A5078785326- Gut microbiota and health
- Antimicrobial Resistance in Staphylococcus
- Clostridium difficile and Clostridium perfringens research
- Animal Behavior and Welfare Studies
- Animal Disease Management and Epidemiology
- Bacterial biofilms and quorum sensing
- Probiotics and Fermented Foods
- Milk Quality and Mastitis in Dairy Cows
- Bacterial Identification and Susceptibility Testing
- Viral gastroenteritis research and epidemiology
- Heavy Metal Exposure and Toxicity
- Urinary Tract Infections Management
- Oral microbiology and periodontitis research
- Sinusitis and nasal conditions
- Food Security and Health in Diverse Populations
- Otolaryngology and Infectious Diseases
- Nosocomial Infections in ICU
- Pediatric health and respiratory diseases
- Microscopic Colitis
- Food Safety and Hygiene
- Gastrointestinal motility and disorders
- Zoonotic diseases and public health
- Listeria monocytogenes in Food Safety
- Streptococcal Infections and Treatments
- Health, psychology, and well-being
University of Wisconsin–Madison
2017-2024
William S. Middleton Memorial Veterans Hospital
2018-2024
University of Iowa
2014-2023
Committee on Publication Ethics
2020
Marquette University
2020
Faculty of Public Health
2015
National Center for Emerging and Zoonotic Infectious Diseases
2015
Lead (Pb) is a ubiquitous environmental contaminant with an array of detrimental health effects in children and adults, including neurological immune dysfunction. Emerging evidence suggests that Pb exposure may alter the composition gut microbiota, however few studies have examined this association human populations. The purpose study was to examine between urinary concentration adult microbiota population-based sample adults. Data used were collected as part Survey Health Wisconsin (SHOW)...
Abstract Social disparities continue to limit universal access health care, directly impacting both lifespan and quality of life. Concomitantly, the gut microbiome has been associated with downstream outcomes including global rise in antibiotic resistance. However, limited evidence exists examining socioeconomic status (SES) associations composition. To address this, we collected information on community-level SES, microbiota, other individual cofactors colonization by multidrug-resistant...
Background. Livestock-associated Staphylococcus aureus (LA-SA) has been documented worldwide. However, much remains unknown about LA-SA colonization and infection, especially in rural environments. Methods. We conducted a large-scale prospective study of 1342 Iowans, including individuals with livestock contact community-based comparison group. Nasal throat swabs were collected to determine at enrollment, skin infection over 17 months assessed for S. aureus. Outcomes included carriage...
The human gut microbiome has a great deal of interpersonal variation due to both endogenous and exogenous factors, like household pet exposure. To examine the relationship between having in home composition diversity adult microbiome, we conducted case-control study nested larger, statewide study, Survey Health Wisconsin. Stool samples were collected from 332 participants unique households analyzed using 16S rRNA sequencing on Illumina MiSeq. One hundred seventy-eight had some type with dogs...
Perturbations in the gastrointestinal microbiome caused by antibiotics are a major risk factor for Clostridium difficile infection (CDI). Probiotics often recommended to mitigate CDI symptoms; however, there exists only limited evidence showing probiotic efficacy CDI. Here, we examined changes GI microbiota study population where treatment was associated with significantly reduced duration of diarrhea. Subjects being treated standard care primary episode were randomized or placebo 4 weeks....
Use of antimicrobials in animal agriculture is under increasing scrutiny, but the quantity used on large US dairy farms has not been evaluated using data from and different metrics. This study investigated total antimicrobial usage (AMU) adult cows preweaned calves (PWC) contrasted 2 metrics for measurement AMU. Wisconsin were eligible if they had >250 lactating cows, maintained computerized health records, willing to allow researchers access treatment records. Animal a 1-yr period was...
Highlights This intervention utilized the Health Belief Model and Theory of Planned Behavior to address knowledge social barriers that increase dairy farm workers’ risk antimicrobial-resistant infections. Dairy workers gained a significant in 8 desired outcomes, related occupational health skills reduce risks, from our intervention. Limited time was major barrier as why felt like they could not make behavioral changes would their risk. farmworkers showed strong likelihood making workplace...
The unprecedented 2.3.4.4b A(H5N1) outbreak in dairy cattle, poultry, and spillover to humans the United States (US) poses a major public health threat. Population immunity is critical component of influenza pandemic risk assessment. We conducted comprehensive assessment population viruses analyzed 1794 sera from 723 people (0.5-88 yrs) multiple US geographic regions during 2021-2024. Low pre-existing neutralizing hemagglutinin (HA) head binding antibodies substantial cross reactive N1...
