<b>Aim:</b> To investigate changes in choroidal blood flow (CBF) the foveal region patients with type 2 diabetes. <b>Methods:</b> Laser Doppler flowmetry was used to determine CBF 70 diabetes and 36 age sex matched healthy subjects (control group). The were classified into three groups: 33 (33 eyes) no diabetic retinopathy (NDR), 20 (20 non-proliferative macular oedema (NPDR/MO−), 17 (17 NPDR MO (NPDR/MO+). Optical coherence tomography also measure thickness. <b>Results:</b> group averaged...

Purpose: To characterize the morphology of neovascularization at disc (NVD) and elsewhere (NVE) in treatment-naïve or previously treated proliferative diabetic retinopathy (PDR) patients using optical coherence tomography (OCT) angiography. Methods: En face OCT angiograms NVD/NVE 40 eyes 33 with PDR were acquired RTVue XR Avanti OCT. The on was evaluated, activity determined by biomicroscopy fluorescein angiography (FA). In 12 that treatment-naïve, changes vessel area before after panretinal...

Purpose: We quantitatively analyzed the features of a radial peripapillary capillary (RPC) network visualized using wide-field montage optical coherence tomography (OCT) angiography in healthy human eyes. Methods: Twenty eyes 20 subjects were recruited. En face 3 × 3-mm OCT angiograms multiple locations posterior pole acquired RTVue XR Avanti, and images RPC created. To evaluate density, binarized skeletonized. The correlation between density retinal nerve fiber layer (RNFL) thickness...

purpose. To evaluate wall shear stress (WSS) on retinal microcirculation noninvasively. methods. Retinal vessel diameter (D) and mean centerline blood velocity (Vmax, mean) were measured in the arterioles venules at first- second-order branches 13 subjects using laser Doppler velocimetry (LDV). flow (RBF) rate (WSR) calculated these two parameters. Blood viscosity was also a cone-plate viscometer. WSS as product of WSR viscosity. results. In first-order branches, averaged D, Vmax, mean, RBF,...

To evaluate the differences in retinal circulation eyes of patients with type 2 diabetes no or early-stage diabetic retinopathy compared control eyes.Seventy-five nondiabetic and 194 mellitus were evaluated. The classified into two groups: 139 (139 patients) without (NDR) 55 (55 mild nonproliferative (NPDR). circulatory parameters measured laser Doppler velocimetry, factors that affect hemodynamics determined a cross-sectional population diabetes.The group-averaged blood velocity (V) flow...

To compare the accuracy and repeatability of Fourier-domain optical coherence tomography (FD-OCT) with ultrasonic pachymetry (USP) a rotating Scheimpflug camera for measuring central corneal thickness (CCT).The CCT was measured in 30 subjects (30 normal corneas) by same examiner using RTVue-100 FD-OCT an anterior segment adaptor, Pentacam camera, SP-2000 USP. Two examiners obtained one measurement from 10 eyes 5 to assess interexaminer reproducibility.The mean (±SD) FD-OCT, USP, were 530 ±...

The aim of this study was to determine whether NOX2, one the homologs NADPH oxidase, plays a role in neuronal cell death during retinal ischemia.Ischemia reperfusion (I/R) injury generated C57/BL6 and NOX2(-/-) mice by increasing intraocular pressure (IOP) 110 mm Hg for 40 minutes followed reperfusion. Quantitative PCR Western blot analysis were performed measure NOX2 expression. Reactive oxygen species (ROS) formation assessed dihydroethidium imaging superoxide tyrosine nitration. TUNEL...

Resveratrol, a polyphenolic phytoalexin found in grapes and red wine, has been shown to exert cardiovascular benefits, but its action the retinal microcirculation remains unknown. In this study, direct effect underlying mechanism of vasomotor resveratrol were examined arterioles.Porcine arterioles isolated, cannulated, pressurized without flow for vitro study. Resveratrol-induced diameter changes recorded by videomicroscopic techniques.Retinal (65 +/- 3 microm) dilated dose dependently...

