An ultrawideband (UWB) full-metal planar array antenna based on a combination of ridge gap waveguide (RGW) and E-plane groove (E-GGW) is presented for millimeter-wave (mmWave) applications. First, the radiation element double-step double-ridged slot structure proposed designed. By removing vertical walls cavity in H-plane, impedance matching characteristics presents UWB bandwidth 53%. Second, double-layer feeding network achieved by combining RGWs double-side-pin E-GGWs elements. Finally, an...

A novel wideband circularly polarized antenna for S-band satellite communications with wide beamwidth is presented. The impedance bandwidth achieved by using the modified inverted-L feeds and stacked patches. obtained semi-open metal cavity. prototype of implemented, measured 30.1% reflection coefficient <formula formulatype="inline" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"><tex Notation="TeX">$\leq \hbox{-}10~\hbox{dB}$</tex> </formula> ,...

An ultrawideband circularly polarized (CP) planar array antenna built by new radiation elements, the bold-C spiral in millimeter-wave band is presented this article. Using tightly coupled (TCA) technique, embedded CP element infinite has achieved both impedance bandwidth and 3 dB axial ratio (AR) of 50.7% covering 18.1-30.4 GHz for fixed broadside beam. Then, a feeding network designed using dielectric-based inverted microstrip gap waveguide (DIMGW) technology order to have compact layout....

A 4 × wideband millimeter-wave (mmWave) slot array antenna excited by the TE440 mode based on groove gap waveguide is presented in this paper. vertical located center of cavity and two ridges are used to excite mode. In addition, a pair corrugations acting as soft surface added top improve gain. prototype fabricated measured. The measured simulated results great agreement. show that proposed achieved an impedance bandwidth (|S11| &lt; −10 dB) 26.7% from 26.14 34.2 GHz, maximum gain 17.7 dBi....

A dual-band dual-circularly polarized transmitarray antenna (TA) operating in the 28/39 GHz millimeter-wave band is proposed this article. The TA unit consists of two parts: a broadband linearly (LP) receiving part and transmitting part. An over-2-bit phase compensation achieved by changing size U-shaped slot rotation status 24 × model with an aperture 88.8 mm built up using units fed wide-band corrugated horn antenna. simulated results show that maximum gain 26.28 dBic within low-band...

Summary Aims It has been well documented that angiotensin II type 1 ( AT ) receptor blockers ARB s) are known to attenuate neural damage and the c‐Jun N ‐terminal protein kinase 3 JNK 3) pathway caspase‐3 signal involved in neuronal cell death following cerebral ischemia/reperfusion I / R ). In this study, we first showed losartan could protect neurons against ‐induced injury. Methods Cerebral ischemia model was induced by four‐vessel occlusion. Antisense oligodeoxynucleotides ODN were used...

A novel compact microstrip planar slot antenna with triple-band operations for WALN and WiMAX applications is proposed. The antenna, which occupies an overall dimension of 35 £ 19 1:6mm 3 , has a simple structure consists asymmetric coplanar strip reverse G-shaped U- shaped open stub. U-shaped stub excites resonant mode at 2.4GHz. On the other hand could excite modes 5.2GHz. Meanwhile, G- aimed to 3.5 5.8GHz. It good omnidirectional radiation patterns in azimuth plane reaches 1.1dBi 2.4GHz,...

A multifunctional tri-band antenna combining transmitarray (TA) and reflectarray (RA) is presented in this communication. Five-layer patches etched on three dielectric substrates with two air gaps are used as the unit cell. Cross dipoles inserted cross slots control transmission characteristics at Ku-band (14 GHz). Double square rings top bottom layers reflection K (21 GHz)- Ka (30 GHz)-bands, respectively. The has dual-polarized each band. phase shift range that can be obtained 360° for 3...

In this letter, a wideband millimeter-wave (mmWave) planar array antenna with printed ridge gap waveguide (PRGW) feeding network is presented. A bowtie fed by the PRGW employed as radiation element which combines an upside-down electromagnetic bandgap part using lamination. Thus, new structure, proposed achieves stable, wideband, and high-antenna-efficiency performance. prototype of 8 ×8 fabricated measured. The measured results show that has impedance matching bandwidth (|S <sub...

This communication presents a novel bifunctional metasurface (MS) combining the reflectarray (RA) and transmitarray (TA) with dual-band orthogonally polarized dual-beam characteristics. The proposed reflect-transmit-array (RTA) is capable of reflecting <inline-formula xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$x$ </tex-math></inline-formula> -polarized incidence without changing its polarization state around 10 GHz...

The issue of haze in the middle reaches Yangtze River urban agglomeration has significant implications for China. Concurrently, co-agglomeration and technological innovation are key factors influencing pollution. Using panel data composed PM2.5 concentration other from 27cities between 2010 2020, this paper empirically investigates impact on From rigorous analysis, several conclusions crystallize: (1)the productive services manufacturing accentuates pollution, showcasing notable regional...

