A5020194106- Animal Virus Infections Studies
- SARS-CoV-2 and COVID-19 Research
- Viral gastroenteritis research and epidemiology
- Animal Disease Management and Epidemiology
- SARS-CoV-2 detection and testing
- Viral Infections and Immunology Research
- Vector-Borne Animal Diseases
- Virus-based gene therapy research
- Influenza Virus Research Studies
- COVID-19 Clinical Research Studies
- Viral Infections and Vectors
- Bacillus and Francisella bacterial research
- COVID-19 epidemiological studies
- Poxvirus research and outbreaks
- Microbial infections and disease research
- Herpesvirus Infections and Treatments
- Veterinary medicine and infectious diseases
- Respiratory viral infections research
- Vector-borne infectious diseases
- Mosquito-borne diseases and control
Kansas State University
2019-2024
Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) is the cause of Disease 2019 (COVID-19) and responsible for current pandemic. Recent SARS-CoV-2 susceptibility studies in cats show that virus can replicate these companion animals transmit to other cats. Here, we present an in-depth study infection, disease transmission domestic Cats were challenged with via intranasal oral routes. One day post challenge (DPC), two sentinel introduced. Animals monitored clinical signs,...
SARS-CoV-2 was first reported circulating in human populations December 2019 and has since become a global pandemic. Recent history involving SARS-like coronavirus outbreaks have demonstrated the significant role of intermediate hosts viral maintenance transmission. Evidence natural infection experimental infections wide variety animal species been demonstrated,
Rapid evolution of highly pathogenic avian influenza viruses (HPAIVs) is driven by antigenic drift but also reassortment, which might result in robust replication and transmission to mammals. Recently, spillover clade 2.3.4.4b HPAIV mammals including humans, their between mammal species has been reported. This study aimed evaluate the pathogenicity transmissibility a mink-derived H5N1 isolate from Spain pigs. Experimental infection caused interstitial pneumonia with necrotizing bronchiolitis...
Since the first emergence of highly pathogenic avian influenza (HPAI) H5N1 viruses in dairy cattle, virus has continued to spread, reaching at least 17 states and 970 herds United States. Subsequently, spillovers from cattle humans have been reported. Pigs are an important reservoir ecology because they serve as a mixing vessel which novel reassortant with pandemic potential can be generated. Here, we show that oro-respiratory infection pigs resulted productive replication bovine-derived...
SARS-CoV-2 is the causative agent of COVID-19 and responsible for current global pandemic. We others have previously demonstrated that cats are susceptible to infection can efficiently transmit virus naïve cats. Here, we address whether exposed be re-infected with SARS-CoV-2. In two independent studies, SARS-CoV-2-infected were re-challenged at 21 days post primary challenge (DPC) necropsies performed 4, 7 14 post-secondary (DP2C). Sentinels co-mingled 1 DP2C. Clinical signs recorded, nasal,...
Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) is responsible for a global pandemic that has had significant impacts on human health and economies worldwide. SARS-CoV-2 highly transmissible the cause of disease 2019 in humans. A wide range animal species have also been shown to be susceptible by experimental and/or natural infections. Sheep are commonly farmed domestic ruminant not thoroughly investigated their susceptibility SARS-CoV-2. Therefore, we performed vitro vivo...
Summary In March 2024, highly pathogenic avian influenza virus (HPAIV) clade 2.3.4.4b H5N1 infections in dairy cows were first reported from Texas, USA. Rapid dissemination to more than 190 farms 13 states followed. Here, we provide results of two independent experimental infection studies evaluating (i) oronasal susceptibility and transmission calves a US bovine isolate genotype B3.13 (H5N1 B3.13) (ii) lactating following direct mammary gland inoculation either or current EU wild bird euDG...
Since its first emergence in 2019, severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) has continued to evolve genetically, jump species barriers, and expand host range. There is growing evidence of interspecies transmission including infection domestic animals widespread circulation wildlife. However, knowledge SARS-CoV-2 stability animal biological fluids their role still limited as previous studies focused on human fluids. Therefore, this study aimed determine the from three...
Abstract SARS-CoV-2, a novel Betacoronavirus , was first reported circulating in human populations December 2019 and has since become global pandemic. Recent history involving SARS-like coronavirus outbreaks (SARS-CoV MERS-CoV) have demonstrated the significant role of intermediate reservoir hosts viral maintenance transmission cycles. Evidence SARS-CoV-2 natural infection experimental infections wide variety animal species been demonstrated, silico vitro studies indicated that deer are...
Abstract Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) is the cause of Disease 2019 (COVID-19) and responsible for current pandemic. Recent SARS-CoV-2 susceptibility transmission studies in cats show that virus can replicate these companion animals transmit to other cats. Here, we present an in-depth study infection, associated disease dynamics domestic Six 4- 5-month-old were challenged with via intranasal oral routes simultaneously. One day post challenge (DPC), two sentinel...
Since emerging in late 2019, severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) has repeatedly crossed the species barrier with natural infections reported various domestic and wild animal species. The emergence global spread of SARS-CoV-2 variants concern (VOCs) expanded range susceptible host Previous experimental infection studies cattle using Wuhan-like isolates suggested that were not likely amplifying hosts for SARS-CoV-2. However, sero- RNA-positive have since been...
