A5007786518- SARS-CoV-2 and COVID-19 Research
- COVID-19 Clinical Research Studies
- Long-Term Effects of COVID-19
- Inflammasome and immune disorders
- SARS-CoV-2 detection and testing
- Bacillus and Francisella bacterial research
- Immune cells in cancer
- Ubiquitin and proteasome pathways
- Cytokine Signaling Pathways and Interactions
- Lung Cancer Treatments and Mutations
- Respiratory Support and Mechanisms
- Immune Response and Inflammation
- RNA modifications and cancer
- Viral Infections and Outbreaks Research
- interferon and immune responses
- Pulmonary Hypertension Research and Treatments
- Animal Virus Infections Studies
- Chronic Myeloid Leukemia Treatments
- Cancer Mechanisms and Therapy
- Pneumocystis jirovecii pneumonia detection and treatment
- Sepsis Diagnosis and Treatment
- Calcium signaling and nucleotide metabolism
- Histone Deacetylase Inhibitors Research
- Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress and Disease
- Phagocytosis and Immune Regulation
The Ohio State University
2020-2025
The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center
2022-2025
Lung Institute
2023
SleepMed
2023
Sutter Davis Hospital
2021
University of Pittsburgh Medical Center
2012-2019
University of Pittsburgh
2012-2019
UPMC Montefiore
2017
UPMC Hillman Cancer Center
2010-2013
University of Chicago
2010
Recent reports of SARS-CoV-2 Omicron variant sub-lineages, BA.1, BA.1.1, and BA.2, have reignited concern over potential escape from vaccine- infection-induced immunity. We examine the sensitivity these sub-lineages other major variants to neutralizing antibodies mRNA-vaccinated boosted individuals, as well recovered COVID-19 patients, including those infected with Omicron. find that all especially BA.1 exhibit substantial immune is largely overcome by mRNA vaccine booster doses. While...
Evolution of SARS-CoV-2 requires the reassessment current vaccine measures. Here, we characterized BA.2.86 and XBB-derived variant FLip by investigating their neutralization alongside D614G, BA.1, BA.2, BA.4/5, XBB.1.5, EG.5.1 sera from 3-dose-vaccinated bivalent-vaccinated healthcare workers, XBB.1.5-wave-infected first responders, monoclonal antibody (mAb) S309. We assessed biology spikes measuring viral infectivity membrane fusogenicity. is less immune evasive compared to other XBB...
Evolution of SARS-CoV-2 requires the reassessment current vaccine measures. Here, we characterized BA.2.86 and XBB-lineage variant FLip by investigating their neutralization alongside D614G, BA.1, BA.2, BA.4/5, XBB.1.5, EG.5.1 sera from 3-dose vaccinated bivalent healthcare workers, XBB.1.5-wave infected first responders, monoclonal antibody (mAb) S309. We assessed biology Spikes measuring viral infectivity membrane fusogenicity. is less immune evasive compared to other XBB variants,...
Highlights•SLip, FLiRT, and KP.2 are poorly neutralized by bivalent-vaccinated sera•XBB.1.5-vaccinated hamster JN.1 patient sera SLip, KP.2•S mutations R346T, L455S, F456L alter ACE2 binding neutralization epitopes•SLip, spikes exhibit less fusion processing relative to JN.1SummaryWe investigate JN.1-derived subvariants for antibodies in vaccinated individuals, severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2)-infected patients, or class III monoclonal antibody S309. Compared...
The rapid evolution of SARS-CoV-2 variants presents a constant challenge to the global vaccination effort. In this study, we conducted comprehensive investigation into two newly emerged variants, BA.2.87.1 and JN.1, focusing on their neutralization resistance, infectivity, antigenicity, cell-cell fusion, spike processing. Neutralizing antibody (nAb) titers were assessed in diverse cohorts, including individuals who received bivalent mRNA vaccine booster, patients infected during...
SARS-CoV-2 variants derived from the immune evasive JN.1 are on rise worldwide. Here, we investigated JN.1-derived subvariants SLip, FLiRT, and KP.2 for their ability to be neutralized by antibodies in bivalent-vaccinated human sera, XBB.1.5 monovalent-vaccinated hamster sera people infected during BA.2.86/JN.1 wave, class III monoclonal antibody (Mab) S309. We found that compared parental JN.1, SLip KP.2, especially exhibit increased resistance COVID-19 BA.2.86/JN.1-wave convalescent sera....
Background Head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) has had little improvement in mortality rates decades. A clearer understanding of the HNSCC tumor microenvironment will aid finding more effective targeted therapies for this disease. Tumor‐associated fibroblasts (TAFs) are largest stromal cellular components HNSCC. Methods We isolated TAFs from clinical cases propagated vitro . The effects TAF‐secreted paracrine factors on migration, invasion, proliferation was assessed. effect growth...
The SARS-CoV-2 B.1.1.529/Omicron variant was first characterized in South Africa and swiftly designated a of concern 1 . Of great is its high number mutations, including 30-40 mutations the virus spike (S) protein compared to 7-10 for other variants. Some these have been shown enhance escape from vaccine-induced immunity, while others remain uncharacterized. Additionally, reports increasing frequencies Omicron may indicate higher rate transmission However, transmissibility degree resistance...
SUMMARY During the summer of 2024, COVID-19 cases surged globally, driven by variants derived from JN.1 subvariants SARS-CoV-2 that feature new mutations, particularly in N-terminal domain (NTD) spike protein. In this study, we report on neutralizing antibody (nAb) escape, infectivity, fusion, and stability these subvariants—LB.1, KP.2.3, KP.3, KP.3.1.1. Our findings demonstrate all are highly evasive nAbs elicited bivalent mRNA vaccine, XBB.1.5 monovalent mumps virus-based or infections...
