Abstract Phosphorus, in its orthophosphate form (Pi), is one of the most limiting macronutrients soils for plant growth and development. However, whole-genome molecular mechanisms contributing to acclimation Pi deficiency remain largely unknown. White lupin (Lupinus albus) has evolved unique adaptations Pi-deficient soils, including development cluster roots increase root surface area. In this study, we utilized RNA-Seq technology assess global gene expression white roots, normal leaves...

Common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris) is grown throughout the world and comprises roughly 50% of grain legumes consumed worldwide. Despite this, genetic resources for common beans have been lacking. Next generation sequencing, has facilitated our investigation gene expression profiles associated with biologically important traits in bean. An increased understanding will improve patterns other legume species.Combining recently developed genomic Phaseolus vulgaris, including predicted calls,...

Alfalfa (Medicago sativa L.) is the primary forage legume crop species in United States and plays essential economic ecological roles agricultural systems across country. Modern alfalfa result of hybridization between tetraploid M. ssp. falcata. Due to its large complex genome, there are few genomic resources available for improvement.A de novo transcriptome assembly from two subspecies, (B47) falcata (F56) was developed using Illumina RNA-seq technology. Transcripts roots, nitrogen-fixing...

We report a root system architecture (RSA) traits examination of larger scale soybean accession set to study trait genetic diversity. Suffering from the limitation scale, scope, and susceptibility measurement variation, RSA are tedious phenotype. Combining 35,448 SNPs with an imaging phenotyping platform, 292 accessions ( <mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" overflow="scroll"> <mml:mtext>replications</mml:mtext> <mml:mo>=</mml:mo> <mml:mn>14</mml:mn> </mml:math> ) were...

Abstract Background Iron is one of fourteen mineral elements required for proper plant growth and development soybean ( Glycine max L. Merr.). Soybeans grown on calcareous soils, which are prevalent in the upper Midwest United States, often exhibit symptoms indicative iron deficiency chlorosis (IDC). Yield loss has a positive linear correlation with increasing severity chlorotic symptoms. As an important agronomic crop, it essential to understand genetics physiology traits affecting yield....

Rpp4 (Resistance to Phakopsora pachyrhizi 4) confers resistance Sydow, the causal agent of Asian soybean rust (ASR). By combining expression profiling and virus induced gene silencing (VIGS), we are developing a genetic framework for Rpp4-mediated resistance. We measured in mock-inoculated P. pachyrhizi-infected leaves resistant accession PI459025B (Rpp4) susceptible cultivar (Williams 82) across 12-day time course. Unexpectedly, two biphasic responses were identified. In incompatible...

The plant circadian clock evolved to increase fitness by synchronizing physiological processes with environmental oscillations. Crop was artificially selected through domestication and breeding, the identified both natural artificial selections as a key improved fitness. Despite progress in Arabidopsis , our understanding of crop is still limited, impeding its rational improvement for enhanced To unveil interactions between various cues, we comprehensively mapped abiotic stress inputs...

Abstract Background Iron (Fe) is an essential micronutrient for plant growth and development. deficiency chlorosis (IDC), caused by calcareous soils or high soil pH, can limit iron availability, negatively affecting soybean ( Glycine max ) yield. This study leverages genome-wide association (GWAS) a epistatic (GWES) with previous gene expression studies to identify regions of the genome important in tolerance. Results A GWAS GWES were performed using 460 diverse PI lines from 27 countries,...

Abstract Background Mung bean ( Vigna radiata (L.) Wilczek), is an important pulse crop in the global south. Early flowering and maturation are advantageous traits for adaptation to northern southern latitudes. This study investigates genetic basis of Days-to-Flowering trait (DTF) mung bean, combining genome-wide association studies (GWAS) comparisons with orthologous genes involved control DTF responses soybean Glycine max (L) Merr) Arabidopsis thaliana ). Results The most significant...

Abstract Background Soybeans grown in the upper Midwestern United States often suffer from iron deficiency chlorosis, which results yield loss at end of season. To better understand effect availability on soybean yield, we identified genes two near isogenic lines with changes expression patterns when plants were sufficient and deficient conditions. Results Transcriptional profiles ( Glycine max , L. Merr) Clark (PI548553, efficient) IsoClark (PI547430, inefficient) under Fe-sufficient...

Three adjacent and distinct sequence rearrangements were identified at a NAP1 locus in soybean mutant. Genetic dissection validation revealed the function of this gene trichome development. A (Glycine max (L.) Merr.) gnarled mutant, exhibiting stunted trichomes compared to wild-type, was fast neutron mutant population. mapping using whole genome sequencing-based bulked segregant analysis 26.6 megabase interval on chromosome 20 that co-segregated with phenotype. Comparative genomic...

Nutrient deficiencies limit growth and yield in many different crop species. The calcareous soils the upper Midwestern United States favor development of iron deficiency chlorosis (IDC) soybean (Glycine max L. Merr.). Even minor symptoms result end season loss. To identify molecular pathways networks underlying tolerance to stress soybean, we leveraged two near isogenic lines (Clark Isoclark) that differ their stress. Clark Isoclark were grown hydroponics one three treatments: sufficient...

