It is generally believed that the gag gene product of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) processed into several core proteins by a virus-specific protease. We used deletion mutation analysis to study role HIV-specific protease in processing and its requirement for viral infectivity. Several mutant genomes with deletions were constructed. A mammalian cell line, COS-M6, transfected wild-type genome was shown produce virions containing proteins, while COS-M6 cells two mutated could...

The purpose of this study was to compare the shaping ability ProTaper Universal (PTU; Dentsply Maillefer, Ballaigues, Switzerland), WaveOne (WO; Maillefer) and Next (PTN; in simulated L-shaped S-shaped root canals respectively.30 30 resin blocks were employed randomly divided into 3 groups (n = 10), respectively. prepared a tip size 25 using PTU, WO or PTN: PTU F2 (taper 0.08 over first mm from apical tip), Primary PTN X2 0.06 tip). Photos taken pre- postinstrumentation. 2 layers...

The exploration of metal–organic frameworks (MOFs) with good biocompatibility and physiological stability as carrier platforms for biomedical applications is great importance but remains challenging. Herein, we developed an in situ biomimetic mineralization strategy on zeolitic imidazolate framework (ZIF) nanocrystals to construct a drug release system favorable cytocompatibility, improved stability, pH responsiveness. With lysozyme (Lys) wrapped the surface Zn-based ZIF (ZIF-8), Lys/ZIF-8...

Next generation of coating materials on the surface implants is designed with a paradigm shift from an inert material to osteoimmunomodulatory material. Regulating immune response biomedical through influencing polarization macrophage has been proven be effective strategy.Through anodization and hydrothermal treatment, magnesium ion incorporated TiO2 nanotube array (MgN) was fabricated titanium it hypothesized that properties. To verify this assumption, systematic studies were carried out by...

The epsilon-chain of membrane-bound IgE on the surface B lymphocytes is known to contain a membrane-anchoring peptide segment that encoded by two membrane exons, me.1 and me.2. In analyzing pertinent segments in mRNA from human IgE-expressing cells using PCR methods Northern blotting analyses, we have identified three species with variations splicing exons. conventional (m/s) contains predicted me.2; m/1 harbors 156 extra nucleotides 5' unaltered reading frame; s/t lacks hence encoding...

Collagen is widely used in medical field because of its excellent biocompatibility and bioactivity. To date, collagen for biomedical use always derived from bovine or swine. The purpose this study was to evaluate collagen-based biomaterials non-mammalian donors bone repair. Thus, tilapia skin collagen-hydroxyapatite (T-col/HAp) scaffolds were fabricated three different proportions then cross-linked with 1-ethyl-3-(3-dimethylaminopropyl) carbodiimide-N-hydroxysuccinimide (EDC-NHS). evaluated...

The purpose of this study was to analyze the therapeutic effects marine collagen peptides (MCPs) from tilapia skin on oral mucosal ulcers in a rat model. CCK-8 and wound healing assays were performed vitro evaluate proliferation migration L929 cells after treatment with MCPs. MCPs model macroscopically microscopically analyzed vivo. Results showed that promoted cells. Moreover, 75%MCPs enhanced ulcer process, suppressed inflammatory response up-regulated expression levels vascular...

The inflammation aroused by implants is the main cause of implant failure. Therefore, design paradigm has changed from "inertia" to "immunomodulatory". Although multiple bioactive ions exert effects on osteogenesis, how magnesium (Mg2+) manipulate immune response via inducing macrophage polarization and subsequently promote osteogenesis needs further investigation. In this study, phase-transited lysozyme (PTL) deposited onto surface titanium (Ti) construct a functional coating chloride...

Three human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) mutants were constructed with mutations in their protease genes: AH2-pSVL, an in-phase deletion; BH27-pSVL, out-of-phase deletion creating a stop codon immediately after the site; and CA-pSVL, point mutation Asp-to-Ala substitution at putative active site. The wild-type, HXB2-pSVL, mutated viral genomes used to transfect COS-M6 cells produce virions. Immunoblotting assays monoclonal antibody (MAb) specific for p24 showed that all three mutant...

