Joseph F. Petrosino
A5026573989- Gut microbiota and health
- Diet and metabolism studies
- Clostridium difficile and Clostridium perfringens research
- Respiratory viral infections research
- Oral microbiology and periodontitis research
- Cancer Research and Treatments
- Viral gastroenteritis research and epidemiology
- Diabetes and associated disorders
- Gastrointestinal motility and disorders
- Bacteriophages and microbial interactions
- Infant Nutrition and Health
- Nutritional Studies and Diet
- Pediatric health and respiratory diseases
- Probiotics and Fermented Foods
- Cancer Immunotherapy and Biomarkers
- Colorectal Cancer Screening and Detection
- Tryptophan and brain disorders
- Epigenetics and DNA Methylation
- Reproductive tract infections research
- SARS-CoV-2 detection and testing
- Genomics and Phylogenetic Studies
- Microscopic Colitis
- Dental Health and Care Utilization
- SARS-CoV-2 and COVID-19 Research
- Urinary Tract Infections Management
Baylor College of Medicine
2016-2025
Houston Methodist
2025
Cornell University
2025
Texas Medical Center
2019-2025
Boston Children's Hospital
2024
Center for Clinical Research (United States)
2024
University of Tampa
2023
Baylor University
2022
Flinders Medical Centre
2022
University of Exeter
2022
Preclinical mouse models suggest that the gut microbiome modulates tumor response to checkpoint blockade immunotherapy; however, this has not been well-characterized in human cancer patients. Here we examined oral and of melanoma patients undergoing anti-programmed cell death 1 protein (PD-1) immunotherapy (
Bacterial diversity among environmental samples is commonly assessed with PCR-amplified 16S rRNA gene (16S) sequences. Perceived diversity, however, can be influenced by sample preparation, primer selection, and formation of chimeric amplification products. Chimeras are hybrid products between multiple parent sequences that falsely interpreted as novel organisms, thus inflating apparent diversity. We developed a new chimera detection tool called Chimera Slayer (CS). CS detects chimeras...
A variety of microbial communities and their genes (the microbiome) exist throughout the human body, with fundamental roles in health disease. The National Institutes Health (NIH)-funded Human Microbiome Project Consortium has established a population-scale framework to develop metagenomic protocols, resulting broad range quality-controlled resources data including standardized methods for creating, processing interpreting distinct types high-throughput available scientific community. Here...
Metagenomic approaches demonstrate that the human placenta is not sterile but harbors a unique microbiome.
The development of the microbiome from infancy to childhood is dependent on a range factors, with microbial–immune crosstalk during this time thought be involved in pathobiology later life diseases1–9 such as persistent islet autoimmunity and type 1 diabetes10–12. However, our knowledge, no studies have performed extensive characterization early large, multi-centre population. Here we analyse longitudinal stool samples 903 children between 3 46 months age by 16S rRNA gene sequencing (n =...
Most studies describing the human gut microbiome in healthy and diseased states have emphasized bacterial component, but fungal (i.e., mycobiome) is beginning to gain recognition as a fundamental part of our microbiome. To date, mycobiome primarily been disease centric or small cohorts individuals. contribute existing knowledge mycobiome, we investigated Human Microbiome Project (HMP) cohort by sequencing Internal Transcribed Spacer 2 (ITS2) region well 18S rRNA gene.Three hundred seventeen...
Type 1 diabetes (T1D) is an autoimmune disease that targets pancreatic islet beta cells and incorporates genetic environmental factors1, including complex elements2, patient exposures3 the gut microbiome4. Viral infections5 broader dysbioses6 have been identified as potential causes or contributing factors; however, human studies not yet microbial compositional functional triggers are predictive of autoimmunity T1D. Here we analyse 10,913 metagenomes in stool samples from 783 mostly white,...
While current major national research efforts (i.e., the NIH Human Microbiome Project) will enable comprehensive metagenomic characterization of adult human microbiota, how and when these diverse microbial communities take up residence in host during reproductive life are unexplored at a population level. Because abundance diversity might differ pregnancy, we sought to generate comparative signatures across gestational age strata. DNA was isolated from vagina (introitus, posterior fornix,...
ABSTRACT Recent studies have shown that individuals with colorectal cancer an altered gut microbiome compared to healthy controls. It remains unclear whether these differences are a response tumorigenesis or actively drive tumorigenesis. To determine the role of in development cancer, we characterized murine model inflammation-associated mirrors what is seen humans. We followed abnormal microbial community structure associated inflammation and colon. Tumor-bearing mice showed enrichment...
News from the Inner Tube of Life A major initiative by U.S. National Institutes Health to sequence 900 genomes microorganisms that live on surfaces and orifices human body has established standardized protocols methods for such large-scale reference sequencing. By combining previously accumulated data with new data, Nelson et al. (p. 994 ) present an initial analysis 178 bacterial genomes. The sampling so far barely scratches surface microbial diversity found humans, but work provides...
The structure and dynamics of bacterial communities in the airways persons with cystic fibrosis (CF) remain largely unknown. We characterized 126 sputum samples representing serial collections spanning 8–9 y from six age-matched male CF patients. Sputum DNA was analyzed by bar-coded pyrosequencing V3–V5 hypervariable region 16S rRNA gene, defining 662 operational taxonomic units (OTUs) >633,000 sequences. Bacterial community diversity decreased significantly over time patients typically...
Gut bacteria modulate the response to immune checkpoint blockade (ICB) treatment in cancer, but effect of diet and supplements on this interaction is not well studied. We assessed fecal microbiota profiles, dietary habits, commercially available probiotic supplement use melanoma patients performed parallel preclinical studies. Higher fiber was associated with significantly improved progression-free survival 128 ICB, most pronounced benefit observed sufficient intake no use. Findings were...
Enteric dysbiosis plays an essential role in the pathogenesis of alcoholic liver disease (ALD). Detailed characterization alterations gut microbiome is needed for understanding their pathogenic ALD and developing effective therapeutic approaches using probiotic supplementation. Mice were fed liquid Lieber-DeCarli diet without or with alcohol (5% v/v) 6 weeks. A subset mice administered Lactobacillus rhamnosus GG (LGG) from to 8 Indicators intestinal permeability, hepatic steatosis,...
This manuscript describes the NIH Human Microbiome Project, including a brief review of human microbiome research, history project, and comprehensive overview consortium's recent collection publications analyzing microbiome.
Vertebrate corpse decomposition provides an important stage in nutrient cycling most terrestrial habitats, yet microbially mediated processes are poorly understood. Here we combine deep microbial community characterization, community-level metabolic reconstruction, and soil biogeochemical assessment to understand the principles governing assembly during of mouse human corpses on different substrates. We find a suite bacterial fungal groups that contribute nitrogen reproducible network...
The elderly experience profound systemic responses after stroke, which contribute to higher mortality and more severe long-term disability. Recent studies have revealed that stroke outcomes can be influenced by the composition of gut microbiome. However, potential benefits manipulating microbiome injury is unknown. To determine if restoring youthful microbiota aids in recovery aged subjects, we altered through young fecal transplant gavage mice experimental stroke. Further, effect direct...
Escherichia coli DH10B was designed for the propagation of large insert DNA library clones. It is used extensively, taking advantage properties such as high transformation efficiency and maintenance plasmids. The strain constructed by serial genetic recombination steps, but underlying sequence changes remained unverified. We report complete genomic using reads accumulated from bovine sequencing project at Baylor College Medicine assembled with DNAStar's SeqMan genome assembler. largely...