A5046579858- HIV Research and Treatment
- HIV-related health complications and treatments
- Neuroinflammation and Neurodegeneration Mechanisms
- Mosquito-borne diseases and control
- Atherosclerosis and Cardiovascular Diseases
- CRISPR and Genetic Engineering
- Cytomegalovirus and herpesvirus research
- HIV/AIDS Research and Interventions
- SARS-CoV-2 detection and testing
- Bone and Dental Protein Studies
- Nerve injury and regeneration
- Adipokines, Inflammation, and Metabolic Diseases
- HIV/AIDS drug development and treatment
- Autoimmune and Inflammatory Disorders Research
- Peripheral Neuropathies and Disorders
- Viral Infections and Immunology Research
- Cardiovascular Disease and Adiposity
- Neurobiology and Insect Physiology Research
- Kawasaki Disease and Coronary Complications
- Inflammasome and immune disorders
- Botulinum Toxin and Related Neurological Disorders
- Pain Mechanisms and Treatments
- Immune cells in cancer
- Peroxisome Proliferator-Activated Receptors
- Nanocluster Synthesis and Applications
Temple University
2017-2023
Temple College
2020
Boston College
2015-2016
Abstract Elimination of HIV-1 requires clearance and removal integrated proviral DNA from infected cells tissues. Here, sequential long-acting slow-effective release antiviral therapy (LASER ART) CRISPR-Cas9 demonstrate viral in latent infectious reservoirs humanized mice. subgenomic fragments, spanning the long terminal repeats Gag gene, are excised vivo, resulting elimination DNA; virus is not detected blood, lymphoid tissue, bone marrow brain by nested digital-droplet PCR as well RNAscope...
Abstract Elimination of HIV DNA from infected individuals remains a challenge in medicine. Here, we demonstrate that intravenous inoculation SIV-infected macaques, well-accepted non-human primate model infection, with adeno-associated virus 9 (AAV9)-CRISPR/Cas9 gene editing construct designed for eliminating proviral SIV DNA, leads to broad distribution molecules and precise cleavage removal fragments the integrated genome blood cells tissues known be viral reservoirs including lymph nodes,...
The prevalence of the most severe forms HIV-associated neurocognitive disorders (HAND) is decreasing due to worldwide availability and high efficacy antiretroviral treatment (ART). However, several grades HIV-related cognitive impairment persist with effective ART remain a clinical concern for people HIV (PWH). pathogenesis these impairments has yet be fully understood probably multifactorial. In PWH undetectable peripheral HIV-RNA, presence viral escapes in cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) might...
Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) imparts increased heart failure risk to women. Among women with HIV (WHIV), immune pathways relating precursors may intimate targets for prevention strategies. Twenty asymptomatic, antiretroviral-treated WHIV and 14 non-HIV-infected matched on age body mass index underwent cardiac magnetic resonance imaging phenotyping. (vs women) exhibited myocardial fibrosis (extracellular volume fraction, 0.34 ± 0.06 vs 0.29 0.04; P = .002), reduced diastolic function...
Intestinal fatty acid binding protein (I-FABP) has been shown to be a marker of intestinal damage among people living with HIV. We hypothesized that I-FABP would increased in chronically HIV-infected patents more than elite controllers and relate specific nutrient intake body composition.In an observational study, serum was measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Anthropometric measurements, dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry, single-slice abdominal computed tomography were obtained...
Atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ASCVD) is an increasing cause of morbidity and mortality in people with HIV since the introduction combination antiretroviral therapy. Despite recent advances our understanding ASCVD, controversy still exists on whether this increased risk ASCVD due to chronic infection or other factors. Mounting biomarker studies indicate a role monocyte/macrophage activation ASCVD; however, little known about mechanisms through which mediates such way as engender...
Zika virus (ZIKV) infection is associated with microcephaly in neonates and Guillain-Barré syndrome adults. ZIKV produces a class of nonstructural (NS) regulatory proteins that play critical role viral transcription replication, including NS5, which possesses RNA-dependent RNA polymerase (RdRp) activity. Here we demonstrate rilpivirine (RPV), non-nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor (NNRTI) used the treatment HIV-1 infection, inhibits enzymatic activity NS5 suppresses replication...
Interleukin 10 (IL-10) is an anti-inflammatory cytokine that may be protective against coronary atherosclerosis. In observational study of persons with human immunodeficiency virus (PWH) and uninfected controls, IL-10 was measured in serum samples by means enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, atherosclerosis assessed using computed tomographic angiography. Among PWH, a 10-fold decrease associated 2.6-fold increase the odds plaque (P = .01), after controlling for traditional nontraditional...
