A5016734217- Gut microbiota and health
- Pediatric health and respiratory diseases
- Asthma and respiratory diseases
- Clostridium difficile and Clostridium perfringens research
- Infant Health and Development
- Tryptophan and brain disorders
- Diet and metabolism studies
- Infant Nutrition and Health
- Breastfeeding Practices and Influences
- Immune Cell Function and Interaction
- Child Nutrition and Water Access
- Neonatal Respiratory Health Research
- Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) Research
- Dermatology and Skin Diseases
- Neuroinflammation and Neurodegeneration Mechanisms
- Indoor Air Quality and Microbial Exposure
- Gastrointestinal motility and disorders
- Genomics and Phylogenetic Studies
- Viral Infections and Vectors
- IL-33, ST2, and ILC Pathways
- Microbial Community Ecology and Physiology
- Adipokines, Inflammation, and Metabolic Diseases
- Vector-borne infectious diseases
- Immune Response and Inflammation
- Ubiquitin and proteasome pathways
British Columbia Children's Hospital
2020-2025
University of British Columbia
2018-2025
Child and Family Research Institute
2024-2025
Canada's Michael Smith Genome Sciences Centre
2020-2024
University of Utah
2012-2019
Upsher-Smith Laboratories (United Kingdom)
2017
The microbiota influences obesity, yet organisms that protect from disease remain unknown. During studies interrogating host-microbiota interactions, we observed the development of age-associated metabolic syndrome (MetS). Expansion Desulfovibrio and loss Clostridia were key features associated with obesity in this model are present humans MetS. T cell-dependent events required to prevent disease, replacement rescued obesity. Inappropriate immunoglobulin A targeting increased antagonized...
Saccharomyces cerevisiae induces purine metabolism in mouse intestinal epithelia, resulting an exacerbation of colitis.
Allergic diseases affect millions of people worldwide. An increase in their prevalence has been associated with alterations the gut microbiome, i.e., microorganisms and genes within gastrointestinal tract. Maturation infant immune system microbiota occur parallel; thus, conformation microbiome may determine if tolerant programming arises infant. Here we show, using deeply phenotyped participants CHILD birth cohort (n = 1115), that there are early-life influences features which uniformly four...
Early antibiotic exposure is linked to persistent disruption of the infant gut microbiome and subsequent elevated pediatric asthma risk. Breastfeeding acts as a primary modulator during early life, but its effect on development has remained unclear.We harnessed CHILD cohort interrogate influence breastfeeding antibiotic-associated risk in subset children (n = 2,521). We then profiled microbiomes these 1,338) using shotgun metagenomic sequencing compared human milk oligosaccharide fatty acid...
Abstract The presentation of protein antigens on the cell surface by major histocompatibility complex (MHC) molecules coordinates vertebrate adaptive immune responses, thereby mediating susceptibility to a variety autoimmune and infectious diseases. composition symbiotic microbial communities (the microbiota) is influenced host immunity can have profound impact physiology. Here we use an MHC congenic mouse model test hypothesis that genetic variation at genes among individuals mediates...
This survey describes respiratory and mucosal symptoms of garbage-handling recycling workers in Denmark. The study includes 20 paper-sorting workers, eight compost 44 workers. As a control group, 119 from water purification plants Copenhagen were chosen; our had lower mean age shorter employment time than did members the group. There was no significant difference tobacco consumption between groups. Garbage-handling exposed to significantly higher concentration (SD) total dust supply...
Abstract Saccharomyces cerevisiae Spt6 protein is a conserved chromatin factor with several distinct functional domains, including natively unstructured 30-residue N-terminal region that binds competitively Spn1 or nucleosomes. To uncover physiological roles of these interactions, we isolated histone mutations suppress defects caused by weakening Spt6:Spn1 binding the spt6-F249K mutation. The strongest suppressor was H2A-N39K, which perturbs point contact between two H2A-H2B dimers in an...
