A5011401723- HIV Research and Treatment
- HIV-related health complications and treatments
- Advanced biosensing and bioanalysis techniques
- Fish biology, ecology, and behavior
- Fish Biology and Ecology Studies
- Sports injuries and prevention
- RNA and protein synthesis mechanisms
- HIV/AIDS Research and Interventions
- Ichthyology and Marine Biology
- Genomics and Phylogenetic Studies
- Evolution and Paleontology Studies
- HIV/AIDS drug development and treatment
- Genetic diversity and population structure
- Bone Tumor Diagnosis and Treatments
- Pelvic and Acetabular Injuries
- Respiratory viral infections research
- Orthopedic Surgery and Rehabilitation
- Lower Extremity Biomechanics and Pathologies
- Musculoskeletal Disorders and Rehabilitation
- Viral Infections and Immunology Research
- Eating Disorders and Behaviors
- Diabetes, Cardiovascular Risks, and Lipoproteins
- Respiratory Support and Mechanisms
- Pregnancy-related medical research
- Bone and Dental Protein Studies
Mbarara University of Science and Technology
2023
Makerere University
2023
Duke University
2017-2022
Brigham and Women's Hospital
2021-2022
Columbia University
2022
Monash University
2019-2021
University of California, Los Angeles
2016-2021
International Vaccine Institute
2021
Harvard University
2021
Air Force General Hospital PLA
2021
High-throughput sequence (HTS) analysis of combinatorial selection populations accelerates lead discovery and optimization offers dynamic insight into processes. An underlying principle is that enriches high-fitness sequences as a fraction the population, whereas low-fitness are depleted. HTS readily provides requisite numerical information by tracking evolutionary trajectory individual in response to pressures. Unlike genomic data, for which number software solutions exist, user-friendly...
Abstract Molecular phylogenies are a key source of information about the tempo and mode species diversification. However, most empirical do not contain representatives all species, such that diversification rates typically estimated from incompletely sampled data. Most researchers recognize incomplete sampling can lead to biased rate estimates, but statistical properties methods for accommodating remain poorly known. In this point view, we demonstrate theoretical concerns with widespread use...
Abstract The Neotropics harbor the most species-rich freshwater fish fauna on planet, but timing of that exceptional diversification remains unclear. Did accumulate species steadily throughout their long history, or attain remarkable diversity recently? Biologists have debated relative support for these museum and cradle hypotheses, few phylogenies megadiverse tropical clades included sufficient taxa to distinguish between them. We used 1288 ultraconserved element loci spanning 293 species,...
Abstract The family Trichomycteridae is one of the most diverse groups freshwater catfishes in South and Central America with eight subfamilies, 41 genera more than 300 valid species. Its members are widely distributed throughout America, reaching Costa Rica recognized by extraordinary anatomical specializations trophic diversity. In order to assess phylogenetic relationships Trichomycteridae, we collected sequence data from ultraconserved elements (UCEs) genome 141 specimens 12 outgroup We...
Sustainable development and climate change mitigation can provide enormous public health benefits via improved air quality, especially in polluted areas. We use the latest state-of-the-art composition-climate model simulations to contrast human exposure fine particulate matter Africa under a "baseline" scenario with high material consumption, population growth, warming that projected sustainability lower warming. Evaluating mortality impacts of these exposures, we find low annual premature...
RNA aptamers that bind the reverse transcriptase (RT) of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) compete with nucleic acid primer/template for access to RT, inhibit RT enzymatic activity in vitro, and suppress viral replication when expressed cells. Numerous pseudoknot have been identified by sequence analysis, but relatively few confirmed experimentally. In this work, a screen nearly 100 full-length >60 truncated aptamer transcripts established predictive value F1Pk F2Pk signature motifs. The...
Background Although ≈70% of the world's population people living with HIV reside in sub-Saharan Africa, there are minimal prospective data on contributions infection to atherosclerosis region. Methods and Results We conducted a observational cohort study antiretroviral therapy >40 years age rural Uganda, along population-based comparators not infected HIV. collected cardiovascular disease risk factors carotid ultrasound measurements annually. fitted linear mixed effects models, adjusted for...
