Technologies capable of noninvasively sampling different locations in the gut upstream colon enable new insights into role organ‐specific microbiota human health. Herein, an ingestible, biocompatible, battery‐less, 3D‐printed microengineered pill with integrated osmotic sampler and microfluidic channels for vivo lumen its microbiome is discussed. The pill's performance characterized using realistic vitro models validated pigs primates. results show that bacterial populations recovered from...

Fecal microbial transplantation (FMT), a treatment for certain gastrointestinal conditions associated with dysbiosis in people, is also empirically employed horses colitis. This study used microbiota high-throughput sequencing to compare the fecal profile of healthy that geriatric transplant recipients experiencing diarrhea and tested whether FMT restores diversity.

Abstract Background The microorganisms populating the gastro-intestinal tract of vertebrates, collectively known as “microbiota”, play an essential role in digestion and are important regulating immune response. Whereas intestinal microbiota humans model organisms has been studied for many years, much less is about wild animals. Results relatively large number raptors admitted to Tufts Wildlife Clinic on Cummings School Veterinary Medicine at University campus provided a unique opportunity...

Background and aims Fecal microbial transplantation (FMT) is empirically implemented in horses with colitis to facilitate resolution of diarrhea. The purpose this study was assess FMT as a clinical treatment modulator fecal microbiota hospitalized colitis. Methods A total 22 moderate severe diarrhea, consistent diagnosis colitis, were enrolled at two referral hospitals (L1: n = 12; L2: 10). performed all 12 patients on 3 consecutive days L1, while L2 consisted standard care without FMT....

Cryptosporidiosis, a leading cause of diarrhea among infants, is caused by apicomplexan parasites classified in the genus Cryptosporidium The lack effective drugs motivating research to develop alternative treatments. With this aim, impact probiotics on course cryptosporidiosis was investigated. native intestinal microbiota specific pathogen-free immunosuppressed mice initially depleted with orally administered antibiotics. A commercially available probiotic product intended for human...

The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence and risk factors main enteric parasitic infections that affect children dogs in municipality Ilhéus, Bahia, Brazil; identify geopolitical areas should receive priority interventions combat them. Between March November 2016, fecal samples 143 193 aged 1 month 5 years were collected 40 rural semirural communities using a systematic sampling approach, stratified by district. Samples legal guardians / or dog owners. Eggs, larvae, cysts...

Cryptosporidiosis is one of the leading causes diarrhea in humans and several other vertebrate species. Because surveys Cryptosporidium genotypes from animals living same region are rare, our understanding importance zoonotic transmission epidemiology cryptosporidiosis remains superficial. PCR was used to amplify a portion 18S small subunit ribosomal RNA gene fecal DNA livestock Ekiti Oyo states, Nigeria. PCR-positive samples were further analyzed using targeting heat-shock protein HSP-70,...

An ingestible lab-on-a-pill device capable of sampling the gut microbiome in vivo is shown, as described article number 1900053 by Sameer R. Sonkusale and co-workers. The uses an osmotic pump to acquire sample embedded microfluidic channels. It operates without a battery or any electronic components. A magnet enables tracking spatial localization. Detailed studies pigs primates validate performance pill.

Based on our initial observations showing that mice consuming a probiotic product develop more severe cryptosporidiosis, we investigated the impact of other dietary interventions intracellular proliferation Cryptosporidium parvum and C. tyzzeri in mouse. Mice were orally infected with oocysts parasite multiplication measured by quantifying fecal oocyst output. High-throughput sequencing 16S ribosomal RNA amplicons was used to correlate output diet composition intestinal microbiota. On...

Cockatiels (Nymphicus hollandicus) are among the most commonly sold psittacines pets. The aim of this study was to evaluate occurrence Cryptosporidium spp. in domestic N. hollandicus and identify risk factors for infection. We collected fecal samples from 100 cockatiels city Araçatuba, São Paulo, Brazil. Feces birds both genders older than two months were collected. Owners asked complete a questionnaire how they handle care their birds. Based on nested PCR targeting 18S rRNA gene, prevalence...

