A5051277551- Nuclear Physics and Applications
- Nuclear reactor physics and engineering
- Nuclear physics research studies
- Radiation Detection and Scintillator Technologies
- Radioactive contamination and transfer
- Astro and Planetary Science
- Radioactivity and Radon Measurements
- Atomic and Subatomic Physics Research
- X-ray Diffraction in Crystallography
- Nuclear Materials and Properties
- Crystallization and Solubility Studies
- X-ray Spectroscopy and Fluorescence Analysis
- Radiation Therapy and Dosimetry
- Geology and Paleoclimatology Research
- Particle Detector Development and Performance
- Astronomical and nuclear sciences
- Particle physics theoretical and experimental studies
- Isotope Analysis in Ecology
- Radioactive element chemistry and processing
- Gamma-ray bursts and supernovae
- Mass Spectrometry Techniques and Applications
- Geomagnetism and Paleomagnetism Studies
- Superconducting Materials and Applications
- Atomic and Molecular Physics
- Planetary Science and Exploration
TU Dresden
2023-2025
Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf
2020-2025
Australian National University
2015-2024
Universidad Complutense de Madrid
2024
Centro de Investigaciones Energéticas, Medioambientales y Tecnológicas
2024
University of Vienna
2012-2023
University of Edinburgh
2019-2023
European Organization for Nuclear Research
2021
Technical University of Munich
2003-2020
Gran Sasso Science Institute
2020
With the need for improving existing nuclear data evaluations, (e.g., ENDF/B-VIII.0 and JEFF-3.3 releases) first step was to evaluate standards use in such a library. This new evaluation made of improved experimental some developments methodology analysis evaluation. In addition work on traditional standards, this produced extension energy ranges includes reactions that are called reference cross sections. Since effort extends beyond it is neutron international has evaluations following...
A nearby supernova (SN) explosion in the past can be confirmed by detection of radioisotopes on Earth that were produced and ejected SN. We have now measured a well resolved time profile 60Fe concentration deep-sea ferromanganese crust found highly significant increase 2.8 Myr ago. The amount is compatible with deposition ejecta from SN at distance few 10 pc. defined makes it possible to search for plausible correlations other events Earth's history.
Abstract Half of the heavy elements including all actinides are produced in r -process nucleosynthesis, whose sites and history remain a mystery. If continuously produced, Interstellar Medium is expected to build-up quasi-steady state abundances short-lived nuclides (with half-lives ≤100 My), nucleosynthesis. Their existence today’s interstellar medium would serve as radioactive clock establish that their production was recent. In particular 244 Pu, actinide nuclide (half-life=81 can place...
Natural plutonium from supernovae The rapid neutron capture process (r-process) produces many of the heavy chemical elements, but astrophysical settings where it occurs remain unclear. Leading candidates are star mergers and some types supernovae. Wallner et al. analyzed content a deep-sea crust sample, identifying few dozen atoms r-process isotope plutonium- 244 that were delivered to Earth within past million years. There was simultaneous signal iron-60, which is known be produced in...
Abstract Cosmogenic nuclide dating relies on the constancy of production and incorporation radionuclides in geological archives. Anomalous deviations from during Holocene or Pleistocene are frequently used as global benchmarks to harmonize different data sets. A similar anchor million year timescale was so far not presented. In this work, we report a prolonged cosmogenic 10 Be anomaly late Miocene recorded several Central Northern Pacific deep-ocean ferromanganese crusts time period 9–11.5...
ABSTRACT Iron is an essential metal for virtually all organisms. acquisition well characterized various organisms, whereas intracellular iron distribution poorly understood. In contrast to bacteria, plants, and animals, most fungi lack ferritin-mediated storage but possess siderophore shown be involved in storage. Here we demonstrate that deficiency the ferricrocin causes starvation conidia of Aspergillus fumigatus , demonstrating also intra- transcellular distribution. Thus, represents...
The primary aim of experimental nuclear astrophysics is to determine the rates reactions taking place in stars various astrophysical conditions. These reaction are important ingredient for understanding elemental abundance distribution our solar system and galaxy. determined from cross sections which need be measured at energies as close astrophysically relevant ones possible. In many cases final nucleus an radioactive allows section based on off-line measurement number produced isotopes....
