Abstract T cell responses are important to the control of infection but deleterious if not regulated. IFN-γ-deficient mice infected with mycobacteria exhibit enhanced accumulation activated effector cells and neutrophils within granulomatous lesions. These do bacterial growth compromise integrity tissue. We show that have increased numbers IL-17-producing following Mycobacterium bovis bacille Calmette Guérin. Furthermore, exogenous IFN-γ increases IL-12 decreases IL-23 production by...

Infection usually leads to the development of acquired immune responses associated with clearance or control infecting organism. However, if not adequately regulated, immune-mediated pathology can result. Tuberculosis is a worldwide threat, and an effective vaccine requires that protective response Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb) be dissected from pathological response. This distinction particularly important new vaccines are delivered Mtb-exposed individuals, as repeated antigenic exposure...

Mycobacterium ulcerans disease, or Buruli ulcer (BU), is an indolent, necrotizing infection of skin, subcutaneous tissue and, occasionally, bones. It the third most common human mycobacteriosis worldwide, after tuberculosis and leprosy. There evidence that M. environmental pathogen transmitted to humans from aquatic niches; however, well-characterized pure cultures environment have never been reported. Here we present details isolation characterization strain (00-1441) obtained Hemiptera...

Background Buruli Ulcer (BU) is a neglected, necrotizing skin disease caused by Mycobacterium ulcerans. Currently, there no vaccine against M. ulcerans infection. Although the World Health Organization recommends combination of rifampicin and streptomycin for treatment BU, clinical management advanced stages still based on surgical resection infected skin. The use bacteriophages control bacterial infections has been considered as an alternative or to be used in association with...

ABSTRACT Buruli ulcer (BU) is a devastating, necrotizing, tropical skin disease caused by infections with Mycobacterium ulcerans . In contrast to other mycobacterioses, BU has been associated minimal or absent inflammation. However, here we show that in the mouse M. induces persistent inflammatory responses virulence-dependent patterns. Mycolactone-positive, cytotoxic strains are virulent for mice and multiply progressively, inducing both early acute responses. The cytotoxicity of these...

ABSTRACT Mycobacterium ulcerans is the etiologic agent of Buruli ulcer (BU), an emerging tropical skin disease. Virulent M. secretes mycolactone, a cytotoxic exotoxin with key pathogenic role. in biopsy specimens has been described as extracellular bacillus. In vitro assays have suggested mycolactone-induced inhibition uptake by macrophages which its proliferation not demonstrated. Therefore, and uniquely for mycobacterium, classified pathogen. from patients mouse footpad lesions, bacilli...

The pathogenicity of Mycobacterium ulcerans, the agent Buruli ulcer, depends on cytotoxic exotoxin mycolactone. Little is known about immune response to this pathogen. Following demonstration an intracellular growth phase in life cycle M. we investigated production tumor necrosis factor (TNF) induced by intramacrophage bacilli diverse toxigenesis/virulence, as well biological relevance TNF during ulcerans experimental infections. Our data show that murine bone marrow-derived macrophages...

Background The World Health Organization (WHO) advises treatment of Mycobacterium ulcerans disease, also called "Buruli ulcer" (BU), with a combination the antibiotics rifampicin and streptomycin (R+S), whether followed by surgery or not. In endemic areas, clinical case definition is recommended. We evaluated effectiveness this strategy in series patients large ulcers ≥10 cm longest diameter rural health zone Democratic Republic Congo (DRC). Methods A cohort 92 ulcerated lesions suspected to...

Acinetobacter baumannii is emerging as a major nosocomial pathogen in intensive care units. The bacterial capsules are considered virulence factors, and the particular A. capsular type K2 has been associated with high antibiotic resistance. In this study, we identified capsule-specific depolymerase bacteriophage tail spike C terminus, fragment that was heterologously expressed, its antivirulence properties were assessed by vivo experiments. active under broad range of environmental...

Invasive punch or incisional skin biopsy specimens are currently employed for the bacteriological confirmation of clinical diagnosis Buruli ulcer (BU), a cutaneous infectious disease caused by Mycobacterium ulcerans. The efficacy fine-needle aspirates (FNA) using fine-gauge needles (23G 25 mm) laboratory BU was compared with that tissue fragments obtained in parallel excision biopsy. In three treatment centers Benin, both types diagnostic material were from 33 clinically suspected cases and...

