A5037624700- SARS-CoV-2 and COVID-19 Research
- Animal Virus Infections Studies
- Viral gastroenteritis research and epidemiology
- Glycogen Storage Diseases and Myoclonus
- Microbial Metabolites in Food Biotechnology
- SARS-CoV-2 detection and testing
- Animal Disease Management and Epidemiology
- Vector-Borne Animal Diseases
- Viral Infections and Immunology Research
- Enzyme Production and Characterization
- COVID-19 Clinical Research Studies
- Viral Infections and Vectors
- Lysosomal Storage Disorders Research
- Protein Tyrosine Phosphatases
- Metabolomics and Mass Spectrometry Studies
- Insect Resistance and Genetics
- Computational Drug Discovery Methods
- Virus-based gene therapy research
- Invertebrate Immune Response Mechanisms
- Food composition and properties
- Enzyme-mediated dye degradation
- Phytase and its Applications
- Fire effects on ecosystems
- Polysaccharides and Plant Cell Walls
- Plant nutrient uptake and metabolism
Kansas State University
2014-2024
University of Kentucky
2010-2021
Hospital Madre Teresa
2015
Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) is the cause of Disease 2019 (COVID-19) and responsible for current pandemic. Recent SARS-CoV-2 susceptibility studies in cats show that virus can replicate these companion animals transmit to other cats. Here, we present an in-depth study infection, disease transmission domestic Cats were challenged with via intranasal oral routes. One day post challenge (DPC), two sentinel introduced. Animals monitored clinical signs,...
Abstract The current COVID-19 (coronavirus disease 19) pandemic, caused by SARS-CoV-2, disproportionally affects the elderly and people with comorbidities like obesity associated type 2 diabetes mellitus. Small animal models are crucial for successful development validation of antiviral vaccines, therapies to study role that have on outcome viral infections. initially available SARS-CoV-2 isolates require adaptation in order use mouse angiotensin converting enzyme (mACE-2) entry receptor...
SARS-CoV-2 was first reported circulating in human populations December 2019 and has since become a global pandemic. Recent history involving SARS-like coronavirus outbreaks have demonstrated the significant role of intermediate hosts viral maintenance transmission. Evidence natural infection experimental infections wide variety animal species been demonstrated,
Abstract Starch contains phosphate covalently bound to the C6-position (70 80% of total phosphate) and C3-position (20 30%) glucosyl residues amylopectin fraction. In plants, transient phosphorylation starch renders granule surface more accessible glucan hydrolyzing enzymes is required for proper degradation. Phosphate also confers desired properties starch-derived pastes industrial applications. Arabidopsis thaliana, removal by phosphatase Excess4 (SEX4) essential breakdown. We identified a...
The emergence of SARS-CoV-2 has resulted in an ongoing global pandemic with significant morbidity, mortality, and economic consequences. susceptibility different animal species to is concern due the potential for interspecies transmission, requirement pre-clinical models develop effective countermeasures. In current study, we determined ability (i) replicate porcine cell lines, (ii) establish infection domestic pigs via experimental oral/intranasal/intratracheal inoculation, (iii) transmit...
Dye-decolorizing peroxidases (DyPs) are a family of H2O2-dependent heme that have shown potential applications in lignin degradation and valorization. However, the DyP kinetic mechanism remains underexplored. Using structural biology solvent isotope (sKIE) viscosity effects, many mechanistic characteristics been determined for B-class ElDyP from Enterobacter lignolyticus. Its structure revealed water molecule acts as sixth axial ligand two channels at diameters ∼3.0 8.0 Å lead to center. A...
SARS-CoV-2 is the causative agent of COVID-19 and responsible for current global pandemic. We others have previously demonstrated that cats are susceptible to infection can efficiently transmit virus naïve cats. Here, we address whether exposed be re-infected with SARS-CoV-2. In two independent studies, SARS-CoV-2-infected were re-challenged at 21 days post primary challenge (DPC) necropsies performed 4, 7 14 post-secondary (DP2C). Sentinels co-mingled 1 DP2C. Clinical signs recorded, nasal,...
Abstract Background Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) is a recently emerged that the causative agent of disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic. COVID-19 in humans characterized by wide range symptoms from asymptomatic to mild or severe illness including death. SARS-CoV-2 highly contagious and transmitted via oral–nasal route through droplets aerosols, contact with contaminated fomites. House flies are known transmit bacterial, parasitic viral diseases animals as...