The cosmic evolution of the chemical elements from Big Bang to present time is driven by nuclear fusion reactions inside stars and stellar explosions. A cycle matter recurrently re-processes metal-enriched ejecta into next generation stars. study nucleosynthesis this requires understanding physics reactions, conditions at which are activated explosions, ejection mechanisms through winds transport towards cycle, hot plasma cold, star-forming gas. Due long timescales evolution, because...
An 60Fe peak in a deep-sea FeMn crust has been interpreted as due to the signature left by ejecta of supernova explosion close solar system 2.8+/-0.4 Myr ago [Knie, Phys. Rev. Lett. 93, 171103 (2004)10.1103/PhysRevLett.93.171103]. In an attempt confirm this interpretation with better time resolution and obtain more direct flux estimate, we measured concentrations along dated marine sediment. We find no at expected level from 1.7 3.2 ago. Possible causes for discrepancy are discussed.
The cross section of the reaction $^{197}\mathrm{Au}$($n,\ensuremath{\gamma}$) was measured with time-of-flight technique at n_TOF (neutron time-of-flight) facility in unresolved resonance region between 5 and 400 keV using a pair ${\mathrm{C}}_{6}$D${}_{6}$ (where D denotes $^{2}\mathrm{H}$) liquid scintillators for detection prompt capture $\ensuremath{\gamma}$ rays. results total uncertainty $3.9%--6.7$$%$ resolution 20 bins per energy decade show fair agreement Evaluated Nuclear Data...
In order to resolve a recent discrepancy in the half-life of 60Fe, we performed an independent measurement with new method that determines 60Fe content material relative 55Fe (t1/2=2.744 yr) accelerator mass spectrometry. Our result (2.50±0.12)×10(6) yr clearly favors recently reported value (2.62±0.04)×10(6) yr, and rules out older (1.49±0.27)×10(6) yr. The present weighted mean (2.60±0.05)×10(6) substantially improves reliability as important chronometer for astrophysical applications...
SABRE aims to directly measure the annual modulation of dark matter interaction rate with NaI(Tl) crystals. A compatible standard hypothesis in which our Galaxy is embedded a halo has been measured by DAMA experiment same target material. Other direct detection experiments, using different materials, seem exclude interpretation such simplest scenario WIMP-nucleon elastic scattering. The carry out an independent search sufficient sensitivity confirm or refute claim. concept and goal obtain...
On September 12, 2019 at 12:49:48 (UT) a bolide was observed by hundreds of eye-witnesses from the Netherlands, Germany, Belgium, Denmark and UK. One day later small meteorite stone found accident in Flensburg. The presence short-lived cosmogenic radionuclides with half-lives as short 16 days proves recent exposure object to cosmic rays space linking it clearly event. An exceptionally time ∼5000 years determined. 24.5 g has fresh black fusion crust, low density <2 g/cm3, magnetic...
The $^{63}$Ni($n, \gamma$) cross section has been measured for the first time at neutron time-of-flight facility n\_TOF CERN from thermal energies up to 200 keV. In total, capture kernels of 12 (new) resonances were determined. Maxwellian Averaged Cross Sections calculated kT = 5 keV 100 with uncertainties around 20%. Stellar model calculations a 25 M$_\odot$ star show that new data have significant effect on $s$-process production $^{63}$Cu, $^{64}$Ni, and $^{64}$Zn in massive stars,...
Ultra-pure NaI(Tl) crystals are the key element for a model-independent verification of long standing DAMA result and powerful means to search annual modulation signature dark matter interactions. The SABRE collaboration has been developing cutting-edge techniques reduction intrinsic backgrounds over several years. In this paper we report first characterization 3.4 kg crystal, named NaI-33, performed in an underground passive shielding setup at LNGS. NaI-33 record low $^{39}$K contamination...
Accelerator mass spectrometry (AMS) is a mass-spectrometric method using entire accelerator systems to measure ultralow traces of long-lived radioisotopes. AMS spectrometers produce an ion beam from sample interest and separate ions according their magnetic, electric, atomic characteristics. It thus possible identify both the number very rare radioisotope, count it atom by atom. The review describes 45-year history since discovery AMS, detailed technical aspects, wide range research fields.
Cosmogenic nuclide dating is a crucial tool in geochronology, relying on the consistent production and incorporation of radionuclides into geological archives. Deviations from this constancy, particularly during Holocene or Pleistocene, have often served as global benchmarks to align harmonize disparate datasets. However, lack comparable cosmogenic surges million-year timescale has constrained use such longer-term studies.In study*, we present evidence prolonged 10Be anomaly late Miocene,...