A5067444762- Toxoplasma gondii Research Studies
- Herpesvirus Infections and Treatments
- Parasitic Infections and Diagnostics
- Cytomegalovirus and herpesvirus research
- Rabies epidemiology and control
- Parasites and Host Interactions
- Coccidia and coccidiosis research
- Immune Cell Function and Interaction
- Trypanosoma species research and implications
- Research on Leishmaniasis Studies
- interferon and immune responses
- Travel-related health issues
- Aquaculture disease management and microbiota
- Immune Response and Inflammation
- Helminth infection and control
- Inflammasome and immune disorders
- Gut microbiota and health
- Cholinesterase and Neurodegenerative Diseases
- HIV Research and Treatment
- Malaria Research and Control
- Animal Disease Management and Epidemiology
- Legume Nitrogen Fixing Symbiosis
- Immunotherapy and Immune Responses
- Parasite Biology and Host Interactions
- Parasitic infections in humans and animals
National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases
2016-2025
National Institutes of Health
2016-2025
University of York
2024
Emory University
2024
Houston Methodist
2024
Aastrom Biosciences (United States)
2024
Daicel (Japan)
2024
Public Health Wales
2024
Aletheia University
2024
University of British Columbia
1991-2021
To facilitate genotyping of Toxoplasma gondii in vitreous fluid patients with severe or atypical ocular toxoplasmosis, polymerase chain reaction (PCR) restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP) assays were developed for SAG3 (p43) and SAG4 (p18), 2 single-copy surface antigen genes. Together strategies SAG1, SAG2, B1, multilocus RFLP analyses performed on PCR-amplified parasite DNA present 12 clinical specimens. Most samples (8/12) not infected by type II III mouse-avirulent strains....
Induction of immunity that limits Toxoplasma gondii infection in mice is critically dependent on the activation innate immune response. In this study, we investigated role cytoplasmic nucleotide-binding domain and leucine-rich repeat containing a pyrin (NLRP) inflammasome sensors during acute toxoplasmosis mice. We show vitro murine bone marrow-derived macrophages activates NLRP3 inflammasome, resulting rapid production cleavage interleukin-1β (IL-1β), with no measurable IL-18 pyroptosis....
Abstract Toxoplasma gondii is among the most prevalent parasites worldwide, infecting many wild and domestic animals causing zoonotic infections in humans. T. differs substantially its broad distribution from closely related that typically have narrow, specialized host ranges. To elucidate genetic basis for these differences, we compared genomes of 62 globally distributed isolates to several coccidian parasites. Our findings reveal tandem amplification diversification secretory pathogenesis...
Toxoplasma gondii is a zoonotic protozoan parasite which infects nearly one third of the human population and found in an extraordinary range vertebrate hosts. Its epidemiology depends heavily on horizontal transmission, especially between rodents its definitive host, cat. Neospora caninum recently discovered close relative Toxoplasma, whose host dog. Both species are tissue-dwelling Coccidia members phylum Apicomplexa; they share many common features, but neither humans nor shares same wide...
Abstract Almost any warm-blooded creature can be an intermediate host for Toxoplasma gondii . However, sexual reproduction of T occurs only in felids, wherein fertilisation haploid macrogametes by microgametes, results diploid zygotes, around which a protective wall develops, forming unsporulated oocysts. Unsporulated oocysts are shed the faeces cats and meiosis gives rise to sporozoites within These, now infectious, sporulated contaminate environment as source infection people their...
Toxoplasma gondii is a common human pathogen causing serious, even fatal, disease in the developing fetus and immunocompromised patients. Despite its ability to reproduce sexually broad geographic host range, has clonal population structure comprised principally of three lines. We have analyzed 15 polymorphic loci archetypal type I, II, III strains found that polymorphism was limited to, at most, two rather than allelic classes no detected between alleles given type. Multilocus analysis 10...
We examined the in vivo growth, dissemination, and reactivation of strains protozoan parasite Toxoplasma gondii using a bioluminescence-based imaging system. Two T. strains, one with highly virulent disease phenotype mice (S23) other 1,000-fold-lower virulence (S22), were engineered to stably express light-emitting protein luciferase. One clone each wild-type strain was isolated, two clones (S23-luc7 S22-luc2) found similar levels Mice infected intraperitoneally S23-luc7 (50 or 5 parasites)...
Background. Congenital toxoplasmosis is a severe, life-altering disease in the United States. A recently developed enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) distinguishes Toxoplasma gondii parasite types (II and not exclusively II [NE-II]) by detecting antibodies human sera that recognize allelic peptide motifs of distinct types.
Toxoplasma gondii is an intracellular parasite that infects a wide range of warm-blooded species. Rats vary in their susceptibility to this parasite. The Toxo1 locus conferring resistance rats was previously mapped region chromosome 10 containing Nlrp1. This gene encodes inflammasome sensor controlling macrophage sensitivity anthrax lethal toxin (LT) induced rapid cell death (pyroptosis). We show here rat strain differences infected pyroptosis, IL-1β/IL-18 processing, and inhibition...
In 1995, one of the largest outbreaks human toxoplasmosis occurred in Pacific Northwest region North America. Genetic typing identified a novel Toxoplasma gondii strain linked to outbreak, which wide spectrum disease was observed. For this globally-distributed, water-borne zoonosis, type is variable influencing disease, but inability consistently explain variations severity suggests that parasite genotype alone does not determine outcome infection. We investigated polyparasitism (infection...
In a cross sectional study, 19 French and 23 Colombian cases of confirmed active ocular toxoplasmosis (OT) were evaluated. The objective was to compare clinical, parasitological immunological responses relate them the infecting strains. A complete examination performed in each patient. strain characterized by genotyping when intraocular Toxoplasma DNA detectable, as well peptide-specific serotyping for To characterize immune response, we assessed protein recognition patterns antibodies...
ABSTRACT Leishmania tropica , a unicellular eukaryotic parasite present in North and East Africa, the Middle East, Indian subcontinent, has been linked to large outbreaks of cutaneous leishmaniasis displaced populations Iraq, Jordan, Syria. Here, we report genome sequence this pathogen 7,863 identified protein-coding genes, show that majority clinical isolates possess high levels allelic diversity, genetic admixture, heterozygosity, extensive aneuploidy. By utilizing paired genome-wide...
The apicomplexan parasite Toxoplasma gondii is cosmopolitan in nature, largely as a result of its highly flexible life cycle. Felids are only definitive hosts and wide range mammals birds serve intermediate hosts. latent bradyzoite stage orally infectious all warm-blooded vertebrates establishes chronic, transmissible infections. When bradyzoites ingested by felids, they transform into merozoites enterocytes expand asexually part their coccidian In other hosts, however, differentiate...
Invertebrate stages of Leishmania are capable genetic exchange during their extracellular growth and development in the sand fly vector. Here we explore two variables: ability diverse L. major strains from across its natural range to undergo mating pairwise tests; timing appearance hybrids developmental stage associations within both (Phlebotomus duboscqi) unnatural (Lutzomyia longipalpis) vectors. Following co-infection flies with parental lines bearing independent drug markers, doubly-drug...
Hybrid genotypes have been repeatedly described among natural isolates of Leishmania, and the recovery experimental hybrids from sand flies co-infected with different strains or species Leishmania has formally demonstrated that members genus possess machinery for genetic exchange. As neither gamete stages nor cell fusion events directly observed during parasite development in vector, we relied on a classical analysis to determine if true sexual cycle. Here, used whole genome sequencing...