Identifying regulatory mechanisms that influence inflammation in metabolic tissues is critical for developing novel disease treatments. Here, we investigated the role of microRNA-146a (miR-146a) during diet-induced obesity mice. miR-146a reduced obese and type 2 diabetic patients our results reveal miR-146a-/- mice fed a high-fat diet (HFD) have exaggerated weight gain, increased adiposity, hepatosteatosis, dysregulated blood glucose levels compared to wild-type controls. Pro-inflammatory...
Recent evidence suggests an immunomodulatory role for commensal fungi (mycobiota) in the gut, yet little is known about composition and dynamics of early-life gut fungal communities. In this work, we show first time that mycobiota Canadian infants changes dramatically over course year life, associated with environmental factors such as geographical location, diet, season birth, can be used conjunction knowledge a small number key to predict inhalant atopy status at age 5 years.
Abstract Background Early identification of children at risk asthma can have significant clinical implications for effective intervention and treatment. This study aims to disentangle the relative timing importance early markers asthma. Methods Using CHILD Cohort Study, 132 variables measured in 1754 multi-ethnic were included analysis prediction. Data up 4 years age was used multiple machine learning models predict physician-diagnosed 5 years. Both predictive performance variable assessed...
Graphical abstractAbstractBackgroundAtopic dermatitis (AD) is the most common chronic inflammatory skin disease in both pediatric and adult populations. The development of AD has been linked to antibiotic usage, which causes perturbation microbiome associated with abnormal immune system function. However, imbalances gut itself usage have inconsistently AD.ObjectivesThis study aimed elucidate timing specific factors mediating relationship between systemic (oral or intravenous) AD.MethodsWe...
The 20S proteasome is an essential, 28-subunit protease that sequesters proteolytic sites within a central chamber, thereby repressing substrate degradation until activators open the entrance/exit gate. Two established activators, Blm10 and PAN/19S, induce gate opening by binding to pockets between α-subunits using C-terminal HbYX (hydrophobic-tyrosine-any residue) motifs. Equivalent motifs have been identified in Pba1 Pba2, which function assembly. Here, we demonstrate Pba1-Pba2 proteins...
Symbiotic microbes impact the function and development of central nervous system (CNS); however, little is known about contribution microbiota during viral-induced neurologic damage. We identify that commensals aid in host defense following infection with a neurotropic virus through enhancing microglia function. Germfree mice or animals receive antibiotics are unable to control viral replication within brain leading increased paralysis. Microglia derived from germfree antibiotic-treated...
// Marah C. Runtsch 1 , Ruozhen Hu Margaret Alexander Jared Wallace Dominique Kagele Charisse Petersen John F. Valentine 4 Noah Welker 2 Mary P. Bronner Xinjian Chen Daniel Smith 3 Nadim J. Ajami Joseph Petrosino June L. Round and Ryan M. O'Connell Department of Pathology, University Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, USA Utah ARUP Laboratories, The Alkek Center for Metagenomics Microbiome Research, Molecular Virology Microbiology, Baylor College Medicine, Houston, TX, Division Gastroenterology,...
Abstract T cells predominate the immune responses in synovial fluid of patients with persistent Lyme arthritis; however, their role disease remains poorly defined. Using a murine model arthritis, we observed that bystander activation CD4+ and CD8+ leads to arthritis-promoting IFN-γ, similar inflammatory environment seen tissue posttreatment disease. TCR transgenic mice containing monoclonal specificity toward non–Borrelia epitopes confirmed cell was responsible for development. The microbial...
Bacterial members of the infant gut microbiota and bacterial-derived short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) have been shown to be protective against childhood asthma, but a role for fungal in asthma etiology remains poorly defined. We recently reported an association between overgrowth yeast Pichia kudriavzevii Ecuadorian infants increased risk. In present study, we replicated these findings Canadian investigated causal early life dysbiosis later allergic airway disease (AAD). mouse model,...