A5021537409- Tuberculosis Research and Epidemiology
- Mycobacterium research and diagnosis
- Pneumonia and Respiratory Infections
- Pneumocystis jirovecii pneumonia detection and treatment
- Diagnosis and treatment of tuberculosis
- Infectious Diseases and Tuberculosis
- Antibiotic Resistance in Bacteria
- COVID-19 diagnosis using AI
- Bacterial biofilms and quorum sensing
- Brucella: diagnosis, epidemiology, treatment
- Cancer therapeutics and mechanisms
- Infections and bacterial resistance
- Fungal Infections and Studies
- AI in cancer detection
- Radiomics and Machine Learning in Medical Imaging
- Antifungal resistance and susceptibility
- Neonatal and Maternal Infections
- Cutaneous Melanoma Detection and Management
- Streptococcal Infections and Treatments
- Nail Diseases and Treatments
- HIV/AIDS oral health manifestations
- Vibrio bacteria research studies
- Adolescent and Pediatric Healthcare
- Legionella and Acanthamoeba research
- Melanoma and MAPK Pathways
National Institute for Communicable Diseases
2018-2025
National Center for Communicable Diseases
2025
National Health Laboratory Service
2014-2025
University of Pretoria
2010-2024
Center for Tuberculosis Control of Guangdong Province
2022
National Center for Disease Control
2018-2021
St Thomas' Hospital
2017-2019
University of Cape Town
2018
Steve Biko Hospital
2018
Kalafong Hospital
2010-2018
BackgroundTuberculosis remains an important clinical and public health issue in South Africa, which has one of the highest tuberculosis burdens world. We aimed to estimate burden bacteriologically confirmed pulmonary among people aged 15 years or older Africa.MethodsThis multistage, cluster-based, cross-sectional survey included eligible residents (age ≥15 years, who had slept a house for ≥10 nights preceding 2 weeks) 110 clusters nationally (cluster size 500 people; selected by probability...
Highlights•Criteria for BDQ susceptibility are defined which will facilitate improved early detection of resistance•Microbiological failures occurred in those with a non-susceptible MIC, an Rv0678 mutation and ≤2 active drug classes•Cross resistance between CFZ was primarily observed patient isolates mutantsThis study robustly defines criteria bedaquiline addresses uncertainties around the genetic basis cross resistance. Susceptibility provided MGIT 960 broth microdilution. Our findings do...
<title>Abstract</title> Nearly a third of TB cases go undetected annually. WHO recommends computer-aided detection (CAD) to enhance screening, with studies showing comparable performance local radiologists. Using 774 chest X-rays from the South African National Prevalence Survey, we compared 12 CAD software 11 radiologists Nigeria, India, UK, and US, against composite microbiological reference standard. Sensitivity, specificity Cohen’s kappa were calculated compared. Receiver-operating...
Economic and behavioural factors lead to poor outcomes in patients with tuberculosis. We investigated the effects of a package interventions consisting pre-test post-test tuberculosis counselling conditional cash transfers on patient adults undergoing investigation for pulmonary This pragmatic, open-label, individual randomised controlled trial was done nine clinics Johannesburg, South Africa. Participants (aged ≥18 years) were randomly assigned (1:1) intervention group or control (standard...
Acinetobacter baumannii is an opportunistic pathogen that increasingly responsible for hospital-acquired infections. The increasing prevalence of carbapenem resistant A. has left clinicians with limited treatment options. Last line antimicrobials (i.e., polymyxins and glycylcyclines) are often used as aim this study was to determine the selected β-lactamase genes from isolates obtained patients infections genetic relationship epidemiological profiles among clinical collected two tertiary...
The World Health Organization End TB Strategy targets for 2035 are ambitious and drug resistant tuberculosis is an important barrier, particularly in Africa, home to over a billion people.We sought review the current status of Africa highlight key areas requiring improvement.Available data from 2016 global database were extracted analysed using descriptive statistics.The true burden on continent poorly described with only 51% countries having formal survey completed. In absence this data,...
Background Although tuberculosis (TB) symptoms have limited sensitivity they remain an important entry point into the TB care cascade. Objectives To investigate self-reported healthcare seeking for in participants a community-based survey. Methods We compared reasons not reporting ≥1 of four screening (cough, weight loss, night sweats, fever) first South African national prevalence survey (2017–2019). used logistic regression analyses to identify sociodemographic and clinical characteristics...
