A5007184945- Muscle activation and electromyography studies
- EEG and Brain-Computer Interfaces
- Neuroscience and Neural Engineering
- Motor Control and Adaptation
- Spinal Cord Injury Research
- Stroke Rehabilitation and Recovery
- Nerve Injury and Rehabilitation
- Balance, Gait, and Falls Prevention
- Sports Performance and Training
- Tactile and Sensory Interactions
- Cerebral Palsy and Movement Disorders
- Neural dynamics and brain function
- Advanced Sensor and Energy Harvesting Materials
- Prosthetics and Rehabilitation Robotics
- Mechanics and Biomechanics Studies
- Gaze Tracking and Assistive Technology
- Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation Studies
- Shoulder Injury and Treatment
- Neural and Behavioral Psychology Studies
- Musculoskeletal pain and rehabilitation
- Orthopaedic implants and arthroplasty
- Biomedical and Engineering Education
- Force Microscopy Techniques and Applications
- Quality and Safety in Healthcare
- Electric Power Systems and Control
Case Western Reserve University
2015-2024
Louis Stokes Cleveland VA Medical Center
2014-2023
University Hospitals Cleveland Medical Center
2009-2023
Harvard University
2023
Massachusetts General Hospital
2023
Indiana University School of Medicine
2023
Cleveland FES Center
2009-2020
Rehabilitation Research and Development Service
2004-2019
University School
2009-2018
Neurological Surgery
2017-2018
We investigated the performance of three user interfaces for restoration cursor control in individuals with tetraplegia: head orientation, electromyography (EMG) from face and neck muscles, a standard computer mouse (for comparison). Subjects engaged 2-D, center-out, Fitts' Law style task was evaluated using several measures. Overall, orientation commanded motion resembled (smooth, accurate movements to all targets), although somewhat lower performance. EMG exhibited higher average speed,...
Loss of hand use is considered by many spinal cord injury survivors to be the most devastating consequence their injury. Functional electrical stimulation (FES) forearm and muscles has been used provide basic, voluntary grasp hundreds human patients. Current approaches typically grade pre-programmed patterns muscle activation using simple control signals, such as those derived from residual movement or activity. However, fixed limits function few tasks programmed into controller. In...
Nine spiral nerve cuff electrodes were implanted in two human subjects for up to three years with no adverse functional effects. The objective of this study was look at the long term and muscle response stimulation through electrodes. conduction velocity remained within clinically accepted range entire testing period. thresholds stabilized after approximately 20 weeks. variability activation over time not different from muscle-based used electrical systems. Three had multiple, independent...
Competing Financial Interests: Dr. Hochberg has a financial interest in Synchron Med, Inc., company developing minimally invasive implantable brain device that could help paralyzed patients achieve direct control of assisted technologies.Dr.
Speaking is a sensorimotor behavior whose neural basis difficult to study with single neuron resolution due the scarcity of human intracortical measurements. We used electrode arrays record from motor cortex ‘hand knob’ in two people tetraplegia, an area not previously implicated speech. Neurons modulated during speaking and non-speaking movements tongue, lips, jaw. This challenges whether conventional model ‘motor homunculus’ division by major body regions extends single-neuron scale....
<h3>Background and Objectives:</h3> Brain computer interfaces (BCIs) are being developed to restore mobility, communication, functional independence people with paralysis. Though supported by decades of preclinical data, the safety chronically implanted microelectrode array BCIs in humans is unknown. We report results from prospective, open-label, non-randomized BrainGate feasibility study (NCT00912041), largest longest-running clinical trial an BCI. <h3>Methods:</h3> Adults aged 18-75...
The authors have evaluated the ability of a time-delayed artificial neural network (TDANN) to predict shoulder and elbow motions using only electromyographic (EMG) signals recorded from six muscles as inputs, both in able-bodied subjects with tetraplegia arising C5 spinal cord injury. For subjects, all four joint angles (elbow flexion-extension shoulder-horizontal flexion-extension, elevation depression, internal-external rotation) were predicted average root-mean-square (rms) errors less...
Continuous stochastic position perturbations are an attractive alternative to transient in muscle and reflex studies because they allow efficient characterization of system properties. However, the relevance results obtained from remains unclear may induce a state change The authors addressed this concern by comparing force stiffness responses isolated muscles decerebrate cat elicited those evoked "step" stretches similar amplitudes. Muscle during was found be predominantly linear elastic...