Introduction Prevention of multidrug-resistant organism (MDRO) infections, such as those caused by methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus , vancomycin-resistant enterococci, fluoroquinolone-resistant Gram-negative bacteria and Clostridium difficile is crucial. Evidence suggests that dietary fibre increases gut microbial diversity, which may help prevent colonisation subsequent infection MDROs. The aim the Winning War on Antibiotic Resistance (WARRIOR) project to examine associations...
The aim of this research was to describe the incidence and treatments mastitis other common bovine diseases using one year retrospective observational data (n = 50,329 cow-lactations) obtained from herd management software 37 large dairy farms in Wisconsin. Incidence rate (IR) defined as number first cases each disease divided by lactations per farm. Clinical (CM) remains most diagnosed cows. Across all herds, mean IR (cases 100 24.4 for clinical mastitis, 14.5 foot disorders (FD), 11.2...
To determine the prevalence of intestinal S. aureus colonization patients at a large teaching hospital and molecular characteristics identified strains. The second objective this research was to risk factors associated with colonization.A cross-sectional study 781 specimens from inpatients outpatients University Iowa Hospitals Clinics Clinical Microbiology Laboratory conducted. using traditional culture methodologies. Methicillin-resistance determined via PCR mecA gene. PVL PCR, spa typing,...
Abstract Public health agencies have recommended that the public wear face coverings, including masks, to mitigate COVID-19 transmission. However, extent which has adopted this recommendation is unknown. An observational study of 3,271 members in May and June 2020 examined covering use at grocery stores across Wisconsin. We found only 41.2% used coverings. Individuals who appeared be female or older adults had higher odds using Additionally, location-specific variables such as expensiveness...
Little information exists on the microbiomes of livestock workers. A cross-sectional, epidemiological study was conducted enrolling 59 participants (26 which had contact) in Iowa. Participants were enrolled one four ways: from an existing prospective cohort (n = 38), Iowa Department Natural Resources Animal Feeding Operations database 17), through county fairs 3), and snowball sampling 1). We collected swabs nares oropharynx each participant to assess microbiome via 16s rRNA sequencing....
The role of household meat handling and consumption in the transfer Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus) from livestock to consumers is not well understood. Examining similarity S. colonizing humans stores which those individuals shop can provide insight into human colonization. isolates were collected rural urban communities Iowa (n = 3347) contemporaneously products where participants report purchasing 913). staphylococcal protein A (spa) gene was sequenced for all determine a spa type....
The study objective was to determine the prevalence of Staphylococcus aureus colonisation in nares and oropharynx healthy persons identify any risk factors associated with such S. colonisation. In total 263 participants (177 adults 86 minors) comprising 95 families were enrolled a year-long prospective cohort from one urban rural county eastern Iowa, USA, through local newspaper advertisements email lists Keokuk Rural Health Study. Potential including demographic factors, medical history,...
The objective of this observational study was to describe variations in partial direct costs clinical mastitis (CM) treatments among 37 dairy herds using data obtained from herd management records. Animal health and drug purchase records were retrospectively collected Wisconsin for a period 1 yr. Each farm visited verify case definitions, recording accuracy, detection criteria CM cases. Descriptive statistics used summarize cost drugs milk discard. Differences protocols, intramammary (IMM)...
Approximately 25%-35% of the 1991 Gulf War Veteran population report symptoms consistent with Illness (GWI), a chronic, multi-symptom illness characterised by fatigue, pain, irritable bowel syndrome and problems cognitive function. GWI is disabling problem for Veterans, there remains critical need to identify innovative, novel therapies.Gut microbiota perturbation plays key role in symptomatology other chronic illnesses, including myalgic encephalomyelitis/chronic fatigue (ME/CFS). Given...
Probiotics may represent a promising approach for reducing Clostridioides (Clostridium) difficile infections (CDIs). A clinical trial conducted by our group demonstrated that CDI patients undergoing adjunctive treatment with Lactobacillus and Bifidobacterium probiotics had reduction in diarrheal duration compositional changes their stool microbiomes. Here, we modified mouse model to outcomes observed employed this identify evidence the prevention of primary relapse same probiotic. Mice (n =...