A5050828967- Heart Rate Variability and Autonomic Control
- Cardiac Health and Mental Health
- Vagus Nerve Stimulation Research
- Non-Invasive Vital Sign Monitoring
- Cardiac Arrest and Resuscitation
- Stress Responses and Cortisol
- Posttraumatic Stress Disorder Research
- ECG Monitoring and Analysis
- Nicotinic Acetylcholine Receptors Study
- Health disparities and outcomes
- Cardiac, Anesthesia and Surgical Outcomes
- Birth, Development, and Health
- Traumatic Brain Injury and Neurovascular Disturbances
- Neuroscience of respiration and sleep
- Cardiovascular Disease and Adiposity
- Intensive Care Unit Cognitive Disorders
- EEG and Brain-Computer Interfaces
- Advanced Computing and Algorithms
- Cardiovascular Health and Risk Factors
- Phonocardiography and Auscultation Techniques
- Dementia and Cognitive Impairment Research
- Hemodynamic Monitoring and Therapy
- Health, psychology, and well-being
Emory University
2020-2023
Georgia Department of Public Health
2020-2023
Northwestern University
2021
Emory Clinic
2020
Posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) is a highly disabling condition associated with alterations in multiple neurobiological systems, including increases inflammatory and sympathetic function, responsible for maintenance of symptoms. Treatment options medications psychotherapies have limitations. We previously showed that transcutaneous Vagus Nerve Stimulation (tcVNS) blocks (interleukin (IL)-6) responses to PTSD. The purpose this study was assess the effects tcVNS on PTSD symptoms stress....
Posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) is a highly disabling condition associated with alterations in multiple neurobiological systems, including increases inflammatory function. Vagus nerve stimulation (VNS) decreases inflammation, however few studies have examined the effects of non-invasive VNS on physiology human subjects, and no patients PTSD. The purpose this study was to assess transcutaneous cervical (tcVNS) responses stress. Thirty subjects history exposure traumatic (N = 10)...
Research has shown that transcutaneous cervical vagus nerve stimulation (tcVNS) yields downstream changes in peripheral physiology individuals afflicted with posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD). While the cardiovascular effects of tcVNS have been studied broadly prior work, specific on reciprocal pulse transit time (1/PTT) remain unknown. By quantifying detectable effects, can be further evaluated as a counterbalance to sympathetic hyperactivity during distress – specifically, we...
Background: The inferior frontal lobe is an important area of the brain involved in stress response, and higher activation with acute mental may indicate a more severe reaction. However, it unclear if this region correlates angina individuals coronary artery disease. Methods: Individuals stable disease underwent testing using series standardized speech/arithmetic stressors conjunction high resolution positron emission tomography imaging brain. Blood flow to was evaluated as ratio compared...
Objective: The impedance cardiogram (ICG) is a non-invasive sensing modality for assessing the mechanical aspects of cardiac function, but sensitive to artifacts from respiration, speaking, motion, and electrode displacement. Electrocardiogram (ECG)-synchronized ensemble averaging ICG (conventional method) partially mitigates these disturbances, as intra-subject variability (ISVar) morphology event latency remain. This paper describes an automated algorithm removing noisy beats improved...
Objective: We propose a MATLAB-based tool to convert electrocardiography (ECG) waveforms from paper-based ECG records into digitized signals that is vendor-agnostic. The packaged as an open source standalone graphical user interface (GUI) based application. Methods and procedures: To reach this objective we: (1) preprocess the records, which includes skew correction, background grid removal linear filtering; (2) segment using Connected Components Analysis (CCA); (3) implement Optical...
Abstract Post‐traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) has been associated with cardiovascular disease (CVD), but the mechanisms remain unclear. Autonomic dysfunction, higher CVD risk, may be triggered by acute PTSD symptoms. We hypothesized that a laboratory‐based trauma reminder challenge, which induces symptoms, provokes autonomic dysfunction in cohort of veteran twins. investigated PTSD‐associated real‐time physiologic changes simulation traumatic experiences twins listened to audio recordings...
