The receptor tyrosine kinase AXL is thought to play a role in metastasis; however, the therapeutic efficacy of an AXL-targeting agent remains largely untested metastatic disease. In this study, we defined as target for ovarian cancer. primarily expressed metastases and advanced-stage human tumors but not normal epithelium. Genetic inhibition tumor cells sufficient prevent initiation disease vivo. Mechanistically, signaling animals with results decreased invasion matrix metalloproteinase...

Background Gastrointestinal stromal tumors (GISTs) are uncommon intestinal neoplasms in the dog. Literature regarding adjunctive therapy for GISTs dogs is sparse. High‐risk humans respond to tyrosine kinase inhibition adjuvant setting. Objectives To review cases of toceranib phosphate use with and provide initial assessment possible biological activity. A secondary aim was evaluate patient tumor characteristics prognostic value. Animals Twenty‐seven confirmed based on histopathology...

Effective treatment options for inoperable, metastatic, or recurrent canine pheochromocytomas are lacking. In humans, specific germline mutations exist that drive the development of pheochromocytomas. Pharmaceutical blockade these abnormalities with small molecule inhibitors an effective strategy. Similar may in dog, and thus, similar provide a survival advantage. The purpose this study was to assess role toceranib phosphate pheochromocytomas.Retrospectively, medical records dogs had...

Abstract Canine osteosarcoma (OSA) is an aggressive bone tumour in dogs. Standard‐of‐care treatment typically results relatively short survival times; thus, alternative treatments are needed to confer a advantage. It has been shown that OSA immunogenic tumour, suggesting immune modulation may result superior outcomes. A cryopreserved, Listeria ‐based vaccine was recently developed and initial study dogs reported prolonged for patients receiving the conjunction with standard‐of‐care. The goal...

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the prevalence serum alanine transaminase (ALT) increases in cats treated with 1-(2-chloroethyl)-3-cyclohexyl-1-nitrosourea (CCNU, lomustine). medical records 95 CCNU were reviewed, 29 which met criteria (at least one treatment as a single agent, and at pretreatment post-treatment complete biochemical profile). Cats that received concurrent prednisone or dexamethasone included, but those hepatoprotective hepatotoxic medications excluded. included...

Abstract Background Canine pancreatic carcinoma is a rare, aggressive tumour that often diagnosed late in the course of disease. Effective treatment strategies have been elusive, and overall survival time short. In humans, with tyrosine kinase inhibitors alone, or combination IV gemcitabine, moderately effective. As canine human carcinomas share many clinical aspects, mimic regimens may confer better outcome patients. The aim this study was to assess role veterinary inhibitor, toceranib...

Information regarding response rate to tigilanol tiglate for mast cell tumors in dogs is limited.

Abstract Background Listeria monocytogenes is a promising therapeutic vaccine vector for cancer immunotherapy. Although highly attenuated, three cases of systemic listeriosis have been reported in people following treatment with -based vaccines. This complication has thus far not canine patients. Case presentation A dog previously diagnosed osteoblastic osteosarcoma was presented care administration doses the Canine Osteosarcoma Vaccine-Live Vector. On routine staging chest radiographs, mild...

Aortic body tumors, specifically chemodectomas, are the second most common type of canine cardiac tumor; however, information about treatment is currently lacking. This study included dogs with a presumptive or definitive diagnosis an aortic chemodectoma that underwent toceranib phosphate. Cases were solicited via American College Veterinary Internal Medicine Cardiology, Medicine, and Oncology listservs using electronic survey. Cox multivariate analysis factors potentially impacting survival...

Abstract Background Chronic inflammation mediated by the cyclooxygenase enzymes, specifically their product prostaglandin E2 (PGE2), can result in development of cancer. PGE2 promotes cell proliferation, apoptosis, and angiogenesis through interaction with its specific receptors (EP1 receptor - EP4 [EP1R-EP4R]). In multiple human cancers, expression EP4R is associated malignancy a poor prognosis. The has not yet been evaluated canine tumors. aim this study was to characterize mRNA gene (...

