Hindlimb pain models developed in rats have been transposed to mice, but assumed sciatic nerve neuroanatomic similarities not examined. We compared structural organization mouse strains (C57BL/6J, DBA/2J, and B6129PF2/J) rat (Wistar, Brown Norway, Sprague–Dawley). Dissection retrograde labeling showed origins predominantly from the third lumbar (L3) L4 spinal nerves, unlike L5 rats. Proportionate contributions by each level differed significantly between both mice Whereas all had six...

The T-junction of sensory neurons in the dorsal root ganglion (DRG) is a potential impediment to action (AP) propagation towards CNS. Using intracellular recordings from rat DRG neuronal somata during stimulation root, we determined that maximal rate at which all 20 APs train could successfully transit (following frequency) was lowest C-type units, followed by A-type units with inflected descending limbs AP, and highest without inflections. In following frequency slower than AP trains be...

The role of local infiltration anesthesia (LIA) in knee surgery is significant. LIA can be more potent than a nerve block, but without the downsides. A wide range agents are used for LIA, including some off-label medications such as dexmedetomidine and ropivacaine. Dexmedetomidine has recently received attention decreasing demand anesthetic prolonged effect anesthesia. purpose this study was to demonstrate safety ropivacaine LIA.

In Brief BACKGROUND: Chronic neuropathic pain resulting from neuronal damage remains difficult to treat, in part, because of incomplete understanding underlying cellular mechanisms. We have previously shown that inward Ca2+ flux (ICa) across the sensory neuron plasmalemma is decreased a rodent model chronic pain, but direct consequence this loss ICa on function has not been defined. therefore examined extent which altered membrane properties after nerve injury, especially increased...

The cellular mechanisms of neuropathic pain are inadequately understood. Previous investigations have revealed disrupted Ca signaling in primary sensory neurons after injury. authors examined the effect injury on intracellular stores endoplasmic reticulum, which critically regulate signal and neuronal function.

Background Little is known regarding the final needle tip location when various intensities of nerve stimulation are used to guide block insertion. Therefore, in control and hyperglycemic dogs, authors examined whether lower-intensity results injection closer sciatic than higher-threshold stimulation. Methods During anesthesia, was approached with an insulated emitting either 1 mA (high-current group, n = 9) or 0.5 (low-current 9 dogs 6 dogs). After positioning obtain a distal motor...

Neuropathic pain is inadequately treated and poorly understood at the cellular level. Because intracellular Ca signaling critically regulates diverse neuronal functions, authors examined effects of peripheral nerve injury on transient that follows activation.Cytoplasmic levels were recorded by digital microfluorometry from dissociated dorsal root ganglion neurons hyperalgesic animals after ligation fifth lumbar spinal control animals. Neurons activated field stimulation or K...

Background Painful nerve injury leads to disrupted Ca signaling in primary sensory neurons, including decreased endoplasmic reticulum (ER) storage. This study examines potential causes and functional consequences of store limitation after injury. Methods Neurons were dissociated from axotomized fifth lumbar (L5) the adjacent L4 dorsal root ganglia L5 spinal ligation that produced hyperalgesia, they compared neurons control animals. Intracellular levels measured with Fura-2 microfluorometry,...

Background Ca is the dominant second messenger in primary sensory neurons. In addition, disrupted signaling a prominent feature pain models involving peripheral nerve injury. Standard cytoplasmic recording techniques use high K or field stimulation and dissociated To compare findings intact dorsal root ganglia, we used method of simultaneous electrophysiologic microfluorimetric recording. Methods Dissociated neurons were loaded by bath-applied Fura-2-AM subjected to stimulation....

Clinical and experimental data show that peripheral nerve blocks last longer in the presence of diabetic neuropathy. This may occur because fibers are more sensitive to local anesthetics or anesthetic concentration decreases slowly nerve. The aim this study was investigate both hypotheses a rodent model neuropathy secondary type 2 diabetes.We performed series sciatic block experiments 25 Zucker Diabetic Fatty rats aged 20 weeks with component confirmed by neurophysiology control rats. We...

We have previously shown that a decrease of inward Ca(2+) flux (I(Ca)) across the sensory neuron plasmalemma, such as happens after axotomy, increases neuronal excitability. From this, we predicted increasing I(Ca) in injured neurons should correct their hyperexcitability. The influence increased or decreased upon membrane biophysical variables and excitability was determined during recording from A-type nondissociated dorsal root ganglia spinal nerve ligation using an intracellular...

Abstract Background: Although the activation-induced intracellular Ca2+ signal is disrupted by sensory neuron injury, contribution of specific channel subtypes unknown. Methods: Transients in dissociated rat dorsal root ganglion neurons were recorded using fura-2 microfluorometry. Neurons from control rats and neuropathic animals after spinal nerve ligation activated either elevated bath K+ or field stimulation. compared before application selective blockers voltage-activated subtypes....

Peripheral nerve stimulation is commonly used for localization in regional anaesthesia, but recommended currents of 0.3-0.5 mA do not reliably produce motor activity the absence intraneural needle placement. As this may be particularly true patients with diabetic neuropathy, we examined threshold and without diabetes.Preoperative evaluation included a neurological exam electroneurography. During ultrasound-guided popliteal sciatic block, measured current required to tibial common peroneal...

The baroreceptor reflex buffers autonomic changes by decreasing sympathetic activity and increasing vagal in response to blood pressure elevations, the reverse actions when falls. Because of many bidirectional interactions pain function, we investigated effect painful nerve injury spinal ligation (SNL) on heart rate (HR), (BP) their regulation reflex. Rats receiving SNL were separated into either a hyperalgesic group that developed sustained lifting, shaking grooming foot after plantar...

Nociception modulates heart rate (HR) and mean arterial pressure (MAP), suggesting their use of HR MAP as indicators pain in animals. We explored this with telemetric recording unrestrained control neuropathic (spinal nerve ligation) rats. Plantar stimulation was performed emulating techniques commonly used to measure pain, specifically brush stroke, von Frey fiber application, noxious pin stimulation, acetone for cooling, radiant heating, while MAP, HR, specific evoked somatomotor behaviors...

No abstract available.

Saphenous nerve block contributes to analgesia after knee and lower leg surgery. However, literature reports a wide range of volumes local anesthetic being used for this block.A non-randomized controlled trial in single university hospital March 2015. Eighteen healthy volunteers (ASA 1 status, aged 27-43 years; male-to-female ratio 11/7) were needed determine the minimum volume (MLAV) mepivacaine 2% using Dixon up-and-down method achieve selective ultrasound-guided saphenous block. The...

Cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) guidelines published by the European Resuscitation Council are intended to improve survival of cardiac arrest implementing medical practice based on scientific findings. This study investigated whether introduction 2005 CPR guidelines, which mandated several fundamental changes, improved rate return spontaneous circulation (ROSC) in a physician-staffed prehospital emergency system.

Schörghuber, M.1; Alber, M.2; Mächler, Meindl, C.3; Rigaud, Gemes, G.1 Author Information

We thank Drs. Yanovski et al. for their interest in our paper.1They raise the point that there are alternative explanations observations of traces ink within sciatic nerves hyperglycemic dogs other than conclusion needle tip was positioned during injection. They argue accumulation nerve is less what found outside nerve, and penetration through intact epineurium a more likely explanation.Publication necessarily degrades images limits number, so not all relevant sections can be shown. The...