A5053272505- Philosophy and History of Science
- Epistemology, Ethics, and Metaphysics
- Psychology of Moral and Emotional Judgment
- Decision-Making and Behavioral Economics
- Ethics in medical practice
- Educational Strategies and Epistemologies
- Patient Dignity and Privacy
- Mental Health and Psychiatry
- Autism Spectrum Disorder Research
- Child and Animal Learning Development
- Ethics and Legal Issues in Pediatric Healthcare
- Education and Critical Thinking Development
- Ethics in Clinical Research
- Embodied and Extended Cognition
- Aging and Gerontology Research
- Patient-Provider Communication in Healthcare
- Philosophy and Theoretical Science
- Explainable Artificial Intelligence (XAI)
- Misinformation and Its Impacts
- Cultural Differences and Values
- Cognitive Science and Education Research
- Computability, Logic, AI Algorithms
- Deception detection and forensic psychology
- Feminist Epistemology and Gender Studies
- Clinical Reasoning and Diagnostic Skills
University of Pittsburgh
2017-2024
University of California, Berkeley
2014-2017
The Ohio State University
2011-2014
This paper has both theoretical and practical ambitions. The ambitions are to explore what would constitute effective ethical treatment of Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD). However, the ambition is perhaps more important: we argue that a dominant form Applied Behavior Analysis (ABA), which widely taken be far-and-away best “treatment” for ASD, manifests systematic violations fundamental tenets bioethics. Moreover, supposed benefits not only fail mitigate these violations, but often exacerbate...
Abstract Wisdom is the hallmark of social judgment, but how people across cultures recognize wisdom remains unclear—distinct philosophical traditions suggest different views wisdom’s cardinal features. We explore perception wise minds 16 socio-economically and culturally diverse convenience samples from 12 countries. Participants assessed exemplars, non-exemplars, themselves on 19 socio-cognitive characteristics, subsequently rating targets’ wisdom, knowledge, understanding. Analyses reveal...
For scientific theories grounded in empirical data, replicability is a core principle, for at least two reasons. First, unless we accept to have rest on the authority of small number researchers, studies should be replicable, sense that its methods and procedure detailed enough someone else conduct same study. Second, results provide solid foundation theorizing, they also most attempts replicating original study produced them would yield similar results. The XPhi Replicability Project...
We investigated the universality versus cultural specificity of preferences for internal decision-making strategies (intuition/deliberation) over external (advice from friends or crowds). Participants samples spanning five continents (N=3,517), including Indigenous communities, considered scenarios involving personal and social decision-making. Across cultures, most participants preferred felt better using strategies, although they believed their peers would seek advice, revealing a...
We provide two programmatic frameworks for integrating philosophical research on understanding with complementary work in computer science, psychology, and neuroscience. First, theories of have consequences about how agents should reason if they are to understand that can then be evaluated empirically by their concordance findings scientific studies reasoning. Second, these use a multitude explanations, theory is well suited explanations illuminating ways.
Abstract Philosophers have argued that stakes affect knowledge: a given amount of evidence may suffice for knowledge if the are low, but not high. By contrast, empirical work on influence ordinary ascriptions has been divided along methodological lines: “evidence‐fixed” prompts rarely find effects, while “evidence‐seeking” consistently them. We present cross‐cultural study using both evidence‐fixed and evidence‐seeking with diverse sample 17 populations in 11 countries, speaking 14...
Autism research frequently seeks to evaluate interventions or inform their development. Unfortunately, researchers often assume that autism intervention should reduce autistic traits, effectively setting as a goal of treatment people attempt "pass" nonautistic. A growing body evidence highlights serious potential harms from passing demands. We discuss why it is important for institutional review boards (IRBs) scrutinize clinical demands, and we document the existence such demands in outcome...
Abstract Metaphors are found all throughout science: in published papers, working hypotheses, policy documents, lecture slides, grant proposals, and press releases. They serve different functions, but perhaps most striking is the way they enable understanding, of a theory, phenomenon, or idea. In this paper, we leverage recent advances on nature metaphor understanding to explore how accomplish feat. We attempt shift focus away from epistemic value content metaphors, metaphor’s consequences....
Abstract As a strategy for exploring the relationship between understanding and knowledge, we consider whether epistemic luck – which is typically thought to undermine knowledge undermines understanding. Questions about etiology of have also been at heart recent theoretical debates within epistemology. Kvanvig (2003) put forward argument that there could be lucky produced an example he deemed persuasive. Grimm (2006) responded with case that, argued, demonstrated not In this paper,...