Aerosol optical properties (aerosol thickness, Ångström exponent, size distribution, and single scattering albedo) over east Asia were examined using long‐term measurements of sky radiation at Mandalgovi, Dunhuang, Yinchuan, Sri‐Samrong sites the Skyradiometer Network (SKYNET). Also included Anmyon, Gosan in Korea, Amami‐Oshima Japan during April for examining Asian dust. Results show that seasonal average aerosol thickness (AOT) generally exhibits a maximum spring minimum autumn Asia. At...

The optimal regional technique for analgesia and improved quality of recovery after video-assisted thoracic surgery (a procedure associated with considerable postoperative pain) has not been established. main objective in this study was to compare patients undergoing serratus plane block (SPB) either ropivacaine or normal saline on the first day. Secondary outcomes were analgesic outcomes, including pain intensity opioid consumption.Ninety randomized receive ultrasound-guided SPB 0.4 mL/kg...

This study compared the effects of pericapsular nerve group (PENG) block and supra-inguinal fascia iliaca compartment (FICB) on postoperative analgesia quadriceps strength following total hip arthroplasty under general anesthesia. A 58 patients were randomized to receive either PENG (PENG group) or FICB (FICB anesthetic induction. The primary outcomes pain scores. Patients Pain scores at rest with movement assessed preoperatively, postanesthesia care unit (only rest), 6, 24, 36, 48 h...

The pericapsular nerve group (PENG) block was recently suggested as a regional technique for managing acute pain after hip surgery. However, few anatomical studies have confirmed the spread of injectate during PENG block. This cadaver study aimed to analyze target nerves single-injection ultrasound-guided block.Ultrasound-guided with 3 different volumes (10, 20, or 30 mL) performed in 18 cadavers. Injectate by volume first evaluated on computed tomography, followed dissection. dye over...

We developed a method of retrieving aerosol optical properties and their associated radiative forcing from simultaneously measured sky radiation surface solar flux data. The is then applied to data sets collected at Mandalgovi, Dunhuang, Yinchuan, Sri‐Samrong sites the Skyradiometer Network (SKYNET), Anmyon, Gosan, Amami‐Oshima, examine characteristics east Asia. From analysis for SKYNET it was found that aerosols in Asia have smaller single scattering albedos (i.e., 0.89 Asian dusts 0.9...

The fracture‐toughness‐determining mechanism of silicon carbide with additions yttria and alumina was studied. Observations indentation crack profiles revealed that significant deflection had occurred. Median angles increased volume fractions the second phases, which accompanied by fracture toughness.

PURPOSE Patient-controlled analgesia (PCA) has been considered for managing cancer pain; however, limited research conducted on optimizing continuous infusion rates with PCA. This study aimed to evaluate the efficacy and safety of a method that optimizes background (BI) alongside PCA titrating intravenous (IV) morphine in cancer-related pain. METHODS Forty-four patients solid tumors who could not manage pain oral or transdermal opioid analgesics were randomly assigned 1:1 ratio receive IV...

980 nm VCSEL illumination eliminates the organic additives and densifies laminated multilayered SOFC NiO–YSZ|NiO–ScCeSZ|ScCeSZ|GDC|GDC scaffold in just 2.42 h compared to >100 needed for conventional thermal sintering process.

Background.Apoptosis, which is involved in the process of mesangial cell and podocyte loss diabetic nephropathy, known to be regulated by protein kinase B/Akt (Akt). A number studies have therefore investigated activity Akt under conditions, but results not been consistent. In this study, we hypothesized that apoptosis may occur differentially activated according glomerular size kidney disease.

Acupuncture has a positive effect on cognitive deficits. However, the effects of laser acupuncture (LA) function and its mechanisms action are unclear. The present study aimed to evaluate LA middle cerebral artery occlusion- (MCAO-) induced impairment action. Transient focal ischemia was modeled in adult Sprague-Dawley rats by MCAO. After or manual-acupuncture (MA) treatment at GV20 HT7 for 2 weeks, hippocampal-dependent memory evaluated using Morris water maze (MWM) test. hippocampus...

This study was designed to evaluate the effect of target controlled infusion propofol on QTc interval and tracheal intubation. Twenty-five unpremedicated, ASA class I or II patients were selected concentration at 5 microg x ml(-1) used throughout study. The measured before anaesthetic induction (baseline, T1), 10 min after (T2), immediately intubation (T3), 1 (T4). increased significantly started compared baseline (p = 0.003). After intubation, further when that T2 < 0.0001). within normal...