Canine monocytic ehrlichiosis (CME) is a disease caused by the obligate intracellular bacterium Ehrlichia canis. Tropical lineages of Rhipicephalus sanguineus ticks play an essential role in transmission this pathogen. The aim present study was to evaluate prevalence E. canis DNA tissue from R. areas endemic for CME Brazil and quantify levels dissected tissues these samples. A total 720 were collected 72 dogs (36 city Araçatuba São Paulo state 36 Campo Grande Mato Grosso do Sul). Ticks...

Cryptosporidiosis was shown a decade ago to be major contributor morbidity and mortality of diarrheal disease in children low-income countries. A serious obstacle develop evaluate immunogens vaccines control this is the lack well-characterized immunocompetent rodent models. Here, we optimized compared two mouse models for evaluation vaccines: Cryptosporidium tyzzeri model, which convenient screening large numbers potential mixtures immunogens, parvum-infected pretreated with interferon...

Abstract Diagnosis is crucial for controlling giardiasis. We determined the prevalence and genetically characterize isolates of Giardia duodenalis children dogs from rural communities in northeastern Brazil. G. cysts were concentrated by centrifugal flotation/sedimentation. Molecular characterization was carried out using loci ssu-rRNA, bg, tpi, gdh. By parasitological techniques, spp. infection detected 72/192 (37.5%; 95% CI: 30.6%-44.7%) 24/139 (17.3%; 11.4%-24.6%). molecular analysis,...

We performed molecular characterization of Giardia duodenalis in buffalo calves from the Southwest region São Paulo State, Brazil. A total 183 fecal samples Murrah breed buffaloes up to six months age were collected. examined these by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) targeting small-subunit ribosomal RNA gene and positive characterized using additional PCR assays a portion beta-giardin, glutamate dehydrogenase triose-phosphate isomerase genes. Based on SSU rRNA nPCR, presence G. was confirmed...

This study investigated the occurrence of Giardia duodenalis and Cryptosporidium spp. in rodents marsupials from Atlantic Forest southern Bahia, northeastern Brazil. Two hundred four fecal samples were collected different forest areas municipalities Ilhéus, Una, Belmonte, Mascote. Identifications performed using PCR nested followed by sequencing gdh tpi genes for G . , gp60 Hsp-70 The total frequency positive both was 5.4% (11/204). occurred 2.94% (4/136) (2/68) marsupials. prevalence 1.47%...

Cryptosporidiosis is a waterborne disease, has as aggravating the difficulty of preventing environmental contamination and lack effective therapeutic measures. With marked importance to cattle, causes inflammation intestinal villous atrophy resulting in loss absorptive surface. This study aimed perform molecular characterization Cryptosporidium spp. calves city Formiga, Minas Gerais. A total 300 faeces samples from Holstein calves, Nelore indefinite breed, both healthy, were evaluated by...

Abstract Technologies capable of non-invasively sampling different locations in the gut upstream colon will enable new insights into role organ-specific microbiota human health. We present an ingestible, biocompatible, battery-less, 3D-printed micro-engineered pill with integrated osmotic sampler and microfluidic channels for vivo lumen its microbiome colon. The pill’s performance was characterized using realistic vitro models validated pigs primates. Our results show that bacterial...

Flying pigeons (Columbia livia) are extensively studied for their physical endurance and superior sense of orientation. The extreme which these birds capable creates a unique opportunity to investigate the possible impact long-distance flying on taxonomy metabolic function gut microbiota. This project was enabled by access two groups raised same breeder in conditions, except that one group trained participated multiple races covering total distance over 2600 km 9-week period. In contrast,...

Laboratory diagnosis of Schistosoma mansoni eggs is routinely performed by conventional quantitative techniques through the parasitological examination human faeces. However, diagnostic sensitivity this type exam varies from low to moderate. We aimed develop a new technique called TF-Test Quantified (TFT-Quant), for detection S. in faeces.Four study stages were using 43 mice infected cercariae. These experiments allowed definition an operational protocol TFT-Quant and comparison Helm-Teste...

Cryptosporidium parasites infecting horses are distributed worldwide.The reported prevalence of equine cryptosporidiosis is quite variable, ranging from 0% to 37.8%.According the literature, can become infected with various species, including parvum, hominis, muris, horse genotype, tyzzeri, and andersoni.Here we review literature on dating back 1978.Because possibility human parasite hominis horses, examined phylogeny small subunit ribosomal RNA GP60 genes isolated found evidence caused by...