Tuberculosis (TB) and non-communicable diseases (NCD) share predisposing risk factors. TB-associated NCD might cluster within households affected with TB requiring shared prevention care strategies. We conducted an individual participant data meta-analysis of national prevalence surveys to determine whether in members TB. identified eligible that reported at least one or factor through the archive maintained by World Health Organization searching Medline Embase from 1 January 2000 10 August...
Severe malaria is most commonly associated with Plasmodium falciparum. vivax increasingly recognized as being capable of causing severe disease. In contrast, ovale considered a cause benign disease and evidence supporting the occurrence or complicated infection rare. This report describes case P. in patient presenting jaundice, respiratory distress, thrombocytopenia, petechiae, hypotension. He had no apparent underlying risk factors for
Abstract Background Ralstonia species are Gram-negative bacilli of low virulence. These organisms capable causing healthcare associated infections through contaminated solutions. In this study, we aimed to determine the source mannitolilytica bacteraemia in affected patients a haemodialysis unit. Methods Our laboratory noted an increase cases caused by mannitililytica between May and June 2016. All underwent at unit academic hospital. The reverse osmosis filter water system was found be...
BackgroundNon-communicable diseases (NCDs) and NCD risk factors, such as smoking, increase the for tuberculosis (TB). Data are scarce on of prevalent TB associated with these factors in context population-wide systematic screening association between NCDs different manifestations TB, where ∼50% being asymptomatic but bacteriologically positive (subclinical). We did an individual participant data (IPD) meta-analysis national sub-national prevalence surveys to synthesise evidence symptomatic...
Drug-resistant tuberculosis (TB) poses a significant public health concern in South Africa due to its complexity diagnosis, treatment, and management. This study assessed the diagnostic performance of Xpert MTB/XDR test for detecting drug resistance patients with TB by using archived sputum sediments. analyzed 322 samples collected from diagnosed between 2016 2019 across Africa, previously characterized phenotypic genotypic methods. The was evaluated ability detect isoniazid (INH),...
Abstract Background Studies have shown that drug-resistant tuberculosis (DR-TB) in South Africa (SA) is clonal and caused mostly by transmission. Identifying transmission chains important controlling DR-TB. This study reports on the sentinel molecular surveillance data of Rifampicin-Resistant (RR) TB SA, aiming to describe RR-TB strain population estimated cases. Method isolates collected between 2014 2018 from eight provinces were genotyped using combination spoligotyping 24-loci...
Abstract Universal drug susceptibility testing (DST) is an important requirement of the End TB Strategy. The Sensititre broth micro-dilution assay (BMD) tests multiple drugs quantitatively. We defined interpretive criteria for this and analysed genotypic-phenotypic relationships. 385 Mycobacterium tuberculosis clinical isolates were processed BMD whole genome sequencing. epidemiological cut-off value 99% (ECV 99 ) amongst genotypically wild type (gWT) strains susceptibility. Minimum...
Previous studies have reported comorbid disease, including hypertension, diabetes mellitus, chronic cardiac and renal malignancy, HIV, tuberculosis (TB) obesity, to be associated with COVID‑19 mortality. National demographic surveys a high proportion of undiagnosed untreated disease in South Africa (SA).To determine the number individuals previously TB non-communicable diseases (NCDs) among patients hospitalised COVID‑19, level medical control these diseases.We conducted sentinel...
Abstract Background Drug-resistant tuberculosis (DR-TB) epidemic is driven mainly by the effect of ongoing transmission. In high-burden settings such as South Africa (SA), considerable demographic and geographic heterogeneity in DR-TB transmission exists. Thus, a better understanding risk-factors for clustering can help to prioritise resources specifically targeted high-risk groups well areas that contribute disproportionately Methods The study analyzed potential recent SA, using data...
Drug-resistant tuberculosis (TB) has poor outcomes unless resistance is detected early, ideally by commercially available molecular tests. We present a case of occult multidrug-resistant TB where both rifampicin and isoniazid were missed testing only identified phenotypic testing.
South Africa remains challenged with a high tuberculosis burden accompanied by an increase in drug resistant cases. We assessed the use of Illumina MiSeq, next-generation sequencing platform for whole genome sequencing, followed bioinformatic analysis using commercial software package to determine resistance selected drugs used Mycobacterium treatment our setting. Whole shows potential as diagnostic detection provision information several simultaneously.