A5050953039- Laser-induced spectroscopy and plasma
- Atomic and Molecular Physics
- Ion-surface interactions and analysis
- Laser Design and Applications
- Laser Material Processing Techniques
- Diamond and Carbon-based Materials Research
- Advanced X-ray Imaging Techniques
- Electronic and Structural Properties of Oxides
- Physics of Superconductivity and Magnetism
- Spectroscopy and Laser Applications
- Surface Roughness and Optical Measurements
- Scientific Measurement and Uncertainty Evaluation
- Laser-Plasma Interactions and Diagnostics
- Advanced Sensor Technologies Research
- Combustion and flame dynamics
- Analytical chemistry methods development
- Microfluidic and Capillary Electrophoresis Applications
- Flow Measurement and Analysis
- Laser-Matter Interactions and Applications
- Copper-based nanomaterials and applications
- Atomic and Subatomic Physics Research
- Dust and Plasma Wave Phenomena
- Atmospheric chemistry and aerosols
- High-pressure geophysics and materials
- Quantum, superfluid, helium dynamics
Czech Academy of Sciences, Institute of Botany
2024
Czech Academy of Sciences
2024
Charles University
2011-2023
VSB - Technical University of Ostrava
2015-2023
Czech Academy of Sciences, Institute of Thermomechanics
2015
Czech Academy of Sciences, J. Heyrovský Institute of Physical Chemistry
1992
Abstract Changing climates can influence species range shifts and biological invasions, but the mechanisms are not fully known. Using model Phragmites australis (Cav.) Trin. ex Steud. ( Poaceae ), we conducted a global analysis of climate plant native introduced cytotypes to determine whether this relationship influences population distributions, hypothesizing that smaller genomes more common in regions greater environmental stress. First, identified 598 field-collected genome size variants...
A real-time and accurate characterization of the X-ray beam size is essential to enable a large variety different experiments at free-electron laser facilities. Typically, ablative imprints are employed determine shape µm-focused beams. The high accuracy this state-of-the-art method comes expense time required perform an ex-situ image analysis. In contrast, diffraction curved grating with suitably varying period orientation forms magnified beam, which can be recorded by 2D pixelated detector...
An irreversible response of inorganic scintillators to intense soft xray laser radiation was investigated at the FLASH (Free-electron LASer in Hamburg) facility.Three ionic crystals, namely, Ce:YAG (cerium-doped yttrium aluminum garnet), PbWO 4 (lead tungstate), and ZnO (zinc oxide), were exposed single 4.6 nm ultra-short pulses variable pulse energy (up 12 μJ) under normal incidence conditions with tight focus.Damaged areas produced various levels fluences, analyzed on surface irradiated...
Properties of the plasma plume produced on a bismuth (Bi) target irradiated by focused extreme-ultraviolet (XUV) capillary-discharge laser beam were investigated. Langmuir probes used in both single- and double-probe arrangements to determine electron temperature density, providing values 1–3 eV ∼1013–1014 m−3, respectively. Although temperatures seem be comparable with obtained ablation plasmas conventional, long-wavelength lasers, density is significantly lower. This finding indicates that...
A constant pressure gas flowmeter using a directly driven diaphragm bellows as volume displacer was studied. This is perfectly vacuum-sealed, does not contain elastomers and liquids that would prevent outgassing at elevated temperatures can achieve smaller ratio of the final to displaced than when are used, so uncertainty in generating small flow rates be small. As, used displacer, cannot calculated from geometric dimensions its dependence on displacement non-linear, sensitive method had...
Abstract The electron temperatures T e were measured using a double probe in premixed methane flame produced by calibration burner according to Hartung et al. experiment was performed at atmospheric pressure. In contrast other authors, we have managed find typical nonlinearities corresponding the retarding current region and calculate suitable fit on basis of characteristics. A Pt‐Rh thermocouple used measure h “heavy” species. Our results indicate that plasma can be considered weakly...
<para xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"> Dust grains are sputtered at every environment containing energetic ions (i.e., with energies of several kiloelectronvolts). In the laboratory, only beam experiments would fulfill these conditions; however, in space, can be found even solar wind. It was suggested that sputtering is one most important destruction processes micrometer-sized dust grains, and on other hand, it a source heavy species...
