A5053569958- Gut microbiota and health
- Clostridium difficile and Clostridium perfringens research
- Biochemical and Structural Characterization
- Tryptophan and brain disorders
- Probiotics and Fermented Foods
- Diet and metabolism studies
- Gastrointestinal motility and disorders
- Parkinson's Disease Mechanisms and Treatments
- Immune Cell Function and Interaction
- Autism Spectrum Disorder Research
- Neuroendocrine regulation and behavior
- Alzheimer's disease research and treatments
- Botanical Research and Chemistry
- Antimicrobial Resistance in Staphylococcus
- Streptococcal Infections and Treatments
- Metabolomics and Mass Spectrometry Studies
- Neuroinflammation and Neurodegeneration Mechanisms
- Pediatric health and respiratory diseases
- Child Nutrition and Feeding Issues
- Inflammatory Bowel Disease
- Neurological diseases and metabolism
- T-cell and B-cell Immunology
- Immune Response and Inflammation
- Bacterial Identification and Susceptibility Testing
- Virus-based gene therapy research
California Institute of Technology
2016-2025
Research Network (United States)
2022-2024
Indiana University School of Medicine
2023
Indiana University
2023
Hôpital Corentin-Celton
2019
Sorbonne Paris Cité
2019
Inserm
2019
Université Paris Cité
2019
Milbank Memorial Fund
2014
Harvard University
2005-2008
To maintain intestinal health, the immune system must faithfully respond to antigens from pathogenic microbes while limiting reactions self-molecules. The gastrointestinal tract represents a unique challenge system, as it is permanently colonized by diverse amalgam of bacterial phylotypes producing multitudes foreign microbial products. Evidence human and animal studies indicates that inflammatory bowel disease results uncontrolled inflammation microbiota. However, molecular mechanisms...
Mucosal surfaces constantly encounter microbes. Toll-like receptors (TLRs) mediate recognition of microbial patterns to eliminate pathogens. By contrast, we demonstrate that the prominent gut commensal Bacteroides fragilis activates TLR pathway establish host-microbial symbiosis. TLR2 on CD4(+) T cells is required for B. colonization a unique mucosal niche in mice during homeostasis. A symbiosis factor (PSA, polysaccharide A) signals through directly Foxp3(+) regulatory promote immunologic...
Although the effects of commensal bacteria on intestinal immune development seem to be profound, it remains speculative whether gut microbiota influences extraintestinal biological functions. Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a devastating autoimmune disease leading progressive deterioration neurological function. cause MS unknown, microorganisms important for onset and/or progression disease. However, unclear how microbial colonization, either symbiotic or infectious, affects autoimmunity. Herein,...
Surface proteins of Gram-positive bacteria are linked to the bacterial cell wall by a mechanism that involves cleavage conserved Leu-Pro-X-Thr-Gly (LPXTG) motif and occurs during assembly peptidoglycan wall. A Staphylococcus aureus mutant defective in anchoring surface was isolated shown carry mutation srtA gene. Overexpression increased rate protein anchoring, homologs were found other pathogenic bacteria. The specified srtA, sortase, may be useful target for development new antimicrobial drugs.
Significance We have experimentally investigated the immunoregulatory effects of human gut microbiota in multiple sclerosis (MS). identified specific bacteria that are associated with MS and demonstrated these regulate T lymphocyte-mediated adaptive immune responses contribute to proinflammatory environment vitro vivo. Thus, our results expand knowledge microbial regulation immunity may provide a basis for development microbiome-based therapeutics autoimmune diseases.
Environmentally induced alterations in the commensal microbiota have been implicated increasing prevalence of food allergy. We show here that sensitization to a allergen is increased mice treated with antibiotics or are devoid microbiota. By selectively colonizing gnotobiotic mice, we demonstrate allergy-protective capacity conferred by Clostridia-containing Microarray analysis intestinal epithelial cells from revealed previously unidentified mechanism which Clostridia regulate innate...
The cell wall envelope of Gram-positive pathogens functions as a scaffold for the attachment virulence factors and sieve that prevents diffusion molecules. Here isd genes (iron-regulated surface determinant) Staphylococcus aureus were found to encode responsible hemoglobin binding passage heme-iron cytoplasm, where it acts an essential nutrient. Heme-iron required two sortases tether Isd proteins unique locations within wall. Thus, appears act import apparatus uses wall–anchored relay across...