<b>Objectives</b> To compare standard high flow oxygen treatment with titrated for patients an acute exacerbation of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease in the prehospital setting. <b>Design</b> Cluster randomised controlled parallel group trial. <b>Setting</b> Ambulance service Hobart, Tasmania, Australia. <b>Participants</b> 405 a presumed who were treated by paramedics, transported, and admitted to Royal Hobart Hospital during trial period; 214 had diagnosis confirmed lung function...

The purpose of this study was to tes a mediational model associations between parental overprotectiveness (OP), behavioral autonomy. and psychosocial adjustment in 68 families with 8- 9-year-old preadolescents spipa bifida demographically matched sample able-bodied children. Measures included questionnaire observational assessments OP; parent child reports autonomy; parent, child, teacher preadolescent adjustment. On the basis both measures OP, mothers fathers children spina were...

Objectives To assess benefits of telephone-delivered health mentoring in community-based chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). Design Cluster randomised controlled trial. Setting Tasmanian general practices: capital city (11), large rural (3), medium (1) and small (16). Participants Patients were invited (1207) from practitioner (GP) databases with COPD diagnosis and/or tiotropium prescription, response rate 49% (586), refused (176) excluded (criteria: smoking history or previous...

Purpose: To compare the performance of low muscle mass and function with falls risk, incident fracture mortality over 10 years.

1 The relationship between environment and the ability of plant species to resprout has been explored more in terms disturbance frequency than resource gradients, rarely examined non-Mediterranean landscapes. 2 fire response 296 non-eucalypt woody taxa was recorded five habitats New England Tablelands (NET) Bioregion eastern Australia: grassy woodlands, dry sclerophyll forests, rocky outcrops, wet heaths forests. We then tested whether there a dichotomy crown fire, proportion resprouters...

Intelligence and achievement test scores for 89 children with myelomeningocele (MM), ages 4 to 14 years, were obtained from medical records. These scored below the population average but within normal range on most tests. The greatest deficits occurred Performance IQ, arithmetic achievement, visual-motor integration (copying geometric designs). With increasing age, these fell further behind age-peers tests of performance while keeping pace reading spelling We speculate that findings may...

DOI: 10.1111/j.1469-8137.2007.02224.x Commentary p 235

Background: We recently reported that epithelial–mesenchymal transition (EMT) is active in the airways chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), suggesting presence of an profibrotic and promalignant stroma. With no data available on potential treatment effects, we undertook a blinded analysis inhaled corticosteroids (ICS) effects versus placebo EMT markers previously obtained endobronchial biopsies COPD patients, as "proof concept" study. Methods: Assessment fluticasone propionate (FP;...

Abstract While the influence of elevated CO 2 on production, mass and quality plant seeds has been well studied, effect warming these characters is largely unknown; there practically no information possible interactions between , despite importance in population maintenance recovery. Here, we present impacts warming, both isolation combination, seed mass, quality, germination success subsequent seedling growth Austrodanthonia caespitosa a dominant temperate C 3 grass from Australia, using...

Abstract Rising atmospheric carbon dioxide concentration ([CO 2 ]) has the potential to stimulate ecosystem productivity and sink strength, reducing effects of (C) emissions on climate. In terrestrial ecosystems, increasing [CO ] can reduce soil nitrogen (N) availability plants, preventing stimulation C assimilation; a process known as progressive N limitation. Using ion exchange membranes assess dissolved organic N, ammonium nitrate, we found that CO enrichment in an Australian, temperate,...

• Flowering is a critical stage in plant life cycles, and changes might alter processes at the species, community ecosystem levels. Therefore, likely flowering-time responses to global change drivers are needed for predictions of impacts on natural managed ecosystems. Here, impact elevated atmospheric CO2 concentration ([CO2]) (550 µmol mol−1) warming (+2ºC) reported flowering times native, species-rich, temperate grassland Tasmania, Australia both 2004 2005. Elevated [CO2] did not affect...

First Nations women in Australia diagnosed with type 2 diabetes, co-designed and attended a programmed shared medical appointment that included continuous glucose monitors culturally responsive food appreciation activities over 8 weekly sessions to improve glycaemic control. The project was single site, longitudinal change from baseline, mixed methods, feasibility study using HbA1c as the primary outcome measure. Secondary measures included, weight, metabolic health-related blood panels,...

ABSTRACT Associations between physical activity and time spent sedentary musculoskeletal outcomes remain unclear in middle-aged adults. This study aimed to describe associations objectively-measured health women. cross-sectional from a population-based sample of 309 women (age 36 57 years) examined total (accelerometer counts/min wear time), sedentary, light activities moderate-to-vigorous (MVPA) (by Actigraph GT1M accelerometer) with lumbar spine (LS) femoral neck (FN) bone mineral density...

With improved cancer survivorship, cardiovascular disease (CVD) and other noncancer events compete with as the underlying cause of death, but risks mortality in competing-risk settings have not been well characterized.The authors identified 21,637 individuals who had a first registered between 2006 2013, follow-up to 2015, Australian population-based Tasmanian Cancer Registry. The cumulative incidence deaths from specific competing was assessed analyses. Standardized ratios (SMRs) absolute...

Abstract Background ME/CFS is a disorder characterized by recurrent fatigue and intolerance to exertion which manifests as profound post-exertional malaise. Prevalence studies internationally have reported highly variable results due the 20 + diagnostic criteria. For Australia, prevalence of based on current case definitions unknown. Objectives To report in patients aged ≥ 13 years attending Australian primary care settings for 2015–2019, provide context patterns attendance people living...

The potential impacts of climate change on both natural and managed ecosystems are far-reaching only beginning to be understood. Here we describe a new experiment that aims determine the elevated concentration CO2 ([CO2]) temperature native Themeda–Austrodanthonia-dominated grassland ecosystem in south-eastern Tasmania. experimental site contains 60 vascular plant species. combines latest developments free-air enrichment (FACE) technology with use infrared (IR) heaters mimic environmental...

Sickle cell disease (SCD) conveys a high risk of neuropsychological impairment due to chronic anemia, hypoxemia, cerebrovascular ischemia and stroke, in addition causing pain other biomedical complications. Few families accessed testing via the traditional referral system. In this paper, we describe successful alternative strategy for addressing cognitive behavioral needs youth with SCD.The Cell Disease Program Learning Neuropsychological Evaluation (SCD-PLANE) was embedded 2007 into SCD...