Abstract Due to differences in human and murine angiotensin converting enzyme 2 (ACE-2) receptor, initially available SARS-CoV-2 isolates could not infect mice. Here we show that serial passaging of USA-WA1/2020 strain mouse lungs results “mouse-adapted” (MA-SARS-CoV-2) with mutations S, M, N genes, a twelve-nucleotide insertion the S gene. MA-SARS-CoV-2 infection causes mild disease, more pronounced morbidity depending on genetic background aged obese Two gene associated adaptation (N501Y,...
Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) is responsible for a global pandemic that has had significant impacts on human health and economies worldwide. SARS-CoV-2 highly transmissible the cause of disease 2019 in humans. A wide range animal species have also been shown to be susceptible by experimental and/or natural infections. Sheep are commonly farmed domestic ruminant not thoroughly investigated their susceptibility SARS-CoV-2. Therefore, we performed vitro vivo...
Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) is a zoonotic agent capable of infecting humans and wide range animal species. Over the duration pandemic, mutations in SARS-CoV-2 spike (S) protein have arisen, culminating spread several variants concern (VOCs) with various degrees altered virulence, transmissibility, neutralizing antibody escape. In this study, we used pseudoviruses that express specific S substitutions cell lines angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE2) from nine...
Significance Starch is the main carbohydrate storage molecule in plants and ubiquitous human life. Reversible starch phosphorylation key regulatory event catabolism. Excess4 (SEX4) preferentially dephosphorylates C6 position of glucose its absence results a dramatic accumulation leaf starch. We present structure SEX4 bound to phosphoglucan product, define mechanism specific activity, reverse specificity C3 via mutagenesis. The ability control has direct applications agriculture industrial...
Living organisms utilize carbohydrates as essential energy storage molecules. Starch is the predominant carbohydrate molecule in plants while glycogen utilized animals. a water-insoluble polymer that requires concerted activity of kinases and phosphatases to solubilize outer surface glucan mediate starch catabolism. All known plant genomes encode phosphatase Excess4 (SEX4). SEX4 can dephosphorylate both granule soluble phosphoglucans necessary for processive metabolism. The physical basis...
Abstract Starch is a water-insoluble, Glc-based biopolymer that used for energy storage and synthesized degraded in diurnal manner plant leaves. Reversible phosphorylation the only known natural starch modification required degradation planta. Critical to release activity of glucan phosphatases; however, structural basis dephosphorylation by phosphatases unknown. Here, we describe structure Arabidopsis thaliana phosphatase LIKE SEX FOUR2 (LSF2) both with without phospho-glucan product bound...
Glucan phosphatases are central to the regulation of starch and glycogen metabolism. Plants contain two known glucan phosphatases, Starch EXcess4 (SEX4) Like Sex Four2 (LSF2), which dephosphorylate starch. is water-insoluble reversible phosphorylation solubilizes its outer surface allowing processive degradation. Vertebrates a single phosphatase, laforin, that dephosphorylates glycogen. In absence water-soluble becomes insoluble, leading neurodegenerative disorder Lafora Disease. Because...
Abstract For efficient cell entry and membrane fusion, SARS-CoV-2 spike (S) protein needs to be cleaved at two different sites, S1/S2 S2’ by cellular proteases such as furin TMPRSS2. Polymorphisms in the S can affect cleavage, viral transmission, pathogenesis. Here, we investigated role of arising polymorphisms vitro vivo understand emergence variants. First, showed that S:655Y is selected after replication mink model. This mutation present Gamma Variant Of Concern (VOC) but it also occurred...
Abstract SARS-CoV-2, a novel Betacoronavirus , was first reported circulating in human populations December 2019 and has since become global pandemic. Recent history involving SARS-like coronavirus outbreaks (SARS-CoV MERS-CoV) have demonstrated the significant role of intermediate reservoir hosts viral maintenance transmission cycles. Evidence SARS-CoV-2 natural infection experimental infections wide variety animal species been demonstrated, silico vitro studies indicated that deer are...
Rift Valley fever (RVF) in ungulates and humans is caused by a mosquito-borne RVF phlebovirus (RVFV). Live attenuated vaccines are used livestock (sheep cattle) to control endemic regions during outbreaks. The ability of two or more different RVFV strains reassort when co-infecting host cell significant veterinary public health concern due the potential emergence newly reassorted viruses, since reassortment RVFVs has been documented nature experimental infection studies. Due very limited...