To determine the contribution of convective and diffusive limitations to V̇(O2peak) during exercise in humans, oxygen transport haemodynamics were measured 11 men (22 ± 2 years) incremental (IE) 30 s all-out cycling sprints (Wingate test, WgT), normoxia (Nx, P(IO2): 143 mmHg) hypoxia (Hyp, 73 mmHg). Carboxyhaemoglobin (COHb) was increased 6-7% before both WgTs left-shift oxyhaemoglobin dissociation curve. Leg V̇(O2) by Fick method leg blood flow (BF) with thermodilution, muscle O2 diffusing...

AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) is a major mediator of the exercise response and molecular target to improve insulin sensitivity. To determine if anaerobic component response, which exaggerated when sprint performed in severe acute hypoxia, influences exercise-elicited Thr(172)-AMPKα phosphorylation, 10 volunteers single 30-s (Wingate test) normoxia hypoxia (inspired Po(2): 75 mmHg). Vastus lateralis muscle biopsies were obtained before immediately after 30 120 min postsprint. Mean power...

The extremely high energy demand elicited by sprint exercise is satisfied an increase in O 2 consumption combined with a glycolytic rate, leading to marked lactate accumulation, increased AMP-to-ATP ratio, and reduced NAD + /NADH.H muscle pH, which are accompanied Thr 172 AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK)-α phosphorylation during the recovery period mechanism not fully understood. To determine role played reactive nitrogen oxygen species (RNOS) on -AMPKα response cycling exercise, nine...

Abstract Objectives: This study was designed to investigate the association of gender, fibre type composition, and anaerobic performance with basal skeletal muscle signalling cascades regulating phenotype. Design: Muscle biopsies were obtained from 25 men 10 women all young healthy. Methods . Protein phosphorylation Thr 172 AMPKα, Ser 221 ACCβ, 286 CaMKII as well total protein abundance PGC‐1α, SIRT1, CnA measured by Western blot Wingate test. Results: Percent I myosin heavy chain (MHC I)...

To evaluate the effectiveness of a multicomponent supervised and unsupervised training program focused on muscle power to counteract potential changes in sedentary behavior, disability, physical activity (PA), health-related quality life (HRQoL) caused by COVID-19 pandemic domiciliary confinement prefrail older adults with type 2 diabetes mellitus.Thirty-five mellitus were assigned groups according their frailty status: exercise group (prefrail or frail; n = 21; 74.7 [4.5] y; 33.3% male)...

Background Soccer is the world’s most popular sport for both men and women. Tests of athletic functional performance are commonly used to assess physical ability set goals. The Functional Movement Screen (FMS™) a widely seven-test battery developed by practitioners provide interpretable measure movement quality. main objective present study was twofold, analyze relationship between FMS™ results from male female soccer players compare their in different tests. Methods A total twenty-eight...

To determine the influence of androgen receptor CAG and GGN repeat polymorphisms on fat mass maximal oxidation (MFO), lengths were measured in 128 young boys, from which longitudinal data obtained 45 them [mean ± SD: 12.8 3.6 years old at recruitment, 27.0 4.8 adult age]. Subjects grouped as short (CAGS ) if harboring ≤ 21, rest long (CAGL ); (GGNS 23, or > 23 (GGNL ). CAGS GGNS associated with lower adiposity than CAGL GGNL (P < 0.05). There was an association between logarithm repeats...

The scientific literature shows a beneficial association between active methodologies and cognitive variables in university students. purpose of this research was to determine the relationship Physical Education attention concentration group students A total forty-four undergraduate from Pontifical University Comillas Balearic Islands, Palma de Mallorca, Spain, participated present investigation (age: 20.48 ± 1.37 years; height: 170.77 9.11 cm; weight: 68.84 8.29 kg; body mass index: 23.51...

To determine if the muscle signalling response to a 30 s all-out sprint exercise is modulated by mode and endocrine response, 27 healthy volunteers were divided in 2 groups that performed isokinetic (10 men 5 women) isoinertial (7 Wingate tests. Blood samples vastus lateralis biopsies taken before, immediately after, 120 min after sprints. Groups comparable age, height, body weight, percentage of fat, peak power per kg lower extremities lean mass (Pmax) fibre types. However, group achieved...

Abstract: Androgen receptor (AR) CAG n (polyglutamine) and GGN (polyglycine) repeat polymorphisms determine part of the androgenic effect may influence adiposity. The association fat mass, its regional distribution, with AR was studied in 319 78 physically active nonsmoker men women (mean ± SD: 28.3 7.6 24.8 6.2 years old, respectively). length repeats determined by polymerase chain reaction fragment analysis, confirmed DNA sequencing selected samples. Men were grouped as short (CAG S ) if...

Introduction: The aims of this study were i) to evaluate if extreme CAG and GGN repeat polymorphisms the androgen receptors (AR) influence body fat mass, its regional distribution, resting metabolic rate (RMR), maximal oxidation capacity (MFO) tissue accumulation after 6.4 years follow up ii) determine these differences are explained by changes in oxygen uptake (VO2max).Potential associations between AR serum concentration leptin, free testosterone osteocalcin also examined.Methods: repeats...

