Laser speckle contrast imaging is becoming an established method for full-field of cerebral blood flow dynamics in animal models. The sensitivity and noise the measurement changes depend on camera exposure time. relation among sensitivity, noise, time was investigated experimentally by brain after electrical forepaw stimulation rats. to relative found increase at longer times reach a plateau greater than approximately 2 ms. However, also increases with thus contrast-to-noise ratio peak 5 Our...

The holographic multiple-input-multiple-output (MIMO) communications refer to the MIMO systems built with ultra-dense antenna arrays, whose channel models and potential applications have attracted increasing attentions recently. When spacing between adjacent array elements is larger than half wavelength, effect of mutual coupling can generally be neglected in current designs. However, communications, influence strong on characteristics inevitable, resulting distorted radiation patterns low...

Optical coherence tomography (OCT) provides high-resolution, cross-sectional imaging of tissue microstructure in situ and real time, while fluorescence molecular (FMI) enables the visualization basic processes. There is a great deal interest combining these two modalities so that tissue's structural information can be obtained simultaneously. This could greatly benefit biomedical applications such as detecting early diseases monitoring therapeutic interventions. In this research, an optical...

Effective degree of freedom (EDOF) a multiple-input-multiple-output (MIMO) system represents its equivalent number independent single-input-single-output (SISO) systems, which directly characterizes the communication performance. Traditional EDOF only considers single polarization, where full polarized components degrade into two transverse under far-field approximation. However, traditional model is not applicable to complex scenarios especially for near-field region. Based on an...

We successfully demonstrate a monolithic integrated dual-polarization in-phase/quadrature (IQ) modulator based on thin-film lithium niobate platform with silicon substrate, which consists of IQ modulators, spot-size converters, and polarization rotator combiner. When coupled maintaining fibers, the measured insertion loss is 12 dB. In addition, we experimentally achieve single-carrier 1.6 Tb/s net bitrate transmission.

Advancements in emerging technologies, e.g., reconfigurable intelligent surfaces and holographic MIMO (HMIMO), facilitate unprecedented manipulation of electromagnetic (EM) waves, significantly enhancing the performance wireless communication systems. To accurately characterize achievable limits these systems, it is crucial to develop a universal EM-compliant channel model. This paper addresses this necessity by proposing comprehensive EM model tailored for realistic multi-path environments,...

We developed a novel imaging technique that provides real-time two-dimensional maps of the absolute partial pressure oxygen and relative cerebral blood flow in rats by combining phosphorescence lifetime with laser speckle contrast imaging. Direct measurement oxygenation based on is not significantly affected changes optical parameters tissue during experiment. The potential system as tool for quantitative analysis dynamic delivery to support brain metabolism was demonstrated cortical...

Optical coherence tomography (OCT) is a rapidly emerging imaging modality that can non-invasively provide cross-sectional, high-resolution images of tissue morphology in situ and real-time. We previously demonstrated OCT capable visualizing characteristic kidney anatomic structures, including blood vessels, uriniferous tubules, glomeruli, renal capsules on Munich-Wistar rat model. Because the viability donor closely correlated with its tubular morphology, large amount image datasets are...

Establishing and approaching the fundamental limit of orbital angular momentum (OAM) multiplexing are necessary increasingly urgent for current multiple-input multiple-output research. In this work, we elaborate in terms independent scattering channels (or degrees freedom scattered fields) through angular-spectral analysis, conjunction with a rigorous Green function method. The channel is universal arbitrary spatial mode multiplexing, which launched by planar electromagnetic device, such as...

We present a combined optical coherence tomography (OCT) and line-scanning fluorescence laminar (FLOT) system. This hybrid system enables coregistered structural molecular imaging in 3D with 10-100 microm resolution millimeter-scale depth. Experimental results on capillary phantom dye Cy5.5 using an OCT/FLOT have been demonstrated.

Multimodal imaging represents one of the current trends in development biophotonics technologies. This paper briefly reviews multimodal platforms macroscopic, microscopic, and mesoscopic (or millimeter) scales. We also present a combined optical coherence tomography line-scan fluorescence laminar system for co-registered structural molecular with millimeter-scale depth. Experimental results using capillary phantom filled dye Cy5.5 human breast cancer xenograft model are presented.

Abstract Aiming at the need of rapid and sensitive detection acetylene dissolved in oil, a small‐volume T‐type photoacoustic (PA) cell was proposed. By optimizing design parameters, volume reduced to 30 mL, which resulted significant reduction sampling amount transformer oil. A laser PA spectroscopy system for gas analysis built combined with headspace degassing method. near‐infrared tunable wavelength modulation employed detect escaped from Test results show that limit reaches 0.2 μL/L when...

Abstract Thin‐film lithium niobate (TFLN)‐based electro‐optic modulators have extensive applications in broadband optical communications due to their broad bandwidth, high extinction ratio, and low loss. However, compared with silicon indium‐phosphide (InP)‐based counterparts, TFLN exhibits lower modulation efficiency. Simultaneously achieving driving voltage a wide modulating bandwidth poses significant challenge. To address this limitation, paper proposes transparent conductive oxide film...

Optical magnetic field current sensors could overcome the shortcomings of traditional based on electrical principles, such as large volume, insufficient sensitivity, and limitations working environment, which can be applied to medical, military, other fields with higher sensing requirements. We demonstrated experimentally inscription long-period fiber gratings (LPFGs) in thin-cladding (TCF). The sensor is fabricated by encapsulating TCF–LPFG fluid (MF) nanoparticles. principle refractive...

The performance of holographic multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) communications, employing two-dimensional (2-D) planar antenna arrays, is typically compromised by finite degrees-of-freedom (DOF) stemming from limited array size. DOF constraint becomes significant when the element spacing approaches approximately half a wavelength, thereby restricting overall MIMO systems. To break this inherent limitation, we propose novel three-dimensional (3-D) that strategically explores untapped...

C4F7N/CO2 gas mixture, as the main new environmentally friendly insulation medium, is now being widely used in ring network switchgear and other electrical equipment. In this paper, a test platform was constructed to simulate partial discharge decomposition characteristics of mixture during suspended potential were studied under four different metal electrode materials: stainless steel, purple copper, tungsten aluminum alloy. The results show that products are CO, CF4, C4F8, C3F8, C3F6,...

Abstract In order to further improve the accuracy of online monitoring spectra partial discharge in gas insulated switchgear, a distributed system is studied, and sensors are used simultaneously obtain ultra-high frequency electromagnetic wave signals. Based on accumulated each sensor, smooth decoherence noise recognition algorithm proposed long-term cumulative spectral pattern, which analyse correlation between sensor. Furthermore, method for determining whether an internal signal proposed,...

Abstract Creeping breakdown caused by metal particles on the silicone rubber/XLPE interface of prefabricated cable joints often happens. Study development process such insulation defect-led partial discharge (PD) can serve as a basis for assessment its severity level. In this paper, are sandwiched 35 kV joint to simulate creeping defect.

Knitted structure based on through-silicon vias is utilized to realize the miniaturization of frequency-selective rasorber (FSR). According equivalent circuit model analysis, additional inductance and capacitance introduced by an array metal are considered, which combined with lossy cross-frame lossless double square-loop function FSR. Through full wave simulation, proposed 2.5-D FSR demonstrates one passband between two absorption bands. The simulated results indicate a significant size...

We successfully demonstrated a real-time 800Gb/s single-carrier SHC-BiDi transmission with the proposed APC solution tracking up to record 200 krad/s SOP rotation speed without performance penalty. A ~10km EDFA is achieved via low cost DFB laser.