A5016999942- Radiation Therapy and Dosimetry
- Effects of Radiation Exposure
- Plant Genetic and Mutation Studies
- DNA Repair Mechanisms
- Radiation Effects and Dosimetry
- Advanced Radiotherapy Techniques
- Radiopharmaceutical Chemistry and Applications
- Medical Imaging Techniques and Applications
- Boron Compounds in Chemistry
- Radiation Dose and Imaging
- Nanoparticle-Based Drug Delivery
- Carcinogens and Genotoxicity Assessment
- Nanoparticles: synthesis and applications
- Radioactive contamination and transfer
- DNA and Nucleic Acid Chemistry
- Prostate Cancer Treatment and Research
- Mitochondrial Function and Pathology
- Orthopaedic implants and arthroplasty
- Gold and Silver Nanoparticles Synthesis and Applications
- Advances in Oncology and Radiotherapy
- Risk Perception and Management
- Immunotherapy and Immune Responses
- Sensor Technology and Measurement Systems
- Cutaneous Melanoma Detection and Management
- Advanced Sensor and Energy Harvesting Materials
Istituto Superiore di Sanità
2012-2023
Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare
2004-2023
Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare, Sezione di Roma I
2013-2023
Sapienza University of Rome
2022
Fondazione Roma
2005
The spatial distribution of radiation-induced DNA breaks within the cell nucleus depends on radiation quality in terms energy deposition pattern. It is generally assumed that higher linear transfer (LET), greater damage complexity. Using a combined experimental and theoretical approach, we examined phosphorylation-dephosphorylation kinetics γ-H2AX foci, size 3D focus morphology, relationship between cellular end points (i.e., killing lethal mutations) after exposure to gamma rays, protons,...
Purpose : To study the induction and time-course of rejoining DNA double strand breaks (DSB) in V79 cells irradiated with light ions different linear energy transfer (LET). Materials methods were monolayer monoenergetic proton, deuteron, helium-3 or helium-4 ion beams, each at two values. Gamma rays used as reference radiation. DSB have been measured by constant field gel electrophoresis (CFGE). Results The initial yield depended little on particle type LET. amount left unrejoined for up to...
Purpose:To quantify the role played by radiation track structure and background fragments in modulating DNA fragmentation human cells exposed to γ-rays light ions.Materials methods: Human fibroblasts were vitro different doses (in range from 40 – 200 Gy) of 60Co 0.84 MeV protons (Linear Energy Transfer, LET, tissue 28.5 keV/μm). The resulting scored under two electrophoretic conditions, order optimize separation size ranges 0.023 1.0 Mbp 5.7 Mbp. In parallel, was simulated both with a...
Antonelli, F., Belli, M., Cuttone, G., Dini, V., Esposito, Simone, Sorrentino, E. and Tabocchini, M. A. Induction Repair of DNA Double-Strand Breaks in Human Cells: Dephosphorylation Histone H2AX its Inhibition by Calyculin Radiat. Res. 164, 514–517 (2005).Phosphorylation histone at serine 139 (γ-H2AX) represents one the earliest steps DSB signaling repair, but mechanisms coupling this modification to processing remain be established. In work, phosphorylation-dephosphorylation kinetics...
We studied the DNA fragmentation induced in human fibroblasts by iron-ion beams of two different energies: 115 MeV/nucleon and 414 MeV/nucleon. Experimental data were obtained fragment size range 1-5700 kbp; Monte Carlo simulations performed with PARTRAC code; analysis was also through Generalized Broken Stick (GBS) model. The comparison between experimental simulated for number fragments produced ranges, 1-23 kbp 23-5700 kbp, gives a satisfactory agreement both radiation qualities. allow...
Abstract Amino and sulfonate ending groups thiols are used as functionalizing agents to stabilize of gold nanoparticles (AuNPs), obtaining hydrophilic AuNPs with a 10–20 nm diameter range tunable surface charge. The nanomaterial is extensively characterized from physicochemical point view by UV–Vis Fourier‐transform infrared spectroscopy, nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) synchrotron radiation X‐ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), dynamic light scattering investigate the bonding between two...
Purpose : To compare the results on DNA fragmentation induced in Chinese hamster V79 cells by various doses of γ-rays and low-energy protons helium-4 ions. Materials methods were irradiated as monolayers with monoenergetic ions; used reference radiation. double-strand breaks evaluated calibrated pulsed-field gel electrophoresis using conditions covering range 5.7 Mbp-23.1 kbp. Results The fragment-counting method gave yields relative biological effectiveness higher than those obtained...
Belli, M., Campa, A., Dini, V., Esposito, G., Furusawa, Y., Simone, Sorrentino, E. and Tabocchini, M. A. DNA Fragmentation Induced in Human Fibroblasts by Accelerated 56Fe Ions of Differing Energies. Radiat. Res. 165, 713–720 (2006).DNA fragmentation was studied the fragment size range 0.023–5.7 Mbp after irradiation human fibroblasts with iron-ion beams four different energies, i.e., 200 MeV/nucleon, 500 1 GeV/nucleon 5 GeV/nucleon, γ rays used as reference radiation. The double-strand...