Abstract OBJECTIVE To evaluate survival times for dogs with previously untreated, peripheral nodal, intermediate- or large-cell lymphoma treated prednisone alone. ANIMALS 109 client-owned recruited from 15 institutions in the United States. PROCEDURES Dogs were at a dosage of 40 mg/m 2 , PO, once daily 7 days and 20 thereafter. Quality life (QOL) was assessed by owners visual analog scale when treatment started (day 0), 1 weeks after started, every 4 The primary outcome interest time as...

Staphylococcus aureus strains of type 95 in Denmark have increased to a frequency 20% the total S. population. A clonal origin and possible subdivision these been discussed. In present investigation 35 epidemiologically unrelated as well reference other types analysed by typing techniques including lectin-typing, multilocus enzyme electrophoresis pulsed-field gel genomic restriction fragments. No could be achieved based on any methods seems therefore possible.

An 11‐year‐old, female, spayed labrador retriever was presented to the Iowa State University Oncology Service for evaluation of a rapidly expanding mass located near right prescapular lymph node. A Patnaik grade I mast cell tumour (mitotic index <3/10 high‐power fields) had been completely excised from antebrachium five months before presentation. Cytological aspirates healed incision site and new revealed cells with marked eosinophilic infiltration consistent local recurrence presumed...

Abstract Background Canine peripheral nodal T‐cell lymphoma is considered chemotherapy resistant and carries a relatively poor prognosis. Prospective evaluations reporting the impact of on progression‐free survival (PFS) overall time for dogs with are lacking. This study examined L‐CHOP (L‐asparaginase, doxorubicin, cyclophosphamide, vincristine, prednisone) or in combination AT‐005, US Department Agriculture‐licensed caninised monoclonal antibody, PFS response rates clinical intermediate‐...

Canine splenic hemangiosarcoma (HSA) is an aggressive tumor with a short overall survival time (OST) despite treatment splenectomy and adjuvant doxorubicin. Modulation of the immune system has been shown to be effective for variety human tumors, may canine including HSA. Immunocidin® non-specific immunotherapy based on mycobacterial cell wall fraction. Preliminary work suggests safe give intravenously (IV) in tumor-bearing dogs. This aimed evaluate safety doxorubicin combination dogs...

Background: High-dose, pharmacological ascorbate (P-AscH-) is preferentially cytotoxic to human cancer cells in vitro. Investigations on the efficacy of P-AscH- as an adjuvant treatment for multiple cancers are on-going, but has yet be formally investigated dogs. The primary objectives this study were determine pharmacokinetic (PK) profile healthy Beagle dogs and effects canine osteosarcoma Methods: Eight purpose-bred, healthy, spayed female dogs, between 20 21 months old, 8 10 kg...

Chemotherapy overdoses (ODs) are severe complications that can occur following the use of antineoplastics. However, little is known about chemotherapy ODs in veterinary medicine. The goals this retrospective study were to report occurrence, type, and cause companion animal American College Veterinary Internal Medicine oncology internal medicine listservs solicited for OD cases dogs cats. An was defined as administration a dose 10% higher than intended, or at shorter interval planned. Twelve...

ABSTRACT Data regarding the outcome of canine rib chondrosarcoma is sparse and varied. While grade tumour associated with for appendicular chondrosarcoma, association unclear. This study aimed to correlate median survival time. Retrospectively, cases primary were identified, tumours graded based on a 3‐tier adapted human grading scheme. Twenty‐two patients included in analysis. The time was 1427 days (range: 27–3354 days). not significantly different I versus II III ( p = 0.82), I–II 0.34),...

Canine lymphoma (LSA) is a diverse, aggressive malignancy initiated by variety of factors. Understanding those factors could help identify potential treatment options. Chronic inflammation drives in human medicine and suspected to play role veterinary medicine. The exact mechanisms, however, have not been elucidated. Upregulation the cyclooxygenase enzymes, subsequently prostaglandins, potentially stimulatory role. Prostaglandins work through one four EP receptors (EP1-EP4) effects mediated...