A5012916305- Gut microbiota and health
- Food Allergy and Anaphylaxis Research
- Probiotics and Fermented Foods
- Immune Cell Function and Interaction
- IL-33, ST2, and ILC Pathways
- Dermatology and Skin Diseases
- Asthma and respiratory diseases
- Clostridium difficile and Clostridium perfringens research
- T-cell and B-cell Immunology
- Eosinophilic Esophagitis
- Pediatric health and respiratory diseases
- Immune Response and Inflammation
- Allergic Rhinitis and Sensitization
- Immunotherapy and Immune Responses
- Parasites and Host Interactions
- Viral gastroenteritis research and epidemiology
- Infant Health and Development
- Monoclonal and Polyclonal Antibodies Research
- Digestive system and related health
- Infant Nutrition and Health
- Inflammatory Bowel Disease
- Microscopic Colitis
- Escherichia coli research studies
- Transgenic Plants and Applications
- Diet and metabolism studies
University of Chicago
2015-2024
Massachusetts General Hospital
2007-2023
ProterixBio (United States)
2019
Columbia University Irving Medical Center
1983-2014
New York University
1983-2014
Harvard University
2006-2009
Center for Rheumatology
2007-2009
Environmentally induced alterations in the commensal microbiota have been implicated increasing prevalence of food allergy. We show here that sensitization to a allergen is increased mice treated with antibiotics or are devoid microbiota. By selectively colonizing gnotobiotic mice, we demonstrate allergy-protective capacity conferred by Clostridia-containing Microarray analysis intestinal epithelial cells from revealed previously unidentified mechanism which Clostridia regulate innate...
Dietary intervention with extensively hydrolyzed casein formula supplemented Lactobacillus rhamnosus GG (EHCF+LGG) accelerates tolerance acquisition in infants cow's milk allergy (CMA). We examined whether this effect is attributable, at least part, to an influence on the gut microbiota. Fecal samples from healthy controls (n=20) and CMA (n=19) before after treatment EHCF (n=12) without (n=7) supplementation LGG were compared by 16S rRNA-based operational taxonomic unit clustering...
The high susceptibility of neonates to infections has been assumed be due immaturity the immune system, but mechanism remains unclear. By colonizing adult germ-free mice with cecal contents neonatal and mice, we show that microbiota is unable prevent colonization by two bacterial pathogens cause mortality in neonates. lack resistance occurred when Clostridiales were absent microbiota. Administration Clostridiales, not Bacteroidales, protected from pathogen infection abrogated intestinal...
The microbiome modulates host immunity and aids the maintenance of tolerance in gut, where microbial food-derived antigens are abundant. Yet modern dietary factors excessive use antibiotics have contributed to rising incidence food allergies, inflammatory bowel disease other non-communicable chronic diseases associated with depletion beneficial taxa, including butyrate-producing Clostridia. Here we show that intragastrically delivered neutral negatively charged polymeric micelles releasing...
The Wiskott-Aldrich syndrome, a primary human immunodeficiency, results from defective expression of the hematopoietic-specific cytoskeletal regulator syndrome protein (WASP). Because CD4+CD25+Foxp3+ naturally occurring regulatory T (nTreg) cells control autoimmunity, we asked whether colitis in WASP knockout (WKO) mice is associated with aberrant development/function nTreg cells. We show that WKO have decreased numbers both thymus and peripheral lymphoid organs. Moreover, demonstrate are...
Commensal bacteria shape the colonic regulatory T (Treg) cell population required for intestinal tolerance. However, little is known about this process. Here, we use transfer of naive commensal-reactive transgenic cells expressing Treg receptors (TCRs) to study peripheral (pTreg) development in normal hosts. We found that were activated primarily distal mesenteric lymph node. induction was rapid, generating >40% Foxp3(+) 1 week after transfer. Contrary prior reports, underwent most...
Many colonic mucosal genes that are highly regulated by microbial signals differentially expressed along the rostral-caudal axis. This would suggest differences in regional microbiota exist, particularly mucosa-associated microbes less likely to be transient. We therefore explored this possibility examining bacterial populations associated with normal proximal and distal mucosa context of host Toll-like receptors (TLR) expression C57BL/6J mice housed specific pathogen-free (SPF) germ-free...
Transplantation is the only cure for end-stage organ failure, but without immunosuppression, T cells rapidly reject allografts. While genetic disparities between donor and recipient are major determinants of kinetics transplant rejection, little known about contribution environmental factors. Because colonized organs have worse outcome than sterile organs, we tested influence host microbiota on skin rejection. Compared with untreated conventional mice, pretreatment donors recipients...
BACKGROUND. There has been a striking generational increase in the prevalence of food allergies. We have proposed that this can be explained, part, by alterations commensal microbiome.
IgA is prominently secreted at mucosal surfaces and coats a fraction of the commensal microbiota, process that critical for intestinal homeostasis. However, mechanisms induction molecular targets these antibodies remain poorly understood, particularly in humans. Here, we demonstrate microbiota from subset human individuals encode two protein "superantigens" expressed on surface bacteria family Lachnospiraceae such as Ruminococcus gnavus bind variable regions stimulate potent responses mice....
Infection with intestinal helminths is common and may contribute to the decreased efficacy of Vibrio cholerae vaccines in endemic compared non-endemic areas. However, immunomodulatory effects concomitant parasitic infection cholera patients have not been systematically evaluated.We evaluated V. cholerae-specific immune responses a cohort severe cholera. 361 completed 21 days observation 53 (15%) had evidence based on direct microscopy. Although there were no significant differences...
Abstract Gut-associated dendritic cells (DC) synthesize all-trans retinoic acid, which is required for inducing gut-tropic lymphocytes. DC from MyD88−/− mice, lack most TLR signals, expressed low levels of retinal dehydrogenases (critical enzymes acid biosynthesis) and were significantly impaired in their ability to induce gut-homing T cells. Pretreatment extraintestinal with a TLR1/2 agonist was sufficient confer these the capacity lymphocytes via mechanism dependent on MyD88 JNK/MAPK....