Reacting molecular organic solids with inorganic salts gives access to novel properties <italic>via</italic> ionic co-crystal formation.

The mechanochemical reaction of urea and catechol affords the quantitative formation a 1:1 urea·catechol (URCAT) cocrystal that can act simultaneously as urease inhibitor soil fertilizer. novel compound has been characterized using solid-state methods, its environmental activity assessed inhibition Canavalia ensiformis water vapor sorption experiments at room temperature. molecules within were organized in hydrogen-bonded dimers bridged by two molecules, with OH groups interacting via...

A smart ionic co-crystal of urea with KCl and ZnCl2 has been obtained in two polymorphic modifications via mechanochemical solution methods proven to be a very efficient urease inhibitor while, simultaneously, able provide soil nutrients complement N supply.

The antibiotic ciprofloxacin (CIP) zwitterion has been cocrystallized via slurry and/or ball-milling with carvacrol (CAR) and thymol (THY), also known to exert antimicrobial activity, the aim of improving antibacterial activity ciprofloxacin. In case CAR, 1:4 cocrystal CIP·CAR4 appears be most stable phase, where intermediate phases CIP·CAR3 CIP·CAR2 have isolated by stepwise loss CAR. THY, 1:2 CIP·THY2 is stable, while CIP·THY4 easily loses THY yield bisadduct. All cocrystals were...

Abstract We tap into an unexplored area of preferential crystallization, being the first to develop simultaneous chiral resolution two racemic compounds by cocrystallization. highlight how RS ‐mandelic acid (MAN) and ‐etiracetam (ETI) can be combined together as enantiospecific R‐MAN⋅R‐ETI S‐MAN⋅S‐ETI cocrystals forming a stable conglomerate system subsequently cyclic crystallization allowing resolve both . The developed process leads excellent enantiopurity for etiracetam ( ee &gt;98 %)...

We report the first case of mechanochemical deracemization by using liquid-assisted abrasive grinding. The target molecule is a precursor Paclobutrazol, an important fungicide and plant growth inhibitor. Using deracemization, we are even able to transform 10 % ee scalemic mixture this latter in enantioenriched product 97 couple hours. This substantially shorter compared solution-based methodologies. present paper thus introduces efficient greener process enantiopure material.

Alloying isomorphous barbituric and thiobarbituric acids yields solid solutions of formula BA_xTBA_1−x (<italic>x</italic> &lt; 0.8); for <italic>x</italic> = 0.5 the isomorphous, stable keto co-crystal BA_0.5TBA_0.5 is observed, which melts at 265 °C, <italic>i.e. ca.</italic> 10 20 °C higher than melting points BA TBA.

Ionic cocrystals (ICC) of l- and dl-histidine with lithium halides (LiCl, LiBr, LiI) have been prepared by solid state solution methods, structurally characterized in order to compare the behavior enantiopure racemic crystals interaction inorganic salts. It has shown that cations interact selectively enantiomers one handedness only, extent obtained can be described as a special type made l-histidine d-histidine chains same those l-histidine. This chiral preference is even more noticeable ICC...

Anhydrous ionic co-crystals (ICCs) of cyanuric acid (CA) with sodium and lithium chlorides have been prepared by solid state methods structurally characterized from X-ray powder diffraction data (XRPD). Complete encapsulation the Li+Cl− ion pair organic molecules is observed in CA·LiCl, while solid-state solvation piles Na+ cations CA·NaCl results markedly increased dissolution rate (ca. 5 times) solubility 20 water respect to pure CA.

Chiral resolution of racemic etiracetam was achieved via co-crystallization with ZnCl2. Depending on the amount ZnCl2 either a stable compound or conglomerate can be obtained. Excess triggers quantitative conversion racemate into solid; this unprecedented behaviour investigated through racetam/ZnCl2/solvent phase diagram.

α-Aminophosphonates are an important class of biologically active compounds, attracting considerable attention in medicinal chemistry, by inhibiting enzymes involved amino acid metabolism. Herein, the Kabachnik–Fields domino reaction was investigated mechanochemistry for first-time preparation α-aminophosphonate derivatives high yields and with full selectivity, outperforming comparable solution procedures. The occurs without addition any external catalyst, possibly via a metal-mediated...