Purpose.: Physiological shear stress is higher in the retinal microcirculatory network than other organs. The effects of laminar on gene expression human microvascular endothelial cells (HRMECs) was investigated. Methods.: Cultured HRMECs glass plates were exposed to a 0, 1.5, 6, 15, 30, 60, or 100 dyne/cm2 for 24 hours and 60 1, 3, 12, 24, 48 hours. mRNA expressions nitric oxide synthase (eNOS), endothelin-1 (ET-1), thrombomodulin (TM) evaluated using real-time reverse transcription...

We investigated the effect of tofogliflozin, a sodium-dependent glucose cotransporter 2 inhibitor (SGLT2i), on retinal blood flow dysregulation, neural dysfunction, and impaired neurovascular coupling in type diabetic mice. Tofogliflozin was added to mouse chow deliver 5 mg/kg/day 6-week-old mice were fed for 8 weeks. The longitudinal changes neuronal function responses systemic hyperoxia flicker stimulation evaluated every weeks db/db that received tofogliflozin (n =6) or placebo = 6) from...

To describe a case of an elderly woman who presented with acute choroidal elevation, and the elevation disappeared without any treatment month after onset. A 64-year-old to clinic complaint blurred vision in her left eye. Her visual acuity was 20/32 macular subretinal fluid eye observed optical coherence tomography (OCT), no abnormalities right fundus examination OCT revealed sub-retinal (SRF) around inferior temporal area, including fovea No on were found three months treatments, patient's...

Purpose: To report a case of recurrent membranous deposits around an intraocular lens (IOL) that was effectively managed with ciliary body suturing following cyclodialysis. Methods: A 68-year-old male developed IOL scleral fixation associated traumatic detachment, resulting in decrease vision to 20/300. The patient underwent and membrane excision. Results: Following excision, the recurrence prevented, visual acuity improved 20/25. No further depositions were observed, additional surgery not...

Objective: To investigate the effect of systemic administration simvastatin on retinal circulation. Methods:The effects circulation after 90 minutes and 7 days were studied in a placebo-controlled, doublemasked, clinical trial among 12 healthy men.We used laser Doppler velocimetry to measure vessel diameter blood velocity calculated flow arteries veins.We also measured intraocular pressure plasma nitrite/nitrate levels, stable end products nitric oxide metabolism.Results: There no...

purpose. Elevated levels of C-reactive protein (CRP), a proinflammatory marker, are associated with systemic vascular disorders. In addition, clinical studies have implicated that elevated CRP is an independent risk factor for diabetic retinopathy and age-related macular degeneration. However, the direct effect on ocular microvascular reactivity remains unknown. The authors examined whether can affect endothelium-dependent nitric oxide (NO)-mediated dilation retinal arterioles oxidative...

To quantitatively assess the arteriovenous distribution of hemodynamic parameters throughout microvascular network human retina, we constructed a retinal microcirculatory model consisting dichotomous symmetric branching system. This system is characterized by diameter exponent 2.85, instead 3 as dictated Murray's law, except for capillary networks. The value 2.85 was sum fractal dimension (1.70) and branch (1.15) vasculature. Following feeding artery (central artery), each bifurcation...

Purpose: To show that noninvasive in vivo corneal confocal microscopy (IVCM) can make more accurate imaging of the subbasal nerve plexus possible. This diagnostic technique monitors status diabetic peripheral neuropathy. However, it is difficult to accurately confirm area captured by IVCM, which induce measurement errors. Because whorl-like characteristic pattern inferocentral cornea, we evaluated whether IVCM images patterns evaluate fibers Methods: Forty-seven patients with diabetes (DM...

Purpose.: To investigate the regulatory mechanisms responsible for autoregulation of retinal blood flow (RBF) during periods decreased ocular perfusion pressure (OPP).

<h3>Aim:</h3> To study alterations in choroidal blood flow (CBF) the foveal region after panretinal photocoagulation (PRP) patients with severe proliferative diabetic retinopathy. <h3>Methods:</h3> Seventeen eyes of 17 non-proliferative retinopathy (PDR) or non-high-risk PDR and no macular oedema before PRP were included. All underwent four sessions scatter PRP. We measured velocity (CBVel), volume (CBVol) CBF 1 month using a laser Doppler flowmetry. <h3>Results:</h3> Macular did not develop...