotoxins. Mycotoxins a problem for animal human health have significant economic impact worldwide. The Mediterranean basin is large geographical region with temperate climate supporting cultivation of wealth field greenhouse crops high risk mycotoxin...

Summary In Aspergilli, mycotoxin production and sporulation are governed, in part, by endogenous oxylipins (oxygenated, polyunsaturated fatty acids metabolites derived therefrom). Aspergillus nidulans , synthesized the dioxygenase enzymes PpoA, PpoB PpoC. Structurally similar seeds via action of lipoxygenase (LOX) enzymes. Previous reports have shown that exogenous application seed to cultures alters production. Herein, we explored whether a plant oxylipin biosynthetic gene ( ZmLOX3 ) could...

Olive anthracnose is the most important fungal disease of olive fruit worldwide, with fungus Colletotrichum acutatum as main cause in Greece. A total 11 commercial biological plant protection products (bioPPPs) (Amylo-X®, Botector®, FytoSave®, LBG 01F34®, Mevalone®, Polyversum®, Remedier®, Serenade® ASO, Sonata®, Trianum-P®, Vacciplant®), various modes action against C. acutatum, were evaluated by bioassays using detached fruits two Greek varieties, cv. Koroneiki and Kalamon. Subsequently,...

Concomitant presence of mycotoxins is more likely to appear than a single mycotoxicosis since many mycotoxigenic fungi grow and produce their toxic metabolites under similar conditions. The present study was designed evaluate the efficacy 4 mycotoxin binders protect meat-type chickens against concomitant administration in feed two mycotoxins, namely aflatoxin B1 (AFB1) ochratoxin A (OTA) both at concentration 0.1 mg/kg. total 440 as hatched, d-old, Ross 308 broilers were reared for 42 d....

In recent years, very many incidences of contamination with aflatoxin B1 (AFB1) in pistachio nuts have been reported as a major global problem for the crop. Europe, legislation is force and 12 μg/kg AFB1 maximum limit set pistachios to be subjected physical treatment before human consumption. The goal current study was develop mechanistic, weather-driven model predict Aspergillus flavus growth on daily basis from nut setting until harvest. planned steps were to: (i) build phenology stages,...

Pear brown rot and blossom blight caused by Monilinia laxa seriously affect pear production worldwide. Here, we compared the transcriptomic profiles of petals after inoculation with M. using two cultivars different levels sensitivity to disease (Sissy, a relatively tolerant cultivar, Kristalli, highly susceptible cultivar). Physiological indexes were also monitored in both at 2 h 48 infection (2 HAI HAI). RNA-seq data weighted gene co-expression network analysis (WGCNA) allowed...

The dimorphic fungus Taphrina deformans is the causal agent of peach leaf curl disease, which affects leaves, flowers, and fruits. An RNA-seq approach was employed to gain insights into transcriptional reprogramming a cultivar during inoculation with yeast phase across compatible interaction. results uncovered modulations specific differentially expressed genes (DEGs) in peaches pathways related either induction host defense responses or pathogen colonization disease spread. Expression...

Brown rot disease caused by Monilinia fructicola is one of the most important peach fruit threats in world. The use biological control agents (BCAs), instead synthetic fungicides, to successfully inhibit postharvest development a challenge sustainable and efficient crop management. commercially available BCA Bacillus amyloliquefaciens QST 713 (formerly subtilis QST713) able variety fungal pathogens suppress several plant diseases. Our results showed that this inhibited mycelial growth vitro,...

Oxylipins recently have been implicated as signaling molecules for cross-kingdom communication in plant-pathogen interactions. Linoleic acid and its two plant lipoxygenase (LOX) oxylipin products 9- 13-hydroperoxy fatty acids (9S- 13S-HPODE) shown to a significant effect on differentiation processes the mycotoxigenic seed pathogens Aspergillus spp. Whereas both promote sporulation, 9S-HPODE stimulates 13S-HPODE inhibits mycotoxin production. Additionally, flavus infection of promotes...