Functional electrical stimulation (FES), the coordinated activation of multiple muscles, has been used to restore arm and hand function in people with paralysis. User interfaces for such systems typically derive commands from mechanically unrelated parts body retained volitional control, are unnatural unable simultaneously command various joints arm. Neural interface systems, based on spiking intracortical signals recorded area motor cortex, have shown ability control computer cursors,...
Neuroprostheses can be used to restore movement of the upper limb in individuals with high-level spinal cord injury. Development and evaluation command control schemes for such devices typically require real-time, "patient-in-the-loop" experimentation. A 3-D, musculoskeletal model has been developed use a simulation environment allow testing carried out noninvasively. The provides real-time feedback human arm dynamics that displayed user virtual reality environment. 3-DOF glenohumeral joint...
A functional electrical stimulation controller is presented that uses a combination of feedforward and feedback for arm control in high-level injury. The generates the muscle activations nominally required desired movements, corrects errors caused by fatigue external disturbances. an artificial neural network (ANN) which approximates inverse dynamics arm. loop includes PID series with second ANN representing nonlinear properties biomechanical interactions muscles joints. was designed tested...
Upper-limb amputation can cause a great deal of functional impairment for patients, particularly those with at or above the elbow. Our long-term objective is to improve outcomes patients by integrating fully implanted electromyographic (EMG) recording system wireless telemetry that communicates patient's prosthesis. We believe this should generate scheme will allow robustly control multiple degrees freedom simultaneously. The goal study evaluate feasibility predicting dynamic arm movements...
Electrical stimulation is a promising technology for the restoration of arm function in paralyzed individuals. Control under electrical stimulation, however, challenging problem that requires advanced controllers and command interfaces user. A real-time model describing complex dynamics would allow user-in-the-loop type experiments where interface controller could be assessed. Real-time models previously described have not included ability to independently controlled scapula clavicle,...
When we interact with objects, rely on signals from the hand that convey information about object and our interaction it. A basic feature of these interactions, locations contacts between object, is often only available via sense touch. Information contact a brain-controlled bionic an can be signaled intracortical microstimulation (ICMS) somatosensory cortex (S1), which evokes touch sensations are localized to specific patch skin. To provide intuitive location information, tactile sensors...
Over the past two decades Biomedical Engineering has emerged as a major discipline that bridges societal needs of human health care with development novel technologies. Every medical institution is now equipped at varying degrees sophistication ability to monitor in both non-invasive and invasive modes. The multiple scales which physiology can be interrogated provide profound perspective on disease. We are nexus creating "avatars" (herein defined an extension "digital twins")...
The goals of this study were to determine the degree which subjects could voluntarily modulate static endpoint stiffness orientation and quantify effects simultaneously generated voluntary forces on ability. Static stiffness, characterizes relationship between externally imposed displacements hand elastic in response, was estimated real time during application planar, stochastic perturbations position. This estimation accomplished using a real-time parametric identification algorithm...
We have investigated the role of reflex regulation muscle force in normal human subjects by comparing changes stretch-evoked increments elbow joint flexor electromyogram (EMG) and torque before after fatigue. Elbow fatigue was induced repetitive voluntary isometric contractions. To assess appropriateness EMG signal as an index neural excitation under fatiguing conditions, we examined time course recovery power spectrum following Fatigue-related spectra recovered within 5–10 min exercise...
Functional Electrical Stimulation (FES) employs neuroprostheses to apply electrical current the nerves and muscles of individuals paralyzed by spinal cord injury restore voluntary movement. Neuroprosthesis controllers calculate stimulation patterns produce desired actions. To date, no existing controller is able efficiently adapt its control strategy wide range possible physiological arm characteristics, reaching movements, user preferences that vary over time. Reinforcement learning (RL) a...
Inertial and magnetic sensors are valuable for untethered, self-contained human movement analysis. Very recently, complete integration of inertial sensors, processing into single packages, has resulted in miniature, low power devices that could feasibly be employed an implantable motion capture system. We developed a wearable sensor system based on commercially available system-in-package sensor. characterized the accuracy measuring 3-D orientation-with without magnetometer-based heading...