Iron deficiency chlorosis (IDC) is a form of abiotic stress that negatively impacts soybean yield. In previous study, we demonstrated the historical IDC quantitative trait locus (QTL) on chromosome Gm03 was composed four distinct linkage blocks, each containing candidate genes for tolerance. Here, take advantage virus-induced gene silencing (VIGS) to validate function three high-priority genes, corresponding different block in QTL. We built single-gene constructs target GmGLU1 ( GLUTAMATE...

Abstract Near-isogenic lines (NILs) are valuable genetic resources for many crop species, including soybean (Glycine max). The development of new molecular platforms promises to accelerate the mapping introgressions in these materials. Here, we compare some existing and emerging methodologies introgression mapping: single-feature polymorphism analysis, Illumina GoldenGate single nucleotide (SNP) genotyping, de novo SNP discovery via RNA-Seq analysis next-generation sequence data. We used...

In soybean [Glycine max (L.) Merr.], iron deficiency results in interveinal chlorosis and decreased photosynthetic capacity, leading to stunting yield loss. this study, gene expression analyses investigated the role of replication protein A (RPA) subunits during stress. Nine RPA homologs were significantly differentially expressed response stress near isogenic lines (NILs) Clark (iron efficient) Isoclark inefficient). exhibited opposing patterns two NILs, with repressed but induced Isoclark....

Abstract Preserving crop yield is critical for US soybean production and the global economy. Crop species have been selected increased thousands of years with individual lines improved performance in unique environments, constraints not experienced by model such as Arabidopsis . This selection likely resulted novel stress adaptations, to species. Given that iron deficiency a perennial problem growing regions USA phosphate looms limitation agricultural production, nutrient studies are...

Waterhemp (Amaranthus tuberculatus (Moq.) J.D. Sauer) is a problem weed commonly found in the Midwestern United States that can cause crippling yield losses for both maize (Zea mays L.) and soybean (Glycine max L. Merr). In 2011, 4-hydroxyphenylpyruvate-dioxygenase (HPPD, EC 1.13.11.27) inhibitor herbicide resistance was first reported two waterhemp populations. Since discovery of HPPD-herbicide resistance, studies have identified mechanism described inheritance resistance. However, no...

Alfalfa (Medicago sativa L.) is a widely adapted perennial forage crop that has high biomass production potential. Enhanced cellulose content in alfalfa stems would increase the value of as bioenergy feedstock. We examined if increased expression sucrose synthase (SUS; EC 2.4.1.13) stem cell walls. plants were transformed with truncated phosphoenolpyruvate carboxylase gene promoter (PEPC7-P4) fused to an nodule-enhanced SUS cDNA (MsSUS1) or β-glucuronidase (GUS) gene. Strong GUS was detected...

A small fast neutron (FN) mutant population has been established from Phaseolus vulgaris cv. Red Hawk. We leveraged the available P. genome sequence and high throughput next generation DNA sequencing to examine genomic structure of five Hawk FN mutants with striking visual phenotypes. Analysis these genomes identified three classes structural variation (SV); between cultivar variation, natural within population, induced mutagenesis. Our analyses focused on latter two classes. 23 large...

Abstract Virus‐induced gene silencing (VIGS) is a powerful and rapid approach for determining the functions of plant genes. The basis VIGS that viral genome engineered so it can carry fragments genes, typically in 200 to 300 base pair size range. recombinant viruses are used infect experimental plants, wherever virus invades, target or genes will be silenced. thus transient, span few weeks, possible design constructs then generate loss‐of‐function phenotypes through RNA In soybean (Glycine...

Throughout the growing season, crops experience a multitude of short periods various abiotic stresses. These stress events have long-term impacts on plant performance and yield. It is imperative to improve our understanding genes biological processes underlying tolerance mitigate end season yield loss. The majority studies examining transcriptional changes induced by focus single events. Few been performed in model or crop species examine responses plants exposed repeated sequential...

Iron deficiency chlorosis (IDC) is an abiotic stress that negatively affects soybean (Glycine max [L.] Merr.) production. Much of our knowledge IDC responses derived from model plant species. Gene expression, quantitative trait loci (QTL) mapping, and genome-wide association studies (GWAS) performed in suggest response differences exist between crop Our current understanding the molecular to soybeans largely gene expression using near-isogenic lines differing iron efficiency. To improve...

Iron deficiency chlorosis (IDC) is a global crop production problem, significantly impacting yield. However, most IDC studies have focused on model species, not agronomically important crops. Soybean the second largest grown in United States, yet calcareous soils across of upper U.S. Midwest limit soybean growth and profitability. To understand early iron stress responses, we conducted whole genome expression analyses (RNA-sequencing) leaf root tissue from efficient (Glycine max) cultivar...