A5101748037- Redox biology and oxidative stress
- Glutathione Transferases and Polymorphisms
- Selenium in Biological Systems
- Genomics, phytochemicals, and oxidative stress
- Sulfur Compounds in Biology
- Free Radicals and Antioxidants
- Heme Oxygenase-1 and Carbon Monoxide
- Phytochemicals and Antioxidant Activities
- Adipokines, Inflammation, and Metabolic Diseases
- Adipose Tissue and Metabolism
- Trace Elements in Health
- Nitric Oxide and Endothelin Effects
- Protein Tyrosine Phosphatases
- Tea Polyphenols and Effects
- Mast cells and histamine
- Heat shock proteins research
- Growth Hormone and Insulin-like Growth Factors
- Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress and Disease
- Microbial Metabolites in Food Biotechnology
- Vitamin C and Antioxidants Research
- Bone and Dental Protein Studies
- Biochemical effects in animals
- Peroxisome Proliferator-Activated Receptors
- Vitamin D Research Studies
- S100 Proteins and Annexins
University of Chinese Academy of Sciences
2010-2021
Chinese Academy of Sciences
2005-2014
National Natural Science Foundation of China
2013
Shanxi Medical University
2013
Karolinska Institutet
1998-2009
Beijing Proteome Research Center
2009
Svenska Örtmedicinska Institute
2009
Nobel Foundation
1998-2005
Augusta University
2001
Mammalian thioredoxin reductases (TrxR) are homodimers, homologous to glutathione reductase (GR), with an essential selenocysteine (SeCys) residue in extension containing the conserved C-terminal sequence -Gly-Cys-SeCys-Gly. In oxidized enzyme, we demonstrated two nonflavin redox centers by chemical modification and peptide sequencing: one was a disulfide within -Cys 59 -Val-Asn-Val-Gly-Cys 64 , identical active site of GR; other selenenylsulfide formed from Cys 497 -SeCys 498 confirmed mass...
Mammalian thioredoxin reductases (TrxR) are dimers homologous to glutathione reductase with a selenocysteine (SeCys) residue in the conserved C-terminal sequence -Gly-Cys-SeCys-Gly. We removed insertion rat gene, and we changed SeCys498 encoded by TGA Cys or Ser mutagenesis. The truncated protein having SeCys-Gly dipeptide deleted, expected selenium deficiency, was also engineered. All three mutant enzymes were overexpressed Escherichia coli purified homogeneity 1 mol of FAD per monomeric...
Thioredoxin reductases (TrxRs) from mammalian cells contain an essential selenocysteine residue in the conserved C-terminal sequence Gly-Cys-SeCys-Gly forming a selenenylsulfide oxidized enzyme. Reduction by NADPH generates selenolthiol, which is active site reduction of Trx. The three-dimensional structure SeCys498Cys mutant rat TrxR complex with NADP + has been determined to 3.0-Å resolution x-ray crystallography. overall similar that glutathione reductase (GR), including amino acid...
We have determined the sequence of 23 peptides from bovine thioredoxin reductase covering 364 amino acid residues. The result was used to identify a rat cDNA clone (2.19 kilobase pairs), which contained an open reading frame 1496 base pairs encoding protein with 498 and sequences revealed close homology glutathione including conserved active site (Cys-Val-Asn-Val-Gly-Cys). This also confirmed identity previously published putative human clone. Moreover, one peptide enzyme selenocysteine...
The immunostimulatory dinitrohalobenzene compound 1-chloro-2, 4-dinitrobenzene (DNCB) irreversibly inhibits mammalian thioredoxin reductase (TrxR) in the presence of NADPH, inducing an NADPH oxidase activity modified enzyme (Arnér, E. S. J., Björnstedt, M., and Holmgren, A. (1995) J. Biol. Chem. 270, 3479-3482). Here we have further analyzed reactivity with DNCB analogues varying immunomodulatory properties. We also identified reactive residues bovine reductase, recently discovered to be a...
Selenium is an essential micronutrient for humans and animals, its deficiency can predispose to the development of pathological conditions. This study evaluates effect selenium on thioredoxin system, consisting NADPH, selenoprotein reductase (TrxR), (Trx); glutathione including reductase, glutathione, glutaredoxin coupled with peroxidase (GPx). We particularly investigate whether inactive truncated TrxR present under selenium-starvation conditions due reading UGA codon as stop. Feeding rats...
Background and Purpose Insulin‐sensitizing drugs are currently limited, identifying new candidates is a challenge. Protein tyrosine phosphatase 1B (PTP1B) negatively regulates insulin signalling, its inhibition anticipated to improve resistance. Here, the pharmacological properties of CX08005, novel PTP1B inhibitor, were investigated. Experimental Approach Recombinant hPTP1B protein was used study enzyme activity mode inhibition. Docking simulation explored interactions between CX08005...
Abstract (−)‐Epigallocatechin gallate (EGCG) is a major bioactive component in leaves of green tea, and has been widely investigated for its anti‐tumor activity. The interaction between EGCG the key peptides or proteins (e.g. glutathione, enzymes) vivo thought to be involved toxicity anti‐cancer mechanism EGCG. However, true not clear, few studies have focused on reactivity toward under physiological conditions (pH 7.4, 37°C). In this work, covalent interactions model containing one more...
High‐fat diet (HFD) can induce oxidative stress. Thioredoxin (Trx) and thioredoxin reductase (TrxR) are critical antioxidant proteins but how they affected by HFD remains unclear. Using HFD‐induced insulin‐resistant mouse model, we show here that liver Trx TrxR significantly decreased, but, remarkably, the degree of their S‐acylation is increased after consuming HFD. These changes in Trx/TrxR may reflect abnormalities lipid metabolism insulin signaling transduction. HFD‐driven accumulation...
Epigallocatechin 3-gallate (EGCG) is the most abundant catechin in green tea and may combat bacteria with few side-effects. Its selectivity for different bacterial infections remains unclear, hence identification of underlying mechanism practical importance. Both thioredoxin (Trx) system glutathione/glutaredoxin (Grx) support growth. Some pathogenic are naturally deficient Grx system. We analyzed effect extract (GTE) EGCG on wild-type null mutants Escherichia coli either Trx or deficiency...
Abstract Intracellular Ca 2+ signaling controls many cellular functions. Understanding its regulation by selenoproteins is essential for understanding the role of in regulating cell The activity thioredoxin reductase (TrxR), (Trx) content, and glutathione peroxidase (GPx) human endothelial cells cultured selenium‐supplemented medium (refer as Se + cells) was found 70%, 40%, 20% higher, respectively than those normal 0 cells). intracellular initiated inositol 1,4,5‐trisphosphate (IP 3 ),...
Acute exacerbation of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (AECOPD) is a global problem with high mortality. Its pathogenesis not fully understood. To reveal new serum feature AECOPD and their potential implications, we have analyzed 180 samples, found that in the patients, 4-hydroxy-2-nonenal (4HNE)-protein adducts are dynamically increased as partial pressure oxygen (PaO 2 ) drops, which accompanied by progressively decreasing thioredoxin reductase (TrxR1) (Trx1), compared those healthy...