The present study aimed to investigate the effects of a 10-week online high-intensity interval training (HIIT) program on body composition and aerobic performance in physically sedentary women. A parallel, two-group, longitudinal (pre, post) design was used with physical tests performed before (preintervention) after (postintervention) intervention period. total forty-eight healthy women (defined as an individual who lacks regular exercise or structured fitness routine) were recruited...

The aim of this study was twofold: (i) to observe the individual results fitness status [countermovement jump (CMJ)], hop test, linear sprinting time, stride frequency, distance, force-power-velocity, peak power maximal and speed, repeated sprint ability (RSA) functional performance (overhead squat, single-leg squat dumbbell hip-hinge, Thomas hip extension, internal external rotators) (ii) analyze relationship between anthropometrical measures values with % difference in rotators.The...

the human androgen receptor (AR) gene possesses two trinucleotide polymorphic repeats, (CAG and GGN) that affect amount of AR protein translated. In this study, we genotyped these tracts in a representative sample Caucasian children (Tanner ≤ 5), 152 boys (11.5 } 2.6 yrs) 116 girls (10.1 3.2 from Spain investigated their association with bone mass.the length CAG GGN repeats was determined by PCR fragment analysis. Body composition assessed dual energy x-ray absorptiometry (DXA). Individuals...

Pre-season training has been demonstrated to modify the physical fitness and hormone levels in professional soccer players. The present study aimed analyze relationships between testosterone cortisol with anthropometric characteristics a male team after pre-season period. Fourteen volunteer players participated this study. Significant decreases were found. For biochemical measures, (13) =-5.25, p=.001, d=-.27), (t =-8.10, d=-.65) C/T ratio =-4.07, d =-0.2) significantly increased Moreover,...

The present study aimed to investigate the effects of a 10-week online high-intensity interval training (HIIT) on body composition and aerobic performance in physically sedentary women. A parallel two-group, longitudinal (pre, post) design was used with physical tests performed before (preintervention) after (postintervention) intervention period. total for-ty-eight healthy women were recruited participate this study. Par-ticipants distributed two groups: experimental group (EG) 24 (n = 24,...

Shorter CAG and GGN androgen receptor (AR) repeat polymorphisms are associated with stronger signaling, therefore, could influence lean mass exercise performance during growth.Physical fitness body composition were measured by standardized procedures the length of repeats was determined PCR fragment analysis in 152 boys (11.5±2.6 years; Tanner ≤5) 116 girls (10.1±3.2 ≤5). Individuals grouped as short (CAGS) if harboring lengths ≤21 long (CAGL) >21. Moreover, subjects (GGNS) ≤23 (GGNL)...

A review of the literature has demonstrated impact active breaks (AB) on students’ cognition and academic performance. Despite evidence, undergraduate students seem to remain passive during lessons as teaching is mostly traditional revolves around teacher. To break with this tendency in university context, we included physical activity (PA) lessons. This study aimed observe acute effect AB attention mathematical competence. total 25 (Mage = 23.36, SD 1.98) participated performed an...

The exon-1 of the androgen receptor (AR) gene contains two length polymorphisms which modify either amount AR protein inside cell (GGNn, polyglycine) or its transcriptional activity (CAGn, polyglutamine). Shorter CAG and/or GGN repeats provide stronger signaling, and vice versa. On other hand, levels are inversely associated with fat mass. PURPOSE: To test hypothesis that repeat polymorphism influences body serum leptin concentrations. METHODS: was determined by PCR fragment analysis,...

Both resting and contracting skeletal muscles produce reactive oxygen species (ROS) nitrogen species, which are supposed to be involved in fatigue. In fact, some antioxidant treatments have increased muscle performance both vivo vitro. However, antioxidant-mediated depletion of ROS from unfatigued results a depression force production. Exercise-induced production may exacerbated during sprint exercise severe acute hypoxia at it does ischemia. PURPOSE: To determine if oxidative stress...

AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) plays a central role in the regulation of cellular metabolism. It is activated when energy charge cell low. Acetyl-coenzyme A carboxylase (ACC) downstream target for AMPK wich produces its phosphorylation and inhibition, leading to reduced malonyl-coenzyme increased fatty acid transport into mitochondria. Since women have greater leptin levels higher capacity oxide fat during exercise we hypothesized that will basal skeletal muscle ACC compared men....

Purpose The aim of our study was to examine the effect 16 weeks strength training on anthropometric characteristics and jump height in semi-professional male players after a pre-season period. Methods A parallel two-group, longitudinal (pre, post) design used with physical tests performed before (preintervention) (postintervention) 16-week intervention soccer were assigned matched into two groups, an experimental group (EG) control (CG), based team which they part. Results two-way ANOVA time...

There is an inverse correlation between serum leptin and testosterone levels in men which could be explained by either effect of on secretion or indirect fat mass. PURPOSE: To determine if the association free concentrations independent mass its regional distribution men. METHODS: Two hundred fifty-nine healthy physically active men, aged 29.1±7.4 years with a percentage body 19.5±7.3% participated this investigation. Fasting were assessed ELISA composition DEXA. RESULTS: The was associated...