It is critical to understand the role feed manufacturing may have regarding potential African swine fever virus (ASFV) transmission, especially given evidence that and/or ingredients be vectors. The objective of study was evaluate distribution ASFV in a mill following manufacture contaminated feed. To accomplish this, pilot-scale consisting mixer, bucket elevator, and spouting constructed BSL-3Ag facility. First, batch ASFV-free manufactured, followed by had an ASFV-contaminated ingredient...
African swine fever (ASF) is an infectious viral disease caused by virus (ASFV), that causes high mortality in domestic and wild boar (Sus scrofa). Currently, outbreaks are mitigated through strict quarantine measures the culling of affected herds, resulting massive economic losses to global pork industry. In 2019, ASFV outbreak was reported Mongolia, describing a rapidly progressing clinical gross lesions consistent with acute form ASF; identified as genotype II virus. Due limited...
SARS-CoV-2 is a zoonotic virus first identified in 2019, and has quickly spread worldwide. The primarily transmitted through respiratory droplets from infected persons; however, the virus-laden excretions can contaminate surfaces which serve as potential source of infection. Since beginning pandemic, continued to evolve accumulate mutations throughout its genome leading emergence variants concern (VOCs) exhibit increased fitness, transmissibility, and/or virulence. However, stability VOCs...
Abstract Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) is responsible for a global pandemic that has had significant impacts on human health and economies worldwide. SARS-CoV-2 highly transmissible the cause of disease 2019 (COVID-19) in humans. A wide range animal species have also been shown to be susceptible infection by experimental and/or natural infections. Domestic large cats, mink, ferrets, hamsters, deer mice, white-tailed deer, non-human primates susceptible, whereas...
One way to mitigate risk of feed-based pathogens for swine diets is quarantine feed ingredients before inclusion in complete diets. Data have been generated evaluating the stability viruses ingredients, but African fever virus (ASFV) or a manufacturing environment has not well characterized. Therefore, this study aimed determine ASFV DNA and on mill surfaces over time. A pilot-scale was used manufacture six sequential batches consisting batch ASFV-free feed, followed by inoculated with...
Abstract Rapid evolution of highly pathogenic avian influenza viruses (HPAIVs) is driven by antigenic drift but also reassortment, which might result in robust replication and transmission to mammals. Recently, spillover clade 2.3.4.4b HPAIV mammals including humans, their between mammal species has been reported. This study aimed evaluate the pathogenicity transmissibility a mink-derived H5N1 isolate from Spain pigs. Experimental infection caused moderate severe interstitial pneumonia with...
Japanese encephalitis virus (JEV) is a mosquito-borne flavivirus endemic in the Asia Pacific region. Despite use of several highly effective vaccines, it estimated that up to 44,000 new cases (JE) occur every year including 14,000 deaths and 24,000 survivors with permanent sequelae. Humoral immunity induced by vaccination critical for protection. Potently neutralizing antibodies reactive JEV envelope (E) protein are important since protective immune responses both live-attenuated inactivated...
It is critical to have methods that can detect and mitigate the risk of African swine fever virus (ASFV) in potentially contaminated feed or ingredients bound for United States. The purpose this work was evaluate batch sequencing as a mitigation technique ASFV contamination mill, determine if sampling method could identify following experimental inoculation. Batches were manufactured BSL-3Ag room at Kansas State University's Biosafety Research Institute Manhattan, Kansas. First, pilot...
Abstract SARS-CoV-2 is the causative agent of COVID-19 and responsible for current global pandemic. We others have previously demonstrated that cats are susceptible to infection can efficiently transmit virus naïve cats. Here, we address whether exposed be re-infected with SARS-CoV-2. In two independent studies, SARS-CoV-2-infected were re-challenged at 21 days post primary challenge (DPC) necropsies performed 4, 7 14 post-secondary (DP2C). Sentinels co-mingled 1 DP2C. Clinical signs...
Monkeypox virus (MPXV) is a re-emerging zoonotic poxvirus responsible for producing skin lesions in humans. Endemic sub-Saharan Africa, the 2022 outbreak with clade IIb strain has resulted ongoing sustained transmission of worldwide. MPXV relatively wide host range, infections reported rodent and non-human primate species. However, susceptibility many domestic livestock species remains unknown. Here, we report on susceptibility/transmission study pigs that were experimentally inoculated...
The African swine fever virus (ASFV) causes fatal disease in pigs and is currently spreading globally. Commercially safe vaccines are urgently required. Aiming to generate a novel live attenuated vaccine (LAV), recombinant ASFV was generated by deleting the viral O174L (PolX) gene. However, during vitro generation, an additional spontaneous deletion of genes belonging multigene families (MGF) occurred, creating mixture two viruses, namely, Arm-ΔPolX Arm-ΔPolX-ΔMGF. This used inoculate low...
Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), the virus responsible for COVID-19, has been found to infect various domestic and wild animal species. In this study, convenience serum samples from 575 bison, 180 elk, 147 wildlife species collected between 2020 2023 several regions in United States were analyzed presence of SARS-CoV-2-specific antibodies. Two commercial ELISA assays based on inhibition SARS-CoV-2 receptor-binding domain (sVNT) or nucleocapsid protein (N-ELISA)...