Being able to access software in daily life is vital for everyone, and thus accessibility a fundamental challenge development. However, given the number of issues reported by many users, e.g., app reviews, it not clear if widely integrated into current projects how address issues. In this article, we report study critical challenges benefits incorporating development design. We applied mixed qualitative quantitative approach gathering data from 15 interviews 365 survey respondents 26...

The rapid growth of software supply chain attacks has attracted considerable attention to bill materials (SBOM). SBOMs are a crucial building block ensure the transparency chains that helps improve security. Although there significant efforts from academia and industry facilitate SBOM development, it is still unclear how practitioners perceive what challenges adopting in practice. Furthermore, existing SBOM-related studies tend be ad-hoc lack engineering focuses. To bridge this gap, we...

Predictive models are one of the most important techniques that widely applied in many areas software engineering. There have been a large number primary studies apply predictive and present well-performed various research domains, including requirements, design development, testing debugging, maintenance. This article is first attempt to systematically organize knowledge this area by surveying body 421 papers on published between 2009 2020. We describe key approaches used, classify...

With the development of blockchain technology, smart contracts have become an important component applications. Despite their crucial role, may introduce vulnerabilities and potentially lead to severe consequences, such as financial losses. Meanwhile, large language models, represented by ChatGPT, gained great attentions, showcasing capabilities in code analysis tasks. In this paper, we presented empirical study investigate performance ChatGPT identifying contract vulnerabilities. Initially,...

In recent years, the pre-training, prompting and prediction paradigm, known as prompt-tuning, has achieved significant success in Natural Language Processing (NLP). Issue-commit Link Recovery (ILR) Software Traceability (ST) plays an important role improving reliability, quality, security of software systems. The current ILR methods convert into a classification task using pre-trained language models (PLMs) dedicated neural networks. these do not fully utilize semantic information embedded...

How organs maintain and restore functional integrity during ordinary tissue turnover or following injury represents a central biological problem. The maintenance of taste sensory in the tongue was shown 140 years ago to depend on innervation from distant ganglion neurons, but underlying mechanism has remained unknown. Here, we show that Sonic hedgehog (Shh), which encodes secreted protein signal, is expressed these experimental ablation neuronal Shh expression causes loss receptor cells...

Gut microbiota is becoming one of the key determinants in human health and disease. Shifts gut composition affect cognitive function provide new insights for prevention treatment neurological diseases. Diabetes-associated decline (DACD) central nervous system complications type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). ZiBuPiYin recipe (ZBPYR), a traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) formula, has long been used T2DM DACD. However, contribution ZBPYR to interaction between metabolism preventing treating DACD...

Architectural design contexts contain a set of factors that greatly influence software application development. Among them, organizational consist high-level company concerns and how it is structured, for example, stakeholders development schedules heavily impacting considerations. The Decentralized Autonomous Organization (DAO), as vital concept in the Web3 space, represents an organization constructed by automatically executed rules, such via smart contracts, holding features...

Web3, the next generation of Internet, represents a decentralized and democratized web. Although it has garnered significant public interest found numerous real-world applications, there is limited understanding people's perceptions experiences with Web3. In this study, we conducted an empirical study to investigate categories Web3 applications their popularity, as well potential challenges opportunities within emerging landscape. Our research was carried out in two phases. first phase,...

Lupeol, a dietary triterpene present in many fruits and medicinal plants, has been reported to possess pharmacological properties including anticancer effect vitro vivo However, the activity of lupeol against osteosarcoma remains unclear. The study is conducted investigate underlying mechanisms on human cells (MNNG/HOS MG-63) MNNG/HOS MG-63 were treated by subjected methyl thiazolyl tetrazolium analysis, Hoechst staining, annexin V/propidium iodide double cell cycle Western blot analysis. In...

The increase of software supply chain threats has underscored the necessity for robust security mechanisms, among which Software Bill Materials (SBOM) stands out as a promising solution. SBOMs, by providing machine-readable inventory composition details, play crucial role in enhancing transparency and traceability within chains. This empirical study delves into practical challenges solutions associated with adoption SBOMs through an analysis 4,786 GitHub discussions across 510 SBOM-related...

The use of architecture and design patterns have impacts on the quality attributes a system, application depend contexts. There are complex interdependent relationships between them. In this study, we explore how developers with respect to concerns We extracted pattern related posts from Stack Overflow analyzed discussions. Our study reveals what contexts consider when using patterns, identified new previously unknown these elements. These findings can enhance developers' knowledge they attributes,

Oxymatrine (OMT), one of the main active components extracts from dry roots Sophora flavescens, has long been employed clinically to treat cancers. Here, we investigated synergistic effect OMT with 5-fluorouracil (5-Fu) on tumor growth inhibition hepatocellular carcinoma cells (HCC; Hep-G2 and SMMC-7721) explored underlying mechanism. Cells were treated and/or 5-Fu subjected cell viability, colony formation, apoptosis, cycle, western blotting, xenograft tumorigenicity assay,...

Cognitive impairment is a complication of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) that affects the central nervous system (CNS). Studies have shown chronic psychological stress may promote development T2DM into diabetes-associated cognitive decline (DACD). Previously, in was correlated predominantly with insulin resistance medial prefrontal cortex (mPFC).We examined effect ZiBuPiYin recipe (ZBPYR) on Zucker diabetic fatty (ZDF) rats and explored impact altered β-amyloid (Aβ) metabolism through...

Sphingomyelin synthase (SMS) plays an important role in plasma atherogenic lipoprotein metabolism, inflammation, and the development of atherosclerosis. To understand whether impaired apoB secretion inflammation response is a direct result from lack SMS activity, this study, we prepared series compounds that inhibit activity. Further, characterized Dy105, most potent inhibitor. We found Dy105 treatment significantly reduces SM levels SM-rich microdomain on cell membranes. Moreover,...

Oxymatrine, one of the main active components extracts from dry roots Sophora flavescens, has been reported to possess anticancer activities in vitro and vivo However, precise mechanism involved remains largely unknown. The present study is conducted investigate activity underlying mechanisms oxymatrine human hepatoma cells (Hep-G2 SMMC-7721) Hep-G2 SMMC-7721 were treated by subjected methyl thiazolyl tetrazolium analysis, Hoechst 33342 staining, annexin V/propidium iodide double reverse...

This paper provides a novel and efficient method for predicting potential customer churn from imbalanced data set of Orange Telecom UCI. Customer is always rare event, but it necessary to be paid attention. The main intended contribution this apply binary logistic regression model (LRM), which seldom used in the problem prediction. parameters estimated gathered with serious imbalance, therefore we take stratified sampling method, improve traditional methods. experimental results show that...