Abstract Background Proprotein convertase subtilisin/kexin 9 (PCSK9) is known to mediate homeostasis of low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-c), but it may also participate in immune reactivity and atherogenesis. Methods We compared circulating PCSK9 levels among asymptomatic individuals with without HIV. Further, within each group, we assessed the relationship between levels, traditional cardiovascular disease risk factors, activation, subclinical coronary atherosclerotic plaque....
Objective HIV-associated CNS dysfunction is a significant problem among people with HIV (PWH), who now live longer due to viral suppression from combined anti-retroviral therapy (ART). Over the course of infection, generates toxic proteins and induces inflammatory cytokines that have effects on neurons in CNS. Among these proteins, Nef has been found postmortem brain specimens PWH. However, source its impact neuronal cell homeostasis are still elusive. Methods results Here, using simian...
Peripheral neuropathy (PN) continues to be a major complication of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection despite successful anti-retroviral therapy. Human HIV-PN can recapitulated in CD8-depleted, simian (SIV)-infected rhesus macaque animal model, characterized by loss intraepidermal nerve fiber density (IENFD) and damage the dorsal root ganglia (DRG). Increased monocyte traffic DRG has previously been associated with severe pathology, as well IENFD. Here, we sought characterize...
Abstract Background While antiretroviral therapy (ART) has improved outcomes for people with HIV (PWH), brain dysfunction is still evident. Immune activation and inflammation remain elevated in PWH receiving ART, thereby contributing to morbidity mortality. Previous studies demonstrated reduced functional structural changes PWH; however, underlying mechanisms elusive. Methods Our cohort consisted of ART adherence viral suppression ( < 50 copies/mL; N = 173). Measurements included...
Abstract Background People with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) have heightened incidence/risk of diastolic dysfunction and heart failure. Women HIV elevated cardiac fibrosis, plasma osteopontin (Opn) is correlated to pathology. Therefore, this study provides mechanistic insight into the relationship between fibrosis during infection. Methods Mouse embryonic fibroblasts (MEFs) modeled in vitro. Simian (SIV)-infected macaques or without antiretroviral therapy HIV-infected humanized mice...
People with HIV (PWH) are at an increased risk of developing nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). Interleukin (IL)-18 is regulated by inflammasomes in response to pathogens and danger signals has been implicated both the pathogenesis NAFLD progression. We hypothesized that IL-18 may be associated injury PWH. This was observational study 125 PWH 59 individuals without Boston area. Participants known hepatitis B, C, excessive alcohol use were excluded. measured serum enzyme-linked...
Objective: Women with HIV (WWH) have heightened heart failure risk. Plasma OPN (osteopontin) is a powerful predictor of outcomes in the general population. Limited data exist on relationships between plasma and surrogates HIV-associated Design: Prospective, cross-sectional. Methods: We analyzed cardiac structure/function (assessed using cardiovascular magnetic resonance imaging) immune activation (biomarkers flow cytometry) among 20 WWH 14 women without (WWOH). Results: did not differ...
: The well treated HIV population remains at risk for insulin resistance and chronic immune activation. We tested the effects of acute hyperinsulinemia on inflammation in HIV. Twenty HIV-infected 10 non-HIV-infected individuals matched BMI underwent oral glucose tolerance testing to stimulate secretion assess changes circulating soluble CD163, CD14, monocyte chemoattract protein 1. Soluble CD14 decreased significantly after stimulation no significant CD163 or 1 were demonstrated groups.
Abstract People with human immunodeficiency virus have an increased risk of developing cardiovascular disease. RNA-Seq was performed on hearts from simian (SIV)–infected rhesus macaques or without antiretroviral therapy (ART). SIV infection led to high plasma viral load very little myocardial RNA. promoted inflammatory environment in the heart through interferon and pathogen signaling, absence While ART dampened cytokine response heart, SIV-infected animals receiving had deficits expression...
Abstract A biologically relevant non-human primate (NHP) model of HIV persistence in the central nervous system (CNS) is necessary. Most current NHP/SIV models infection fail to recapitulate viral CNS without encephalitis or employ viruses that authentically represent ongoing HIV-1 pandemic. Here, we demonstrate replication brain and neuropathogenesis after combination antiretroviral therapy (ART) rhesus macaques (RMs) using novel macrophage-tropic transmitted/founder (TF) simian-human...
Although the reduction of viral loads in people with HIV undergoing combination antiretroviral therapy has mitigated AIDS-related symptoms, prevalence neurological impairments remained unchanged. HIV-associated CNS dysfunction includes memory, attention, memory processing, and retrieval. Here, we show a significant site-specific increase phosphorylation Syn I serine 9, site 1, frontal cortex lysates synaptosome preparations male rhesus macaques infected simian immunodeficiency virus (SIV)...