Pituitary adenylate cyclase-activating peptide (PACAP) is a neuropeptide that plays key role in the neurobiology of stress response, and prior studies suggest its function dysregulated post-traumatic disorder (PTSD). Transcutaneous cervical vagus nerve stimulation (tcVNS) acts through PACAP other neurobiological systems to modulate responses and/or symptoms PTSD. In this pilot study, we examined effects tcVNS on three day chronic laboratory paradigm involving serial traumatic mental...
Abstract Pre‐ejection period (PEP), an indicator of sympathetic nervous system activity, is useful in psychophysiology and cardiovascular studies. Accurate PEP measurement challenging relies on robust identification the timing aortic valve opening, marked as B point impedance cardiogram (ICG) signals. The ICG sensitivity to noise its waveform's morphological variability makes automated detection difficult, requiring inefficient cumbersome expert visual annotation. In this article, we propose...
Background: Psychological stress disorders are twice as prevalent in women with ischemic heart disease compared to men. The disproportionate psychological health experience of these is not well understood. objective this study was examine whether neighborhood social factors associated disparities by gender. Materials and Methods: We studied 286 patients recruited from Emory-based hospitals the Myocardial Infarction Mental Stress 2 Study (n = 286). A global measure distress calculated taking...
Abstract Post‐traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) is an independent risk factor for incident heart failure, but the underlying cardiac mechanisms remained elusive. Impedance cardiography (ICG), especially when measured during stress, can help understand psychophysiological pathways linking PTSD with failure. We investigated association between and ICG‐based contractility metrics (pre‐ejection period (PEP) Heather index (HI)) using a controlled twin study design laboratory‐based traumatic...
Greater psychological distress is associated with cognitive impairment in healthy adults. Whether such associations also exist patients coronary artery disease (CAD) uncertain. We assessed function 496 individuals CAD using the verbal and visual memory subtests of Wechsler Memory Scale executive functioning measured by Trail Making Test Parts A B. used a composite score derived through summation Z-transformed symptom scales (depression, posttraumatic stress, anxiety, anger, hostility...
Abstract Pre‐ejection period (PEP) is an index of sympathetic nervous system activity that can be computed from electrocardiogram (ECG) and impedance cardiogram (ICG) signals, but sensitive to speech/motion artifact. We sought validate ICG noise removal method, three‐stage ensemble‐average algorithm (TEA), in data acquired a clinical trial comparing active versus sham non‐invasive vagal nerve stimulation (tcVNS) after standardized speech stress. first compared TEA's performance the standard...
Introduction: Mental stress-induced myocardial ischemia (MSI) is a risk marker for adverse outcomes among coronary artery disease (CAD) that more prevalent patients with posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD). Hypothesis: CAD PTSD who develop MSI experience higher of cardiovascular events compared those do not MSI. Methods: We studied 995 individuals stable participated in two contemporary cohort studies similar protocols, the Stress Ischemia Prognosis Study (MIPS), and Myocardial Infarction...
Introduction: Microvascular dysfunction during acute mental stress may be an important determinant of major adverse cardiovascular outcomes (MACE) especially among middle-aged women survivors myocardial infarction (MI). Hypothesis: There are sex differences in the association between microvascular and MACE. Methods: The Myocardial Infarction Mental Stress Study 2 enrolled individuals who had been hospitalized for MI past 8 months at age 60 years or younger, with oversampling women. Reactive...
Background: Early-life traumatic experiences have been associated with increased cardiovascular disease risk. Little is known about how early-life may affect changes in autonomic function during mental stress among young subjects post-MI. Objective: We hypothesized that those high exposure to trauma, compared low would dysfunction at baseline, worse reactivity, and slower recovery. Methods: evaluated 321 a history of recent myocardial infarction who underwent laboratory-based speech task....
Introduction: Young and middle-aged women with ischemic heart disease are a high-risk group for morbidity mortality particularly after myocardial infarction (MI). This exhibits higher concentrations of the inflammatory cytokine interleukin-6 (IL-6) at baseline in response to mental stress compared men. The reasons these differences unknown; however, sex hormones may play role. While testosterone has been shown have anti-inflammatory effects among men; role on cytokines understudied, no...