Abstract The preparation and characterization of a whole family hydrated ionic co‐crystals formed by both enantiopure l ‐proline racemic dl with LiX (X=Cl, Br, I) are reported. chiral preference the lithium cation for homochiral coordination, in formation crystalline conglomerates (with Cl Br) racemates I), which molecules opposite chirality confined to distinct crystal layers, is discussed. Dehydration processes all crystals have also been investigated.

A striking variety of anhydrous and hydrated ionic cocrystals (ICCs) the enantiopure antiepileptic drug (AED) levetiracetam its racemic intermediate etiracetam with pharmaceutically acceptable salts CaCl2 MgCl2 was synthesized structurally characterized. The difference in interaction compounds interest inorganic investigated. Variable-temperature X-ray powder diffraction (VT-XRPD) calorimetric analyses (TGA DSC) all obtained ICCs showed a significant improvement thermal stability respect to...

Ionic cocrystals (ICCs) of racemic RS-oxiracetam and its active S-enantiomer pharmaceutical interest with the pharmaceutically acceptable salts calcium magnesium chloride were synthesized structurally characterized. The cocrystallization MgCl2 resulted in chiral resolution formation an S-OXI·MgCl2·5H2O/R-OXI·MgCl2·5H2O conglomerate. Ternary phase diagrams RS-oxiracetam/inorganic salt/solvent constructed to determine overall compositions for which ICCs are only stable phases suspension. In...

Co-crystallization of the antibacterial agents proflavine and methyl viologen with inorganic salts CuCl, CuCl₂and AgNO₃results in enhanced antimicrobial activity respect to separate components.

The hydrophobic dl-amino acids alanine, valine, leucine, and isoleucine have been cocrystallized with LiCl via solid-state solution methods, the effect of preparation conditions solvent choice on racemic versus conglomerate formation has investigated. For sake comparison, enantiopure l-amino also reacted in same experimental conditions. With dl-alanine only, a ionic cocrystal formula dl-alanine·LiCl·H2O is obtained, irrespective conditions, while amino dl-valine dl-leucine undergo...

Three structurally similar antibiotics of the cephalosporin (CEPH) class, namely, cephalexin (CPX), cephradine (CFD), and cefaclor (CFC), have been co-crystallized with thymol (THY) via different preparation techniques, yielding hydrated co-crystals CPX·THY·2.5H2O form I II, CFD·THY·2.5H2O, CFC·THY·4H2O. All were characterized by single crystal and/or powder X-ray diffraction. In all co-crystals, except in case elusive metastable CPX·THY·2.5H2O, CEPH molecules interact only water bridges;...

Here, we exploit our mechanochemical synthesis for co-crystallization of an organic antiseptic, proflavine, with metal-based antimicrobials (silver, copper, zinc, and gallium). Our previous studies have looked general antimicrobial activity the co-crystals: proflavine·AgNO3, proflavine·CuCl, ZnCl3[Proflavinium], [Proflavinium]2[ZnCl4]·H2O, [Proflavinium]3[Ga(oxalate)3]·4H2O. explore compare more precisely bacteriostatic (minimal inhibitory concentrations) antibiofilm (prevention cell...

Abstract The coordination mode to lithium, magnesium, calcium and zinc cations of racemic vs. enantiopure amino acids racetam APIs is analysed its effect on chiral selection critically reviewed. It shown that resolution in the solid state can be obtained via cocrystallization compounds with an achiral inorganic salt coformer, such as LiX (X=Cl, Br, I) or ZnCl 2 , which favour tetrahedral state. may take form conglomerate crystal formation selective homochiral aggregation crystals. When...

l -Proline is used to resolve both enantiomers of mandelic acid through a stoichiometry controlled chiral resolution.

Ionic co-crystals (ICCs) of <sc>l</sc>- and <sc>dl</sc>-histidine with CaCl₂, CaBr₂ CaI₂ were prepared by mechanochemical solution methods structurally characterized either single crystal or powder X-ray diffraction methods.

Crystallization of rifaximin from Transcutol® affords the new anhydrous τ-form, which combines a high dissolution rate with storage stability, as it is not affected by exposure to humidity.

In the field of crystallization-based chiral resolution, preferential crystallization is particularly interesting.

We here highlight the importance of stoichiometry for simultaneous cocrystal resolution. Focusing on combining racemates binol and proline, we show that a 1 : 2 ratio leads to formation full racemic compound, whereas ratio, conglomerate formation, with resolution both proline. Playing stoichiometry, one achieves reversible switch between compound conglomerate. This is first investigation such behavior two racemates.