A5049665116- Optical Imaging and Spectroscopy Techniques
- Photoacoustic and Ultrasonic Imaging
- Nanoplatforms for cancer theranostics
- Cancer, Hypoxia, and Metabolism
- Photodynamic Therapy Research Studies
- Spectroscopy Techniques in Biomedical and Chemical Research
- Angiogenesis and VEGF in Cancer
- Infrared Thermography in Medicine
- Luminescence and Fluorescent Materials
- Advanced Fluorescence Microscopy Techniques
- Medical Imaging Techniques and Applications
- Cancer Cells and Metastasis
- Advanced MRI Techniques and Applications
- Advanced Radiotherapy Techniques
- Ultrasound and Hyperthermia Applications
- Optical Coherence Tomography Applications
- Erythrocyte Function and Pathophysiology
- Radiation Therapy and Dosimetry
- Hemoglobin structure and function
- Non-Invasive Vital Sign Monitoring
- Gold and Silver Nanoparticles Synthesis and Applications
- Ultrasonics and Acoustic Wave Propagation
- Immunotherapy and Immune Responses
- Heart Rate Variability and Autonomic Control
- Digital Radiography and Breast Imaging
Duke University
2014-2025
Duke Medical Center
2012-2024
Cancer Institute (WIA)
2019-2024
Duke Cancer Institute
2024
Duke University Hospital
2015-2024
L3S Research Center
2024
Leibniz University Hannover
2024
University of Wisconsin–Madison
2002-2019
Durham Technical Community College
2014-2017
Institute For Community Research
2017
A flexible and fast Monte Carlo-based model of diffuse reflectance has been developed for the extraction absorption scattering properties turbid media, such as human tissues. This method is valid a wide range optical easily adaptable to existing probe geometries, provided single phantom calibration measurement made. condensed Carlo was used speed up forward simulations. validated by use two sets liquid-tissue phantoms containing Nigrosin or hemoglobin absorbers polystyrene spheres...
Exercise has been shown to improve postischemia perfusion of normal tissues; we investigated whether these effects extend solid tumors. Estrogen receptor–negative (ER-, 4T1) and ER+ (E0771) tumor cells were implanted orthotopically into syngeneic mice (BALB/c, N = 11–12 per group) randomly assigned exercise or sedentary control. Tumor growth, perfusion, hypoxia, components the angiogenic apoptotic cascades assessed by MRI, immunohistochemistry, western blotting, quantitative polymerase chain...
Significance Engineering of highly functional skeletal muscle tissues can provide accurate models physiology and disease aid treatment various disorders. Previous tissue-engineering efforts have fallen short recreating structural contractile properties native in vitro. Here, we describe the creation biomimetic with structural, functional, myogenic characteristic stress values that surpass those neonatal rat muscle. When implanted real-time imaged live animals, engineered grafts undergo...
Metastatic spread is the mechanism in more than 90 percent of cancer deaths and current therapeutic options, such as systemic chemotherapy, are often ineffective. Here we provide a proof principle for novel two-pronged modality referred to Synergistic Immuno Photothermal Nanotherapy (SYMPHONY) having potential safely eradicate both primary tumors distant metastatic foci. Using combination immune-checkpoint inhibition plasmonic gold nanostar (GNS)-mediated photothermal therapy, were able...
Dual emissive properties of solid-state difluoroboron β-diketonate-poly(lactic acid) (BF2bdk-PLA) materials have been utilized as biological oxygen sensors. Dyes with red-shifted absorption and emission are important for multiplexing in vivo imaging, thus hydroxyl-functionalized dinaphthoylmethane initiators dye-PLA conjugates BF2dnm(X)PLA (X = H, Br, I) extended conjugation were synthesized. The luminescent show absorbance (∼435 nm) fluorescence tunability by molecular weight. Fluorescence...
The Monte Carlo-based inverse model of diffuse reflectance described in part I this pair companion papers was applied to the spectra a set 17 malignant and 24 normal-benign ex vivo human breast tissue samples. This allows extraction physically meaningful parameters, which include concentration absorbers size density scatterers present tissue. It assumed that intrinsic absorption could be attributed oxygenated deoxygenated hemoglobin beta-carotene, scattering modeled by spheres uniform...
Abstract We propose the use of a robust, biopsy needle–based, fiber-optic tool for routine clinical quantification tumor oxygenation at time diagnostic breast cancer. The purpose this study was to show diffuse reflectance spectroscopy as quantitative measure levels in vascular compartment cancers vivo via an optical technique. Thirty-five patients undergoing surgical treatment cancer were recruited Duke University Medical Center. Diffuse performed on tumors situ before resection, followed by...
