A5021999321- Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress and Disease
- Helicobacter pylori-related gastroenterology studies
- Inflammatory Bowel Disease
- Liver Disease Diagnosis and Treatment
- Autophagy in Disease and Therapy
- Inflammatory mediators and NSAID effects
- RNA modifications and cancer
- IL-33, ST2, and ILC Pathways
- Ferroptosis and cancer prognosis
- COVID-19 and healthcare impacts
- Cancer-related molecular mechanisms research
- Gut microbiota and health
- Pancreatitis Pathology and Treatment
- Pharmacological Effects of Natural Compounds
- COVID-19 Clinical Research Studies
- Neuroendocrine Tumor Research Advances
- Microscopic Colitis
- Eosinophilic Esophagitis
- Liver Disease and Transplantation
- Cytokine Signaling Pathways and Interactions
- Autoimmune and Inflammatory Disorders Research
- Fatty Acid Research and Health
- Alcohol Consumption and Health Effects
- PI3K/AKT/mTOR signaling in cancer
- Cardiovascular Effects of Exercise
Innsbruck Medical University
2010-2022
Universität Innsbruck
2020-2022
University Hospital Innsbruck
2019
University of Cambridge
2011-2017
Addenbrooke's Hospital
2012-2013
Abstract The increased incidence of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) has become a global phenomenon that could be related to adoption Western life-style. Westernization dietary habits is partly characterized by enrichment with the ω-6 polyunsaturated fatty acid (PUFA) arachidonic (AA), which entails risk for developing IBD. Glutathione peroxidase 4 (GPX4) protects against lipid peroxidation (LPO) and cell death termed ferroptosis. We report small intestinal epithelial cells (IECs) in Crohn’s...
ATG16L1T300A, a major risk polymorphism in Crohn's disease (CD), causes impaired autophagy, but it has remained unclear how this predisposes to CD. In study, we report that mice with Atg16l1 deletion intestinal epithelial cells (IECs) spontaneously develop transmural ileitis phenocopying ileal CD an age-dependent manner, driven by the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress sensor IRE1α. IRE1α accumulates Paneth of Atg16l1ΔIEC mice, and humans homozygous for ATG16L1T300A exhibit corresponding...
Understanding carboplatin resistance in ovarian cancer is critical for the improvement of patients' lives. Multipotent mesenchymal stem cells or an aggravated epithelial to transition phenotype a are integrally involved pathways conferring chemo-resistance. Long non-coding RNA HOTAIR (HOX transcript antisense intergenic RNA) cell fate and biology. We analyzed expression associated surrogate DNA methylation (DNAme) 134 primary cases (63 received carboplatin, 55 cisplatin 16 no chemotherapy)....
Unresolved endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress in the epithelium can provoke intestinal inflammation. Hypomorphic variants of ER response mediators, such as X-box–binding protein 1 (XBP1), confer genetic risk for inflammatory bowel disease. We report here that hypomorphic Xbp1 function instructs a multilayered regenerative epithelium. This is characterized by stem cell (ISC) expansion shown an inositol-requiring enzyme 1α (Ire1α)–mediated increase Lgr5+ and Olfm4+ ISCs Stat3-dependent...
Cytokines are considered crucial players in inflammatory-associated disorders throughout the body. Fatty liver diseases such as alcoholic disease (ALD) and non-alcoholic fatty (NAFLD) commonly characterized by lipid accumulation a substantial subset of patients with inflammation liver. Amount affects long-term outcome including evolution fibrosis, cirrhosis hepatocellular carcinoma. Especially pro-inflammatory cytokines Interleukin (IL)-1 (α β) tumor necrosis factor (TNF) α play central role...
Background & AimsCrohn's disease (CD) globally emerges with Westernization of lifestyle and nutritional habits. However, a specific dietary constituent that comprehensively evokes gut inflammation in human inflammatory bowel diseases remains elusive. We aimed to delineate how increased intake polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) Western diet, known impart risk for developing CD, affects course. hypothesized the unfolded protein response antioxidative activity glutathione peroxidase 4 (GPX4),...
<h3>Objective</h3> Intestinal epithelial cells (IECs) at the internal/external interface orchestrate mucosal immune response. Paneth secrete antimicrobial peptides and inflammatory mediators, protect from pathogens shape commensal microbiota. Prompted by genetic association of locus harbouring type I interferon (IFN) receptor (<i>IFNAR1</i>) with Crohn9s disease, a transcriptional signature for IFN signalling in cells, we studied function IFNAR1 IECs. <h3>Design</h3> Type was mice...
COVID-19 has spread rapidly around the world. The Austrian government implemented a lockdown on 16 March to contain further of disease. We investigated effects acute upper gastrointestinal (GI) bleeding in Austria.We contacted 98 hospitals performing emergency endoscopies. were asked report GI endoscopies performed for recent hematemesis, melena, or both, and exhibiting endoscopically visible signs bleeding. study period was from 3 weeks before (calendar Week 9) after (Week 14) initiation...
Since the first documented outbreak of a novel severe acute respiratory syndrome inducing Coronavirus in China at end 2019 virus has spread to all continents, leading WHO declare pandemic March 2020. While this primarily targets alveoli lungs, multiple authors have described an increased rate thrombo-embolic events affected patients. We present case myocardial infarction with no obstructive coronary atherosclerosis otherwise healthy 48-year-old patient.A female, presenting chest pain...
Summary Colorectal cancer (CRC) is one of the most frequent entities worldwide and a leading cause death. The disease known to develop from potentially curable, premalignant lesions over several years therefore suitable for screening procedures preventive measures. Several trials have demonstrated reduced incidence mortality in cohorts. A multitude different strategies CRC been implemented parts world. While randomized controlled studies directly comparing are still ongoing, colonoscopy...
Glutathione peroxidase 4 (GPX4) is an anti-oxidative enzyme which a key regulator of ferroptosis. Ferroptosis recently described cell death mechanism, defined by iron dependency and increased lipid peroxidation (LPO). A genome wide association study GPX4 as risk gene for Crohn's disease (CD). Up until now, there has been no link between LPO ferroptosis in the intestine CD patients.
Colorectal cancer (CRC) is the second most prevalent cause of death from in Western world (Lieberman, 2009).One third 147,000 patients diagnosed with CRC every year United States will succumb to disease 2009).Significant progress has been made revealing somatic genetic alterations CRC, ranging now classical adenoma-carcinoma sequence insights into genomic instability and patterns accumulation mutations at distinct genes loci (Kinzler Vogelstein, 1996; Cancer
The majority of patients diagnosed with pancreatic cancer have inoperable disease at the time presentation. For this reason, systemic treatment is cornerstone therapy and more options for now become available than were a decade ago. In short review, we will give an overview on therapeutic landscape in 2018 briefly discuss challenging topic neoadjuvant therapy. However, there are lot unsolved questions urgent need clinical trials new therapies. conclusion, despite recent advances, remains...
Gemcitabine, first approved for medical use in 1995, is a nucleoside analogue that shows activity against variety of solid tumors. In pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) gemcitabine used both adjuvant and palliative therapy. Myelosuppression, mild dyspnea fatigue are common side effects during treatment, but severe pulmonary toxicities like related pneumonitis (GRP) reported to be uncommon with incidence approximately 0.3 – 2% treated patients.