<h3>Background:</h3> The purpose of this study was to elucidate the effects injection at trigger points on pain and sleep disturbance in patients with nocturnal calf cramps (NCCs). <h3>Methods:</h3> Patients NCCs that occurred least once per week who had myofascial (MTrPs) gastrocnemius muscles were enrolled for 9 months. At first visit (T0), we measured intensity NCC an 11-point numeric rating scale, recorded frequency NCCs, calculated Insomnia Severity Index (ISI). We then checked MTrPs...

Background: The efficacy of dexamethasone plus palonosetron for postoperative nausea and vomiting (PONV) prophylaxis is not firmly established. This randomized, double-blind, controlled study evaluated whether the combination was superior to alone in preventing PONV patients receiving intravenous patient-controlled analgesia (IV-PCA) after upper extremity surgery. Methods: A total 202 undergoing surgery were randomly assigned group P (palonosetron alone) or PD dexamethasone). Group received...

This study investigated the ability of pulse pressure variation (PPV) and pleth variability index (PVI) to predict fluid responsiveness patients undergoing spinal surgery in prone position.A total 53 posterior lumbar fusion position on a Jackson table were studied. PPV, PVI, hemodynamic respiratory variables measured both before after administration 6 mL/kg colloid supine positions. Fluid was defined as 15% or greater increase stroke volume index, assessed by esophageal Doppler monitor...

Introduction: Cytoreductive surgery (CRS) and hyperthermic intraperitoneal chemotherapy (HIPEC) predispose to postoperative renal dysfunction. Dexmedetomidine is an α2 adrenoreceptor agonist, which has renoprotective effects after cardiac surgery.Objective: To assess the effect of dexmedetomidine on function CRS HIPEC.Materials: Thirty-eight patients undergoing HIPEC were randomized receive (dexmedetomidine group, n = 19, loading 1 μg/kg over 20 min followed by infusion at 0.5 μg/kg/h) or...

Predicting fluid responsiveness in patients under mechanical ventilation with low tidal volume (VT) is challenging. This study evaluated the ability of carotid corrected flow time (FTc) assessed by ultrasound for predicting during VT ventilation. Patients postoperative and clinically diagnosed hypovolemia were enrolled. Carotid FTc pulse pressure variation (PPV) measured at 6 10 mL/kg predicted body weight (PBW). was calculated using both Bazett’s (FTcB) Wodey’s (FTcW) formulas. Fluid...

Abstract The proton‐conducting oxides, widely employed as electrolytes in ceramic electrochemical cells, exhibit remarkable proton conductivity that facilitates efficient energy conversion processes. However, their inherent refractory nature poses a challenge producing chemically stoichiometric and physically dense within devices. Here novel approach is presented, dual‐phase reaction sintering, which can overcome the low sintering ability of representative BaCeO 3‐δ ‒BaZrO conducting oxides....

This study compared the therapeutic effect of monotherapy with a nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID) patch vs an NSAID combined transcutaneous electric nerve stimulation (TENS), heating pad, or topical capsaicin in treatment patients myofascial pain syndrome (MPS) upper trapezius. A randomized, single-blind, controlled combination therapy for MPS was performed. Ninety-nine were randomly assigned to one four different self-management methods treatment: (N = 25), + TENS 24), pad and...

Abstract Background: There has been no study of the effect post end-expiratory pressure (PEEP) on intraocular or intracranial during pneumoperitoneum with steep Trendelenburg positioning. We investigated effects 5 cmH 2 O PEEP and optic nerve sheath diameter as a surrogate for in robot-assisted laparoscopic radical prostatectomy. Methods: Fifty patients scheduled prostatectomy were divided into zero-PEEP (ZEEP) group group. Intraocular pressure, diameter, respiratory hemodynamic parameters...

Abstract Microstructure evolution and its influence on the mechanical properties of (Ti65.5Fe34.5)100− x Nb (x = 0, 3, 5 7) ultrafine composites has been investigated. The Nb-containing alloys exhibit simultaneously improved compressive properties, i.e. high yield (1.9–2.2 GPa) fracture (2.2–2.6 strength together with large plasticity (6–13%), due to a favorable modulation their eutectic microstructure. enhanced are strongly related length-scale, volume fraction distribution proeutectic...