Single crystals of two fluorides (LiF and CaF2) a tungstate (PbWO4) were irradiated by nanosecond pulses 46.9- nm radiation provided 10-Hz capillary-discharge Ne-like Ar laser (CDL). The damage threshold was determined in LiF using the CDL beam focused Sc/Si multilayer-coated spherical mirror. Irradiated samples have been investigated Nomarski (DIC - Differential Interference Contrast) microscopy optical (WLI white light intereferometry) profiler. After an exposure certain number pulses,...
The lower range limit of constant pressure gas flowmeters is about 10−8 Pa×m3/s. Detrimental throughputs caused by leaks and gassing from surfaces prevent its decrease. Even if the flowmeter entirely vacuum tight throughput outgassing can be sufficiently reduced only pumping at elevated temperature. It performed with using directly driven bellows or diaphragm in volume displacers. Despite it, hardly decreased more than several ten times up to now known designs. An additional uncertainty...
Abstract The availability of reliable modeling tools and input data required for the prediction surface removal rate from lithium fluoride targets irradiated by intense photon beams is essential many practical aspects. This study motivated implementation soft X-ray (SXR) or extreme ultraviolet (XUV) lasers pulsed ablation thin film deposition. Specifically, it focused on quantitative description XUV laser-induced desorption/ablation fluoride, which a reference large band-gap dielectric...
Time-resolved emission spectroscopy was employed to detect excited species formed by the laser ablation of Bi-Sr-Ca-Cu-O and Y-Ba-Cu-O targets at atmospheric pressure. The spectra times up 100 ns are characterized broadband high-density plasma; for longer times, sharp atomic ionic lines were found (Bi, Sr+, Sr, Ca+, Ca, Cu Y, Y+, Ba+, Y-Ba-Cu-O). At greater than 30 μs (Bi-Sr-Ca-Cu-O) or 2 (Y-Ba-Cu-O) primarily metal oxides occurred in plasma. Experiments oxygen, nitrogen, argon, helium...
The properties of plasma formed during pulsed laser deposition from a Bi–Sr–Ca–Cu–O target were measured using Langmuir probe in the electron accelerating region “Plasma splitting” was observed at pressures range 1–5 Pa and distances 3–14 mm.
Analyses of the composition residual gases for diagnostic purposes, analyses atmosphere enforced by introduction technological purposes and released from analyte materials in numerous analytical methods (e.g. TSD, SIMS) are frequently carried out vacuum systems. There is only a small amount gas available, system so most important property mass spectrometer high sensitivity. As consequence, resolution usually low. Moreover, low outgassing rate itself all parts connecting it to required....
Mesoscopic superconducting particles can be used as a model material for the cognition of properties possible cosmic dust. In order to acquire desired fraction between 1–10 µm, method grain size separation based on wet sedimentation in isopropanol was developed Bi1.8Pb0.26Sr2Ca2Cu3O10+x (BSCCO) high-temperature superconductor. The separated fractions were characterized by laser diffraction (LD), SEM-EDS, and XRD measurements. All contained same amount major 2223 phase mesoscopic meet...
The multi-mJ, 21-nm soft-x-ray laser at the PALS facility was focused on surface of amorphous carbon (a-C) coating, developed for heavily loaded XUV/x-ray optical elements. AFM (Atomic Force Microscopy) images show 3-micrometer expansion irradiated material. Raman spectra, measured with an Ar<sup>+</sup> microbeam in both and unirradiated areas, confirm a high degree graphitization layer. In addition to this highfluence (~ 1 J/cm<sup>2</sup>), single-shot experiment, it necessary carry out...
The pumping speed of a pump in an orifice flow standard was measured to enable calculation the effective calibration chamber. main problems are as follows. (1) connected chamber finite size is not unambiguously defined; different measuring arrangements lead values. It necessary measure same arrangement for standard. (2) If this be primary standard, gauges related gauge another cannot used measurement range pressures.
Understanding the interaction between dust grains and spacecraft materials is crucial for observations. This study focuses on characterization of hypervelocity space impact spots a variety commonly used in construction. Utilizing laboratory-based experiments, we investigate created by impacts. Experimental setups involve subjecting different materials, including polymers, metals, composites, to controlled impacts accelerated micro-sized particles. We employ advanced imaging techniques, such...