A5069744762- Sleep and Wakefulness Research
- Sleep and related disorders
- Primate Behavior and Ecology
- Circadian rhythm and melatonin
- Animal Vocal Communication and Behavior
- Animal Behavior and Reproduction
- Human-Animal Interaction Studies
- Olfactory and Sensory Function Studies
- Memory and Neural Mechanisms
- Pleistocene-Era Hominins and Archaeology
- Animal Behavior and Welfare Studies
- Neuroendocrine regulation and behavior
- Forensic Anthropology and Bioarchaeology Studies
- Paranormal Experiences and Beliefs
- Sleep and Work-Related Fatigue
- Morphological variations and asymmetry
- Infant Health and Development
- Evolutionary Psychology and Human Behavior
- Veterinary Practice and Education Studies
- Urban, Neighborhood, and Segregation Studies
- Radio, Podcasts, and Digital Media
- Sodium Intake and Health
- Media Influence and Health
- Blood Pressure and Hypertension Studies
- Impact of Light on Environment and Health
University of Toronto
2017-2025
Duke University
2014-2021
Evolutionary Genomics (United States)
2014
University of Nevada, Las Vegas
2014
Indiana University Bloomington
2006-2013
Indiana University
2012
The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention declared sleep-related problems to be a public health epidemic. With the advent of biometric sleep tracking technology taking lab into field, study human is now global, these new datasets show contrasting findings. Previous reports suggest in small-scale, non-industrial societies short fragmented yet characterized by greater circadian rhythmicity. However, role rhythm indicators understanding global variations patterns remains unclear. We...
Abstract Objectives Cross‐cultural sleep research is critical to deciphering whether modern expression the product of recent selective pressures, or an example evolutionary mismatch ancestral ecology. We worked with Hadza, equatorial, hunter‐gatherer community in Tanzania, better understand patterns and test hypotheses related segmentation. Methods used actigraphy analyze sleep‐wake thirty‐three volunteers for a total 393 days. Linear mixed effects modeling was performed assess ecological...
Abstract Objectives Primates vary in their sleep durations and, remarkably, humans the least per 24‐hr period of 30 primates that have been studied. Using phylogenetic methods quantitatively situate human phenotypes within a broader primate comparative context, we investigated evolution architecture, focusing on: total duration, rapid eye movement (REM) non‐rapid (NREM) and proportion REM. Materials Methods We used two different Bayesian methods: prediction based on generalized squares...
Sleep is essential for survival, yet it also represents a time of extreme vulnerability to predation, hostile conspecifics and environmental dangers. To reduce the risks sleeping, sentinel hypothesis proposes that group-living animals share task vigilance during sleep, with some individuals sleeping while others are awake. investigate sentinel-like behaviour in humans, we investigated activity patterns at night among Hadza hunter-gatherers Tanzania. Using actigraphy, discovered all subjects...
The COVID-19 pandemic and its associated stressors have impacted the daily lives sleeping patterns of many individuals, including university students. Dreams may provide insight into how mind processes changing realities; dreams not only allow consolidation new information, but give opportunity to creatively “play out” low-risk, hypothetical threat simulations. While there are studies that analyze in high-stress situations, little is known has aim this study was explore dream content...
The nightly construction of an arboreal sleeping platform (SP) has been observed among every chimpanzee's population studied to date. Here, we report on bioclimatic aspects SP site choice dry‐habitat chimpanzees ( Pan troglodytes schweinfurthii ) at the Toro‐Semliki Wildlife Reserve, Uganda. We placed a portable weather monitor within 1 m chimpanzee SPs and compared microenvironment this with terrestrial monitors 10 cm above ground directly underneath simultaneously SP. calculated physical...
We studied sleep in a rural population Madagascar to (i) characterize an equatorial small-scale agricultural without electricity, (ii) assess whether is linked noise levels dense population, and (iii) examine the effects of experimentally introduced artificial light on timing.Using actigraphy, sleep-wake patterns were analyzed for both daytime napping nighttime wakefulness 21 participants sum total 292 days. Functional linear modeling was used 24-h time-averaged circadian investigate effect...