Buruli Ulcer (BU) is a neglected infectious disease caused by Mycobacterium ulcerans that responsible for severe necrotizing cutaneous lesions may be associated with bone involvement. Clinical presentations of BU are classically classified as papules, nodules, plaques and edematous infiltration, ulcer or osteomyelitis. Within these different clinical forms, can further forms based on focality (multiple lesions), lesions' size (>15cm diameter) WHO Category (WHO 3 lesions). There studies...

Introduction Buruli ulcer (BU) is a severe necrotizing human skin disease caused by Mycobacterium ulcerans. Clinically, presentation sum of these diverse pathogenic hits subjected to critical immune-regulatory mechanisms. Among them, autophagy has been demonstrated as cellular process importance. Since microtubules and dynein are affected mycolactone, the exotoxin produced M. ulcerans, cytoskeleton-related changes might potentially impair autophagic impact risk progression infection....

Diabetic foot infection (DFI) is an important cause of morbidity and mortality. Antibiotics are fundamental for treating DFI, although bacterial biofilm formation associated pathophysiology can reduce their effectiveness. Additionally, antibiotics often with adverse reactions. Hence, improved antibiotic therapies required safer effective DFI management. On this regard, drug delivery systems (DDSs) constitute a promising strategy. We propose gellan gum (GG)-based spongy-like hydrogel as...

Buruli ulcer, caused by Mycobacterium ulcerans infections, is a necrotizing skin disease whose pathogenesis associated with the exotoxin mycolactone. Despite relevance of this emergent disease, little known on immune response against pathogen. Following recent demonstration an intramacrophage growth phase for M. ulcerans, we investigated biological IFN-gamma and antimycobacterial mechanisms activated cytokine in ulcerans-infected macrophages. Three strains were tested: 5114 (mutant...

Buruli ulcer is a neglected infectious disease caused by Mycobacterium ulcerans and characterized necrotic cutaneous lesions induced the exotoxin mycolactone. Despite evidence of Th1-mediated protective immunity, M. infection has been associated with systemic immunosuppression. We show that early during mouse either mycolactone-positive or negative strains, pathogen-specific gamma interferon (IFN-γ)-producing T cells developed in draining lymph node (DLN). CD4(+) migrated to foci, but...

Background Buruli ulcer (BU) is an emerging infectious disease caused by Mycobacterium ulcerans that can result in extensive necrotizing cutaneous lesions due to the cytotoxic exotoxin mycolactone. There no specific vaccine against BU but reports show some degree of cross-reactive protection conferred M. bovis BCG immunization. Alternatively, ulcerans-specific immunization could be a better preventive strategy. Methodology/Principal Findings In this study, we used mouse model characterize...

Buruli ulcer (BU) is a neglected tropical disease caused by Mycobacterium ulcerans. The tissue damage characteristic of BU lesions known to be driven the secretion potent lipidic exotoxin mycolactone. However, molecular action mycolactone on host cell biology mediating cytopathogenesis not fully understood. Here we applied two-dimensional electrophoresis (2-DE) identify mechanisms mycolactone's cellular in L929 mouse fibroblast proteome. This revealed 20 changed spots corresponding 18...

UV-stabilizers are a class of additives that provide extended polymer resistance to UV-degradation, but have also been suggested antimicrobial activity, potentially preventing the spread pathogens, and inhibiting microbial-induced biodegradation. In this work, we incorporated different UV-stabilizers, hindered amine light stabilizer (HALS), Tinuvin 770 DF PA 123, or hybrid HALS/UV-absorber, 5151, in polyurethane formulations produce lacquer-films, tested their activity against Staphylococcus...

Buruli Ulcer (BU) is a cutaneous disease caused by Mycobacterium ulcerans. The pathogenesis of this closely related to the secretion toxin mycolactone that induces extensive destruction skin and soft tissues. Currently, there are no effective measures prevent and, despite availability antibiotherapy surgical treatments, these therapeutic options often associated with severe side effects. Therefore, it important develop alternative strategies for treatment BU. Endolysins (lysins) phage...

Buruli Ulcer (BU) is a necrotizing skin disease caused by Mycobacterium ulcerans infection. BU characterized wide range of clinical forms, including non-ulcerative cutaneous lesions that can evolve into severe ulcers if left untreated. Nevertheless, spontaneous healing has been reported to occur, although knowledge on this process scarce both in naturally infected humans and experimental models Animal are useful since they mimic different spectrums human have the potential elucidate...