The cyclic resistance of ProTaper Universal (size 25/08) and Next 25/06) instruments was compared in artificial canals with different curvatures this study. A total 30 were divided into 6 groups (n = 10) operated 3 angles curvature (45°, 60°, 90°). canal length kept consistent number cycles to fracture (NCF) counted until file occurred, at which point, the fragment measured. data analyzed statistically using ANOVA complemented by Tukey test (p < 0.05). Cross sections fractured files scanned...

Abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA) represents a critical cardiovascular condition characterized by localized dilation of the abdominal aorta, carrying significant risk rupture and mortality. Current treatment options are limited, necessitating novel therapeutic approaches. This study investigates potential pioneering nanodrug delivery system, RAP@PFB, in mitigating AAA progression. RAP@PFB integrates pentagalloyl glucose (PGG) rapamycin (RAP) within metal-organic-framework (MOF) structure...

ABSTRACT Point mutations and inserts in the β3-β4 region of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) reverse transcriptase (RT) are associated with resistance to nucleoside analog inhibitors. This report describes HIV-1 strains from seven patients that were found have a 3-bp deletion RT gene. These patient also had mean 6.2 drug resistance-associated their genes (range, 3 10 mutations). The was most frequently Q151M mutation. Nonnucleoside inhibitor six strains. Culture-based sensitivity...

Nanobodies (Nbs) are variable domains of the heavy chain heavy-chain antibodies (VHHs) found only in camelids and sharks. They have same binding capability as full-length immunoglobulin G (IgG) but exhibit improved thermal stability permeability, pointing to potential scientific, medical, industrial applications. The aim present study was identify an alternative method for more efficient production Nbs Escherichia coli-based expression system. Several fusion tags, including maltose-binding...

To determine the short- and long-term antibacterial properties of a novel biomedical titanium alloy to ensure excellent biocompatibility TiN/Ag multilayers loaded with different doses Ag+. First, nanosized were accumulated onto (Ti-6Al-4V) substrates via multi-arc ion plating. Then, implanted silver ions (1×1017 ions/cm², 1×1018 5×1016 5×1017 ions/cm²). Both against Streptococcus mutans Staphylococcus aureus assessed unique methods. Additionally, response behaviors MC3T3-E1 L929 cells on...

Building a gradient structure inside the Mg alloy can be expected to greatly improve its comprehensive mechanical properties. In this study, AZ31/Mg–Sc laminated composites with grain were prepared by hot extrusion. The microstructure and properties of Mg–1Sc different extrusion temperatures surface AZ31 fine-grain layers investigated. has more obvious when extruded at 350 °C. nanoscale hardness value was improved through strengthening solution layer. strength due dislocation layer,...

The initial grains of H62 brass alloy are refined after continuous extrusion, and the dynamic recrystallization occurs in forming process. Mastering driving forces microstructure evolution key for exploring deformation characteristics two-phase during extrusion. optical microscope (OM) transmission electron (TEM) were used to observe whole regions brass. results show that groove rolling region is flatter than raw material. dislocations twins found α phases, β phases broken distributed...

This study focus on the changes of position and morphology jaw condyle after MEAW (the multiloop edgewise arch wire) treatment in adults with a nonlow angle (mean or high SN - MP > 27°) skeletal class III (mild to moderate classs means -5° < ANB 0°) malocclusions measured by CBCT (cone beam computed tomography). Twenty adult patients (aged 17-26) were selected this taken orthodontic MEAW. was before analyze condyle. After treatment, L7-MP decreased 12.2°, L6-MP 10.5°, L1-MP 8.8° (P 0.001 for...

Sand-blasting treatment and chemically biomimetic growth are important methods improving the interface adhesion strength formation of osteoconductive coatings for implants. In present study, these were employed to generate bone-like apatite coating on Ti6Al4V spinal fusion devices. The surface morphology, elements microstructure analyzed using SEM, AFM, EDS, XRD TEM. results showed that layer formed after sand blasting growth. Also dimensional accuracy device could meet implantation...