We describe an approach to manipulate and measure mechanical interactions between cells their underlying substrates by using microfabricated arrays of elastomeric, microneedle-like posts. By controlling the geometry posts, we varied compliance substrate while holding other surface properties constant. Cells attached to, spread across, deflected multiple The deflections posts occurred independently neighboring and, therefore, directly reported subcellular distribution traction forces. report...

This paper describes the immobilization of ten proteins and two low-molecular-weight ligands on mixed self-assembled monolayers (SAMs) alkanethiolates gold generated from tri(ethylene glycol)-terminated thiol 1 (HS(CH2)11(OCH2CH2)3OH) (chi(1) = 1.0-0.0) longer, carboxylic acid-terminated thiol2(HS(CH2)11(OCH2-CH2)6OCH2CO2H) (chi(2) 0.0-1.0). The was achieved by a two-step procedure: generation reactive N-hydroxysuccinimidyl esters acid groups 2 in SAM coupling these with amines protein or...

Self-assembly of millimeter-scale polyhedra, with surfaces patterned solder dots, wires, and light-emitting diodes, generated electrically functional, three-dimensional networks. The patterns dots wires controlled the structure networks formed; both parallel serial connections were generated.

This paper describes a general procedure for the formation of hydrogels that contain microfluidic networks. In this procedure, micromolded meshes gelatin served as sacrificial materials. Encapsulation in hydrogel and subsequent melting flushing left behind interconnected channels hydrogel. The were narrow ∼6 µm, faithfully replicated features original mesh. Fifty micrometre wide networks collagen fibrin readily enabled delivery macromolecules particles into transport from bulk gels....

Stretchable electronic circuits have been microfabricated using tortuous gold wires embedded in silicone elastomer. With appropriate geometric parameters, the could elongate by more than 50 % while maintaining stable conductivity (see Figure). This technology represents a key development towards conductive fabrics, flexible displays, and other applications that require electronics to withstand unprecedented degrees of stress vibration.

We use electrostatic interactions to direct the patterning of gold disks having ∼10-μm diameters on functionalized surfaces. Planar and curved substrates with patterned surface charge were generated either by microcontact printing or photolithography. Small charged electroplating into photoresist molds derivatizing these self-assembled monolayers. When agitated as a suspension in contact surfaces, deposited specifically but disordered aggregates regions presenting opposite charge....

Abstract Adherent cells are strongly influenced by the mechanical aspects of biomaterials, but little is known about cellular effects spatial variations in these properties. This work describes a novel method to produce polymeric cell culture surfaces containing micrometer‐scale regions variable stiffness. Substrates made acrylamide or poly(dimethylsiloxane) were patterned with 100‐ 10‐μm resolution, respectively. Cells cultured on fibronectin‐coated having Young's moduli 34 kPa and 1.8 kPa,...

Self-assembly provides the basis for a procedure used to organize millimeter-scale objects into regular, three-dimensional arrays (“crystals”) with open structures. The individual components are designed and fabricated of polyurethane by molding; selected faces coated thin film liquid, metallic alloy. Under mild agitation in warm, aqueous potassium bromide solution, capillary forces between films alloy cause self-assembly. structures resulting, self-assembled determined structural features...

Many solid tumors exhibit elevated interstitial fluid pressure (IFP). This within the core of tumor results in outward flow to periphery. We previously found that directionality IFP gradients modulates collective invasion from surface patterned three-dimensional (3D) aggregates MDA-MB-231 human breast cancer cells. Here, we used this 3D engineered model investigate molecular mechanisms underlying IFP-induced changes invasive phenotype. alters expression genes associated with...

Microcontact printing of proteins from an elastomeric stamp has been demonstrated on a limited number substrates. This work explores the generality this method patterning by examining role surface wettability both substrate and in microcontact printing. The substrates used study consisted two-component, mixed self-assembled monolayers (SAMs) alkanethiols gold presenting −CH3 polar groups −COOH, −OH, or −(OCH2CH2)6OH. We found that protein adsorbed successfully transfers onto SAM only when...

This paper describes the self-assembly of small objects—polyhedral metal plates with largest dimensions 10 to 30 μm—into highly ordered, three-dimensional arrays. The were fabricated using photolithography and electrodeposition techniques, faces functionalized be hydrophobic or hydrophilic self-assembled monolayers (SAMs). Self-assembly occurs in water through capillary interactions between thin films a liquid (a prepolymer adhesive) coated onto plates; coalescence adhesive reduces...

The fabrication of complex patterns aligned microstructures has required the use multiple applications lithography. Here we describe an approach for microfabrication that encodes two-dimensional spatial information several photomasks onto a single elastomeric stamp by mapping each photomask distinct heights on surface stamp. Pressing against collapses topography such recessed layer contacts in stepwise sequence; greater applied pressure, larger area surface. After contact new with surface,...

This Communication describes the use of patterned elastomeric stamps to mold, release, and stack hydrogels into three-dimensional microstructures. Molding gels against derivatized by a hexa(ethylene glycol)-terminated self-assembled monolayer or an adsorbed bovine serum albumin allowed application several soft lithographic techniques (replica molding, microtransfer micromolding in capillaries) microfabrication gels. We describe procedures generate coplanar bilayered composites

This paper describes several methods that generate patterned relief structures for casting the elastomeric stamps required in microcontact printing (μCP). The include following: (1) patterns etched thin films of silver (200 nm thick) with printed SAMs hexadecanethiolate as resists; (2) polymeric assembled on surface a film (or gold) has been hexadecanethiolate; and (3) polystyrene microspheres flat surface. Commercial diffraction gratings were also useful masters. Microcontact...

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVCommunicationNEXTThree-Dimensional Mesoscale Self-AssemblyWilhelm T. S. Huck, Joe Tien, and George M. WhitesidesView Author Information Department of Chemistry Chemical Biology Harvard University, 12 Oxford Street Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138 Cite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1998, 120, 32, 8267–8268Publication Date (Web):July 31, 1998Publication History Received23 April 1998Published online31 July inissue 1 August 1998https://doi.org/10.1021/ja981390gCopyright...

Abstract The formation of a stably perfused microvasculature continues to be major challenge in tissue engineering. Previous work has suggested the importance sufficiently large transmural pressure maintaining vascular stability and perfusion. Here we show that system empty channels provides drainage function analogous lymphatic vivo can stabilize adhesion maintain perfusion rate dense, hydraulically resistive fibrin scaffolds vitro . In absence drainage, endothelial delamination increased...