Metastatic dissemination requires carcinoma cells to detach from the primary tumor and invade through basement membrane.To acquire these characteristics, epithelial undergo epithelial-to-mesenchymal transitions (EMT), whereby lose polarity E-cadherin-mediated cell-cell adhesion.Post-EMT have also been shown, or assumed, be more migratory; however, there contradictory reports on an immortalized human mammary cell line (HMLE) that underwent EMT.In context of carcinoma-associated EMT, it is not...
Nonmalignant (n = 36) and malignant 20) tissue samples were obtained from breast cancer reduction surgeries. These tissues characterized using multiple excitation wavelength fluorescence spectroscopy diffuse reflectance in the ultraviolet-visible range, immediately after excision. Spectra then analyzed principal component analysis (PCA) as a data technique. PCA was performed on each spectrum, well spectrum individually, to establish set of components for spectrum. A Wilcoxon rank-sum test...
Abstract Background and Objective We explored the use of diffuse reflectance spectroscopy in ultraviolet‐visible (UV‐VIS) spectrum for diagnosis breast cancer. A physical model (Monte Carlo inverse model) an empirical (partial least squares analysis) based approach, were compared extracting diagnostic features from spectra. Study Design/Methods The employed to extract spectra measured freshly excised tissues. subset extracted obtained using each method showed statistically significant...
We explore the use of Monte-Carlo-model-based approaches for analysis fluorescence and diffuse reflectance spectra measured ex vivo from breast tissues. These models are used to extract absorption, scattering, properties malignant nonmalignant tissues diagnose cancer based on these intrinsic tissue properties. Absorption scattering properties, including -carotene concentration, total hemoglobin saturation, mean reduced coefficient derived using a previously developed Monte Carlo model...
Cervical cancer is the second most common female worldwide. The ability to quantify physiological and morphological changes in cervix not only useful diagnosis of cervical precancers but also important aiding design cost-effective detection systems for use developing countries that lack well-established screening diagnostic programs. We assessed capability a diffuse reflectance spectroscopy technique identify contrasts optical biomarkers vary with different grades intraepithelial neoplasia...
The influence of the tumor microenvironment and hypoxia plays a significant role in determining cancer progression, treatment response, resistance. That is highly heterogeneous with intratumor intertumor variability presents challenge developing effective therapies. Critical to understanding ability dynamically quantify oxygen levels vasculature tissue order elucidate roles supply consumption, spatially temporally. To this end, we describe use hyperspectral imaging characterize hemoglobin...
Responsive biomaterials play important roles in imaging, diagnostics, and therapeutics. Polymeric nanoparticles (NPs) containing hydrophobic hydrophilic segments are one class of biomaterial utilized for these purposes. The incorporation luminescent molecules into NPs adds optical imaging sensing capability to vectors. Here we report on the synthesis dual-emissive, pegylated with "stealth"-like properties, delivered intravenously (IV), study tumor accumulation. were created by means...
Plasmonics-enhanced optically modulated approach to open blood–brain tumor barrier with high spatial selectivity for gold nanostars delivery into brain tumor.
Abstract Hyperactivation of the NFκB pathway is a distinct feature inflammatory breast cancer (IBC), highly proliferative and lethal disease. Gene expression studies in IBC patient tissue have linked EGFR (EGFR/HER2)-mediated MAPK signaling to hyperactivity, but mechanism(s) by which this occurs remain unclear. Here, we report that X-linked inhibitor apoptosis protein (XIAP) plays central role linking these two pathways. XIAP overexpression correlated with poor prognoses patients was...
Acoustically probing biological tissues with light or sound, photoacoustic and ultrasound imaging can provide anatomical, functional, and/or molecular information at depths far beyond the optical diffusion limit. However, most systems rely on linear-array transducers elevational focusing are limited to two-dimensional anisotropic resolutions. Here, we present three-dimensional diffractive acoustic tomography (3D-DAT), which uses an off-the-shelf transducer single-slit diffraction. Without...
The recent rise in increasingly sophisticated cyber-attacks raises the need for robust and resilient autonomous cyber-defence (ACD) agents. Given variety of cyber-attack tactics, techniques procedures (TTPs) employed, learning approaches that can return generalisable policies are desirable. Meanwhile, assurance ACD agents remains an open challenge. We address both challenges via empirical game-theoretic analysis deep reinforcement (DRL) using principled double oracle (DO) algorithm. This...
The fluorescence of tryptophan, reduced nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (phosphate) (NAD(P)H) and flavin (FAD) were characterized in normal human breast cells as well malignant similar dissimilar genetic origins. Fluorescence measurements each cell line made over a wide range concentrations, the per was determined from slope linear intensity vs concentration plot. All showed statistically significant decrease tryptophan relative to that cells. No differences observed NAD(P)H or FAD between...