As one of the common abiotic stresses, chilling stress has negative effects on rice growth and development. Minimization these adverse through various ways is vital for productivity rice. Nanoparticles (NPs) serve as effective alleviation methods against stresses. In our research, zinc oxide (ZnO) NPs were utilized foliar sprays leaves to explore mechanism underlying effect impact seedlings. We revealed that application ZnO significantly alleviated in hydroponically grown seedlings,...

The exploitation of male sterility systems has enabled the commercialization heterosis in rice, with greatly increased yield and total production this major staple food crop. Hybrid which was adopted 1970s, now covers nearly 13.6 million hectares each year China alone. Various types cytoplasmic (CMS) environment-conditioned genic (EGMS) have been applied hybrid rice production. In paper, recent advances genetics, biochemistry, molecular biology are reviewed an emphasis on rice: five CMS...

Due to its tropical origins, rice (Oryza sativa) is susceptible cold stress, which poses severe threats production. OsNAC5, a NAC-type transcription factor, participates in the stress response of rice, but detailed mechanisms remain poorly understood. Here, we demonstrate that OsNAC5 positively regulates tolerance at germination and seedlings by directly activating expression ABSCISIC ACID INSENSITIVE 5 (OsABI5). Haplotype analysis indicated single nucleotide polymorphisms NAC-binding site...

Drought has become one of the environmental threats to agriculture and food security. Applications melatonin (MT) serve as an effective way alleviate drought stress, but underlying mechanism remains poorly understood. Here, we found that foliar spray 100-µM MT greatly mitigated severe stress-induced damages in rice seedlings, including improved survival rates, enhanced antioxidant system, adjusted osmotic balance. However, mutation suppressor G2 allele skp1 (OsSGT1) ABSCISIC ACID INSENSITIVE...

With increasing areas of direct sowing, low-temperature (LT) stress drastically affects global rice production. Exogenous applications melatonin (MT) serve as one the effective ways to improve seed germination under various conditions. In this study, we found that MT treatment greatly improved LT stress-induced loss percentage and weak performance seedlings constant 20°C (LT20). This was largely dependent on activated antioxidant system enhanced activities storage substance...

SUMMARY Chromium (Cr) pollution threatens plant development and growth. Application of melatonin (Mel) is emerging as an effective ally to resist stress, but how Mel ameliorates seed germination upon exposure heavy metals poorly understood. Here, we found (i) that priming with considerably alleviated Cr stress during rice ( Oryza sativa ) (ii) performance was significantly improved in suppressor the G2 allele skp1 OsSGT1 overexpression lines, while mutations and/or abscisic acid‐insensitive...

Background Our long-term field survey revealed that the Cardinium infection rate in Bemisia tabaci Q (also known as biotype Q) population was low Shandong, China over past few years. We hypothesize (1) Cardinium-infected (C+) B. cannot efficiently compete with Cardinium-uninfected (C−) population; (2) no reproductive isolation may have occurred between C+ and C−; (3) C− has higher fitness than population. Methodology Results To reveal differences competitive ability two introduced...

Rice is highly sensitive to temperature fluctuations. Recently, the frequent occurrence of high stress has heavily influenced rice production. Proper heading date in specific environmental conditions could ensure grain yield. greatly depends on accurate measurement changes, particularly day length and temperature. In contrary detailed understanding photoperiod pathway, little been known about how regulates genetic control heading. Near isogenic lines that were segregated for qHd1, developed...

Melatonin (Mel) has previously been reported to effectively alleviate nitrogen-limitation (N-L) stress and thus increase nitrogen-use efficiency (NUE) in several plants, but the underlying mechanism remains obscure. Here, we revealed that OsbZIP79 (BASIC LEUCINE ZIPPER 79) is transcriptionally activated under N-L conditions, its expression further enhanced by exogenous Mel. By combined use of omics, genetics, biological techniques, OsbZIP79-OsABI5 (ABSCISIC ACID INSENSITIVE 5) module...

A porous silicon (pSi) particle-based courier could deliver melatonin (MT) into pregerminated seeds by seed priming, which serves as an environmentally-friendly and sustainable method to improve nickel stress tolerance.

Plastome-genome incompatibility (PGI) is prevalent in several plants including the Zantedeschia species, a worldwide commercial flower crop native to South Africa. Generally, hybrids suffering from PGI appear less vigorous and more susceptible than normal plants. Previous reports revealed that level interspecific correlated with relatedness of parental species genus Zantedeschia. To provide basis for utilizing improving resources breeding programs, total 117 accessions colored calla lily...

Abstract Salt and drought limit the range of applications perennial ryegrass ( Lolium perenne L.), which is one important turf forage grasses. Previous studies have suggested that pyrroline-5-carboxylate reductase (P5CR) might play a central role in proline accumulation plants are responsive to stresses. In present study, L. LpP5CR ) gene was cloned from leaves cultivar ‘Derby’ using RACE technique. The full-length 1 047 bp length, comprised an open reading frame (ORF) 840 bp size. Sequence...

The number of grains per panicle significantly contributes to rice yield, but the regulatory mechanism remains largely unknown. Here, we reported a loss-of-function mutant, apical abortion 7 (paa7), which exhibited and degeneration spikelets on panicles during late stage young development in rice. High accumulations H2O2 paa7 caused programmed cell death (PCD) accompanied by nuclear DNA fragmentation spikelets. Map-based cloning revealed that 3 bp “AGC” insertion 4 “TCTC” deletion mutation...

Seven interspecific crosses of Tagetes erecta × T. patula were conducted in this study. The cross compatibility index, seed setting rate, germination phenotype, ploidy level, heterosis over male parent and field performance tested. results showed that different indices vary greatly, from 10.44~114.41, which is far less than the intraspecific hybridization S-121 I-506 index. rate each ranged 15.67% to 49.0%, TP-512 scored highest was higher (35.85%). Compared with parent, F1 has plant height,...

This study systematically examined hydrothermal effects of antioxidant substances, such as total phenolic (TPC), flavonoid (TFC), and proanthocyanidin (TPAC) contents, cyanidin‐3‐ O ‐glucoside (C3G), peonidin‐3‐ (P3G), α‐, γ‐, δ‐tocopherols, δ‐tocotrienols, well activities, color parameters, soluble sugar compositions in red black rice. It showed that differences (Δ E ) rice were higher than those caused by boiling. The processed exhibited significantly ( P < 0.05) lower TPC, TFC, TPAC,...

Abstract Phenolic acids and phytosterols, the main functional compounds in cereals, could promote wellbeing reduce risks of diet‐related diseases. This study aimed to demonstrate phenolic acid phytosterol profiles rice grains wheat flours, estimate their intakes five geographical regions among different age groups. phytosterols mainly existed bound form, whole grain had high amount 161.39 368.74 µg/g 37.50 93.31 mg/ 100 g, respectively. In total, nine six were detected with ferulic p...