The daily construction of a sleeping platform or "nest" is universal behavior among large-bodied hominoids. Among chimpanzees, most populations consistently select particular tree species for nesting, yet the principles that guide preferences are poorly understood. At Semliki, Cynometra alexandri constitutes only 9.6% all trees in gallery forest which study ranges, but it was selected 73.6% 1,844 chimpanzee night beds we sampled. To determine whether physical properties influence nesting...
While most studies on Daylight Saving Time (DST) focus human sleep and well-being, there is a dearth of understanding how this sudden, human-mitigated change affects the routines companion animals. The objective study was to assess DST influenced morning activity pattern dogs ( Canis familiaris ). We used accelerometers record in 25 sled 29 caregiver-companion dog dyads located or near Ontario, Canada during Fall Back time shift. looked at onset based sunrise (both groups), handler arrival...
ABSTRACT Introduction The positive effects of physical activity (PA) on sleep are widely promoted by public health organizations and supported abundant empirical evidence. Nonetheless, there remains a dearth studies investigating the association between daytime PA nighttime among non‐urban nonindustrial populations that habitually engage in as part their subsistence strategy. Methods Here, we examined bidirectional relationship sleep. We also looked at age, gender, occupation‐level...
Of the extant primates, only 20 non-human species have been studied by sleep scientists. Notable sampling gaps exist, including large-bodied hominoids such as gorillas ( Gorilla gorilla ), orang-utans Pongo spp.) and bonobos Pan paniscus for which data characterized high priority. Here, we report architecture of three female two male housed at Indianapolis Zoo. Sleep states were identified scoring correlated behavioural signatures (e.g., respiration, gross body movement, muscle atonia,...
ABSTRACT The nightly construction of arboreal sleeping platforms or “nests” has been observed among every great ape population studied to date. However, this behavior never reported in any other nonhuman primate and comparisons between monkey sleep illuminate the link substrates, positional behavior, efficiency. Here, we compare depth efficiency night‐time a large‐bodied cercopithecoid ( Papio papio ) hominoid Pongo spp.) at Indianapolis Zoo. We used infrared videography assess awake...
The human sleep pattern is paradoxical. Sleep vital for optimal physical and cognitive performance, yet humans the least of all primates. In addition, consolidated continuous monophasic evidently advantageous, emerging comparative data sets from small-scale societies show that phasing sleep–wake activity highly variable characterized by significant nighttime activity. To reconcile these phenomena, social hypothesis proposes extant traits emerged because technological niche construction....
Abstract The function of dreams is a longstanding scientific research question. Simulation theories dream function, which are based on the premise that represent evolutionary past selective pressures and fitness improvement through modified states consciousness, have yet to be tested in cross-cultural populations include small-scale forager societies. Here, we analyze content with comparisons between BaYaka (Rep. Congo) Hadza (Tanzania) foraging groups Global North populations, test...
Elevated blood pressure presents a global health threat, with rates of hypertension increasing in low and middle-income countries. Lifestyle changes may be an important driver these increases pressure. Hypertension is particularly prevalent African countries, though the majority studies have focused on mainland Africa. We collected demographic data from 513 adults living community rural Madagascar. used generalized linear mixed models to assess body mass index (BMI), age, sex, attributes...
Abstract In humans, pain due to osteoarthritis has been demonstrated be associated with insomnia and sleep disturbances that affect perception of pain, productivity, quality life. Dogs, which develop spontaneous represent an increasingly used model for human osteoarthritis, would expected show similar disturbances. Further, these should mitigated by analgesic therapy. Previous efforts quantify in osteoarthritic dogs using accelerometry have not a beneficial effect therapy; this is despite...
Abstract Objectives The pooling of energetic resources and food sharing have been widely documented among hunter‐gatherer societies. Much less is known about how the costs daily activities are distributed across individuals in such groups, including between women men. Moreover, metabolic physiological correlates those relatively understudied. Materials methods Here, we tracked physical activity, energy expenditure (EE), cortisol production Congo Basin BaYaka foragers engaged a variety...