Evidence regarding potential adverse neuropsychiatric effects of efavirenz is conflicting, and data from sub-Saharan Africa, where 70% persons living with HIV (PLHIV) reside used as first-line therapy, are limited.To estimate associations between use depression suicidal ideation among PLHIV in Uganda.Prospective observational cohort study. (ClinicalTrials.gov: NCT01596322).Mbarara, Uganda.Adult enrolled at the start antiretroviral therapy (ART) observed every 3 to 4 months 2005 2015.The...
Aptamer selections often yield distinct subpopulations, each with unique phenotypes that can be leveraged for specialized applications. Although most aim to attain ever higher specificity, we sought identify aptamers recognize increasingly divergent primate lentiviral reverse transcriptases (RTs). We hypothesized aptamer subpopulations in libraries pre-enriched against a single RT may exhibit broad-spectrum binding and inhibition, devised multiplexed poly-target selection elicit those panel...
Disorders of the patella are most common cause anterior knee pain. The etiologies pain reviewed. A case report an acute displaced fracture in a bipartite union is presented. Bipartite patellar development, incidence, radiographic findings, and clinical symptoms follow. Treatment excision fragment provides excellent result.
Pubic symphysis diastasis is recognized as a possible complication of pregnancy. When this occurs, pubic may cause anterior widening and loss stiffness within the symphysis, causing potential instability in joint. The persistent reduction can substantial disability postpartum women. has previously been treated conservatively using pelvic girdle bedrest with some success. >3 cm present, however, surgical intervention be needed to preserve integrity To date, most procedures for have via...
Massively parallel DNA sequencing techniques are rapidly changing the dynamics of phylogenetic study design by exponentially increasing discovery phylogenetically useful loci. This increase in number markers potentially provides researchers opportunity to select subsets loci best-addressing particular hypotheses based on objective measures performance over different time scales. Investigators may also want determine power relative each other. However, currently available tools designed...
Questions about the evolution of material culture are widespread in humanities and social sciences. Statistical modeling long-term changes is less common due to a lack appropriate frameworks. Our goal close this gap provide robust statistical methods for examining diversity culture. We an open-source quantitative workflow estimating rates origination, extinction, preservation, as well identifying key shift points diversification histories demonstrate our approach using two distinct kinds...
We present the case of a young obese patient with recent COVID-19 (coronavirus disease 2019) who developed multisystem inflammatory syndrome (MIS) 1 month after spontaneous resolution. A 23-year-old African American man was admitted 1-week history worsening fatigue, myalgias, headache, and dyspnea. Nasopharyngeal swab for severe acute respiratory coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) negative by polymerase chain reaction; however, febrile had leukocytosis, elevated troponin I, transaminitis, kidney...
Undergraduate students participating in the UCLA Research Consortium for Functional Genomics (URCFG) have conducted a two-phased screen using RNA interference (RNAi) combination with fluorescent reporter proteins to identify genes important hematopoiesis Drosophila. This disrupted function of approximately 3500 and identified 137 candidate which loss leads observable changes hematopoietic development. Targeting RNAi maturing, progenitor, regulatory cell types key subsets that either limit or...
Single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in CYP2B6 have been shown to predict variation plasma efavirenz concentrations, but associations between these SNPs and efavirenz-mediated depression viral suppression are less well described. We evaluated three (rs3745274, rs28399499, rs4803419) Ugandan persons living with HIV. To define exposure, we used previously published pharmacokinetic modeling data categorize participants as normal, intermediate, poor metabolizers. Our outcomes were probable the...
SUMMARY Breast milk secretory IgA antibodies provide a first line of defense against enteric infections. Despite this and an effective vaccine, human rotaviruses (RVs) remain the leading cause severe infectious diarrhea in children low- middle-income countries (LMIC) where vaccine efficacy is lower than that developed nations. Therapeutic strategies deliver potently neutralizing into could protection pathogens such as RVs. We murine model maternal protective-transfer using systemic...
Little is known about the impact of HIV infection on clinical presentation and outcomes after stroke in modern antiretroviral therapy (ART) era. We aimed to compare characteristics between persons with (PWH) without (PWOH) presenting Uganda.
Background and Purpose— Rates of intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH) are estimated to be highest globally in sub-Saharan Africa. However, outcomes ICH poorly described standard prognostic markers for have not been validated the region. Methods— We enrolled consecutive patients with computed tomography-confirmed at a referral hospital southwestern Uganda. recorded demographic, clinical, radiographic features ICH, calculated scores. fit Poisson regression models robust variance estimation determine...