While it is established that vaccination reduces risk of hospitalization, there conflicting data on whether improves outcome among hospitalized COVID-19 patients. This study evaluated clinical outcomes and antibody (Ab) responses to severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection/vaccines in patients with failure (ARF) various comorbidities.
ABSTRACT During the summer of 2024, coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) cases surged globally, driven by variants derived from JN.1 subvariants severe acute respiratory syndrome 2 that feature new mutations, particularly in N-terminal domain (NTD) spike protein. In this study, we report on neutralizing antibody (nAb) escape, infectivity, fusion, and stability these subvariants—LB.1, KP.2.3, KP.3, KP.3.1.1. Our findings demonstrate all are highly evasive nAbs elicited bivalent mRNA vaccine,...
The acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) is a common complication of severe COVID-19 (coronavirus disease 2019) caused by SARS-CoV-2 (severe coronavirus 2) infection. Knowledge molecular mechanisms driving host responses to limited the lack reliable preclinical models that recapitulate human illness. Further, existing animal are not characterized as experimental lung injury (ALI) or ARDS. Acknowledging differences in and ARDS, here we systematically evaluate model result infection...
Abstract Inflammasomes regulate innate immune responses by facilitating maturation of inflammatory cytokines, interleukin (IL)-1β and IL-18. NACHT, LRR PYD domains-containing protein 7 (NALP7) is one inflammasome constituent, but little known about its cellular handling. Here we show a mechanism for NALP7 stabilization activation the Toll-like receptor (TLR) agonism with bacterial lipopolysaccharide (LPS) synthetic acylated lipopeptide Pam3CSK4. constitutively ubiquitinated recruited to...
Azithromycin, an antibiotic used for multiple infectious disorders, exhibits anti-inflammatory effects, but the molecular basis this activity is not well characterized. Azithromycin inhibits IL-1β-mediated inflammation that dependent, in part, on inflammasome activity. Here, we investigated effects of azithromycin NACHT, LRR, and PYD domains-containing protein 3 (NALP3) protein, which sensing component NALP3 inflammasome, human monocytes.
SARS-CoV-2 continues to evolve, producing new variants that drive global COVID-19 surges. XEC, a recombinant of KS.1.1 and KP.3.3, contains T22N F59S mutations in the spike protein's N-terminal domain (NTD). The mutation, similar DelS31 mutation KP.3.1.1, introduces potential N-linked glycosylation site XEC. In this study, we examined neutralizing antibody (nAb) response effects sera from bivalent-vaccinated healthcare workers, BA.2.86/JN.1 wave-infected patients, XBB.1.5...
ABSTRACT Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) continues to evolve, producing new variants that drive global disease 2019 surges. XEC, a recombinant of KS.1.1 and KP.3.3, contains T22N F59S mutations in the spike protein’s N-terminal domain (NTD). The mutation, similar DelS31 mutation KP.3.1.1, introduces potential N-linked glycosylation site XEC. In this study, we examined neutralizing antibody (nAb) response effects sera from bivalent-vaccinated healthcare workers,...
Severe COVID-19 is often complicated by hypoxemic respiratory failure and acute distress syndrome (ARDS). Mechanisms governing lung injury repair in ARDS remain poorly understood. We hypothesized that plasma proteomics may uncover protein biomarkers correlated with severity. analyzed the proteome from 32 patients using an aptamer-based platform of 7289 proteins, measurements sequential organ assessment (SOFA) scores at days 1 7 ICU admission. identified 184 differentially abundant proteins...
Chemoprevention of head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC), a disease associated with high mortality rates frequent occurrence second primary tumor (SPT), is an important clinical goal. The epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR)-signal transducer activator transcription (STAT)-3 signaling pathway known to play key role in HNSCC growth, survival, prognosis, thereby serving as potential therapeutic target the treatment HNSCC. In current study, 4-nitroquinoline-1-oxide (4-NQO)-induced...
The NACHT, LRR and PYD domains-containing protein 3 (NLRP3) inflammasome is a multimeric, cytoplasmic, complex that regulates maturation secretion of interleukin (IL)-1β, potent pro-inflammatory cytokine. Critical to host defense against pathogens, IL-1β amplifies early innate immune responses by activating transcription numerous other cytokines chemokines. Excessive associated with poor outcomes in inflammatory illnesses, such as sepsis the acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS). Tight...
Summary The rising case numbers of the SARS-CoV-2 Omicron BA.4, BA.5, and BA.2.12.1 subvariants has generated serious concern about course pandemic. Here we examine neutralization resistance, infectivity, processing, fusogenicity spike from BA.4/5 variants compared with other Delta. Critically, found that new were more resistant to by mRNA-vaccinated boosted health care worker sera Omicron-BA.1-wave patient than BA.1 BA.2 variants. Interestingly, Delta-wave neutralized efficiently against...
Pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) features pathogenic and abnormal endothelial cells (ECs), one potential origin is clonal selection. We studied the role of p53 toll-like receptor 3 (TLR3) in expansion pulmonary (PH) via regulation bone morphogenetic protein (BMPR2) signaling. ECs PAH patients had reduced expression. EC-specific knockout exaggerated PH, TLR3 expression rat lung CD117+ ECs. Reduced degradation (Nutlin 3a) abolished EC expansion, induced BMPR2, ameliorated PH....
Introduction The acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) is a common complication of severe COVID-19 and contributes to patient morbidity mortality. ARDS heterogeneous caused by various insults, results in hypoxemic failure. Patients with from may represent subgroup patients distinct molecular profiles that drive disease outcomes. Here, we hypothesized longitudinal transcriptomic analysis identify dynamic pathobiological pathways during ARDS. Methods We identified cohort an existing ICU...