Development of new radiotherapy strategies based on the use hadrons, as well reduction uncertainties associated with radiation health risk during long-term space flights, requires increasing knowledge mechanisms underlying biological effects charged particles. It is known that particles are more effective in damaging systems than photons. This capability has been related to production spatially correlated and/or clustered DNA damage, particular two or double-strand breaks (DSB) close...
Recent studies on cancer stem cells revealed they are tumorigenic and able to recapitulate the characteristics of tumour from which derive, so that it was suggested elimination this population is essential prevent recurrences after any treatment. However, there evidence inherently resistant conventional (photon) radiotherapy. Since use proton beam therapy in treatment growing rapidly worldwide, mainly because their excellent dosimetric properties, possibility could be considered also have...
Scientific community and institutions (e. g., ICRP) consider that the Linear No-Threshold (LNT) model, which extrapolates stochastic risk at low dose/low dose rate from moderate/high doses, provides a prudent basis for practical purposes of radiological protection. However, biological dose/dose responses challenge LNT model have been highlighted important dowels came radiobiology studies conducted in Deep Underground Laboratories (DULs). These extreme ultra-low radiation environments are...
Journal Article Glioblastoma stem cells: radiobiological response to ionising radiations of different qualities Get access I. Pecchia, Pecchia * 1Department Technology and Health, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, viale Regina Elena 299, Rome 00161, Italy *Corresponding author: ilaria.pecchia@iss.it Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar V. Dini, Dini Italy2Sez. Roma1-Gruppo collegato INFN, Rome, L. Ricci-Vitiani, Ricci-Vitiani 3Department Hematology,...
Glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) is a malignant primary brain tumor with very poor prognosis, high recurrence rate, and failure of chemo-radiotherapy, mainly due to small fraction cells stem-like properties (GSCs). To study the mechanisms GSCs resistance radiation, two GSC lines, named line #1 #83, different metabolic patterns clinical outcome, were irradiated photon beams carbon ions assessed by
Abstract Background 223 Ra is currently used for treatment of metastatic castration resistant prostate cancer patients (mCRPC) bone metastases with fixed standard activity. Individualized treatments, based on adsorbed dose (AD) in target and non-target tissue, are absolutely needed to optimize efficacy while reducing toxicity α-emitter targeted therapy. This a pilot first human clinical trial aimed correlate dosimetry, response biological side effects personalize treatment. Methods Out 20...
Literature data on the administration of conventional high-dose beams with (FF) or without flattening filters (FFF) show conflicting results biological effects at cellular level. To contribute to this field, we irradiated V79 Chinese hamster lung fibroblasts and two patient-derived glioblastoma stem-like cell lines (GSCs—named #1 #83) using a clinical 10 MV accelerator FF (at 4 Gy/min) FFF dose rates 24 Gy/min). Cell killing DNA damage induction, determined γ-H2AX assay, gene expression were...
Acrylates-based co-polymeric nanoparticles (PNPs) are widely used in nanomedicine applications due to their tunable hydrophilic surface, physical and chemical versatility. Particularly attracting is use as nanocarriers for imaging agents. Herein, methyl methacrylate (MMA) N,N-dimethylacrylamide (DMAA) monomers were synthesize p(MMA-co-DMAA) the 200–600 nm size range via surfactant-free radical emulsion polymerization technique. Different MMA/DMAA molar ratios, temperatures, reaction times...
Dini, V., Antonelli, F., Belli, M., Campa, A., Esposito, G., Simone, Sorrentino, E. and Tabocchini, M. A. Influence of PMMA Shielding on DNA Fragmentation Induced in Human Fibroblasts by Iron Titanium Ions. Radiat. Res. 164, 577–581 (2005).In the framework a collaborative project influence shielding biological effectiveness space radiation, we studied fragmentation induced 1 GeV/nucleon iron ions titanium with without 197-mm-thick polymethylmethacrylate (PMMA) shield AG1522 human...
Experimental data on DNA double strand break (DSB) induction in human fibroblasts (AG1522), following irradiation with several radiation qualities, namely gamma rays, 0.84 MeV protons, 58.9 u−1 carbon ions, iron ions of 115 u−1, 414 1 GeV and 5 are presented. DSB yields were measured by calibrated Pulsed Field Gel Electrophoresis the fragment size range 0.023–5.7 Mbp. The show little LET dependence, spite large variation latter among beams, slightly higher than that obtained using rays....
Purpose: Recent research has suggested that serotonin may play an important role in the expression of radiation-induced bystander effects. Serotonin levels serum were reported to range from 6–22 μM and correlate inversely with magnitude cellular colony-forming ability medium transfer assays. That is, high concentration correlated a low cloning efficiency cultures receiving derived irradiated cells.Methods: Because potential importance this observation, European Union's Non-targeted Effects...
It is increasingly recognised that stakeholder views can be essential for ascertaining the credibility of those entrusted with protection public and workers against radiation risks, robustness approaches to relevance research underpinning (RP). The CONCERT European Joint Programme RP included consideration views. These were evaluated by means a publicly available survey, translated into 15 languages, encourage responses from wide range countries. survey ran in 2017 received some 1961 many...