A high-efficiency double-layer transmitarray (TA) operating at 14.25 GHz is proposed using low-loss dual-linearly polarized elements. Each element comprises only two layers of patches printed on a dielectric substrate and four vias. Cross dipoles spiral with L-shaped are used as the first second unit cells, respectively. employed to increase transmission magnitude. The phase shift range 360° for magnitude -1 dB. square TA composed 400 elements designed, manufactured, tested verify design....

This letter presents a novel superstrate composed of multilayer metasurface (MM), which is characterized by wideband monostatic and bistatic radar cross section reduction (RCSR) for Fabry-Perot (FP) antenna with magnetoelectric (ME) dipole-fed. The proposed MM consists four layers, the top three layers form polarization-selective absorber (PSA), bottom layer polarization conversion (PCM). copolarized incident waves are absorbed PSA, while cross-polarized pass through low insertion loss....

A bifunctional full-space metasurface (FS-MS) capable of generating reflective multiple vortex beams and focusing transmissive electromagnetic waves within different frequency bands is presented in this letter. The generation based on the Pancharatnam–Berry (PB) phase, which exhibits property full phase control by rotating orientation angle an I-shaped patch. Meanwhile, PB unit backed a metallic square loop selective surface (FSS), behaves as stopband passband responses around 18 GHz 12 GHz,...

A novel CPW-fed antenna having a frequency band- notched function for UWB applications is proposed and studied. By inserting pair of inverted-T-shaped slots on the radiation element, narrow band notch has been created to cover desired varying from 3.4 3.69GHz required bandwidth also acquainted. Good monopole-like patterns gains have obtained.

A novel triband frequency-selective surface (FSS) is designed to be a subreflector for reflector antennas. The element of the proposed FSS structure consists mainly two identical layers square loop combined with hexagonal ring and hexagon. reflects electromagnetic waves in Ku-band (12-15.2 GHz), but transmits K-band (18-21.6 GHz) Ka-band (29.3-32 GHz). Moreover, such an has merit stable performance various incident angles within 50° both TE TM polarizations. Simulated results show that...

In this letter, we propose a dual circularly polarized reflect–transmit-array (RTA) antenna with independent beam control. It can transmit left-hand (LHCP) wave as transmitarray and reflect right-hand (RHCP) reflectarray at 8.7–10.2 GHz. addition, 360° phase shift for each be achieved by rotating the top bottom patches. A 20 × 20-unit cell RTA is designed, fabricated, measured. For LHCP radiation, measured results show that 3 dB gain bandwidth axial ratio (AR) are 13.7% (8.8–10.1 GHz) 15.9%...

In this communication, we present a novel amplitude–phase-controlled metasurface (APCMS), which features full <inline-formula xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$2\pi $ </tex-math></inline-formula> phase coverage and amplitude variation from 0 to 1 for transmissive waves. By alternately cascading three ultrathin printed circuit boards (PCBs) two curved 3-D-printed substrates, the proposed APCMS is designed be...

A tightly coupled bowtie array antenna at a millimetre‐wave band is presented in the study. The has simple structure and exhibits high performance over an ultra‐wide bandwidth. feeding network designed by using dielectric‐based inverted microstrip gap waveguide technology order to have compact layout. An 8 × planar prototyped. measured results show that proposed achieved overall bandwidth of 55.7% from 18.7 33.15 GHz. maximum gain 21.8 dBi 32.5 GHz, total efficiency above 40% through whole

As the world’s largest carbon emitter, China has been committed to emission reduction and green development. Under goal of “double carbon”, adjusting industrial structure promoting development producer services are regarded as effective paths. In this paper, from perspective market entry enterprises, we firstly investigate transmission mechanism between enterprises agglomeration summarize services. Based on panel data 110 prefecture-level cities in China’s Yangtze River Economic Belt (YREB)...

Cardiomyocytes apoptosis can lead to heart failure. Conventional and alternative drugs, such as Chinese herbal remedies, have been developed target cardiomyoblast cells apoptosis. In this study, we investigated the effects of ginsenoside Rb1 (Rb1), an active compound, which is isolated from Notoginseng Ginseng on isoproterenol-(ISO-) induced in rat cardiomyocytes its mechanism vivo vitro. reduced ISO-induced H9c2 cells. The effect was significantly suppressed by H89 (inhibitor for PKA), but...

A broadband circularly polarized (CP) slot antenna array fed by an asymmetric coplanar waveguide (CPW) with stepped and inverted T-shaped strips is proposed. Using four square elements sequential rotation oblique feed a modifled sequential-phase (SP) feeding network, CP can be achieved. The measured i10dB re∞ection coe-cient bandwidth 3dB axial ratio (AR) are 55.4% (1.63{2.88GHz) 58% (1.65{3GHz), respectively. Good radiation characteristics gain more than 6dBic over the operating band...