A5004635812- Radioactivity and Radon Measurements
- Radioactive contamination and transfer
- Nuclear and radioactivity studies
- Radiation Dose and Imaging
- Graphite, nuclear technology, radiation studies
- Nuclear Physics and Applications
- Radiation Therapy and Dosimetry
- Radiation Detection and Scintillator Technologies
- Effects of Radiation Exposure
- Nuclear Issues and Defense
- Radiation Effects and Dosimetry
- Nuclear reactor physics and engineering
- Astrophysics and Cosmic Phenomena
- Electron and X-Ray Spectroscopy Techniques
- Astro and Planetary Science
- Radiative Heat Transfer Studies
- Stellar, planetary, and galactic studies
- Gamma-ray bursts and supernovae
- Occupational and environmental lung diseases
- Groundwater flow and contamination studies
- Particle Detector Development and Performance
- Astrophysics and Star Formation Studies
- Advanced Radiotherapy Techniques
- Carcinogens and Genotoxicity Assessment
- Cryospheric studies and observations
United States Department of Energy
1994-2021
United States Department of Education
2017-2021
National Cancer Institute
2021
Vehicle Technologies Office
2010-2020
Radiance Technologies (United States)
2019
Research Triangle Park Foundation
2019
Environmental Protection Agency
2019
Impact Assessment
2019
Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center
2019
Fred Hutch Cancer Center
2019
The recently published NCRP Commentary No. 27 evaluated the new information from epidemiologic studies as to their degree of support for applying linear nonthreshold (LNT) model carcinogenic effects radiation protection purposes (NCRP 2018 Implications Recent Epidemiologic Studies Linear Nonthreshold Model and Radiation Protection, (Bethesda, MD: National Council on Protection Measurements)). aim was determine whether recent low-LET radiation, particularly those at low doses and/or dose...
Nuclear weapons testing conducted at Bikini and Enewetak Atolls during 1946-1958 resulted in exposures of the resident population present-day Republic Marshall Islands to radioactive fallout. This paper summarizes results a thorough systematic reconstruction radiation doses that population, by year, age exposure, atoll residence, related cancer risks. Detailed methods are presented series companion papers this volume. From our analysis, we concluded 20 66 nuclear tests or near measurable...
Doserates in air from each important deposited fission product have been calculated for the period 1 July 1960 to January 1965 measured deposition rainfall at Westwood, N. J. A realistic model has adopted account distribution with depth of radionuclides soil. These dose rates are consistent situ gamma-spectrometric measurements, indicating that a detailed and reasonably accurate history obtained effect fallout on external gamma radiation levels.
The primary aim of the epidemiologic study one million U.S. radiation workers and veterans [the Million Worker Study (MWS)] is to provide scientifically valid information on level risk when exposures are received gradually over time not within seconds, as was case for Japanese atomic bomb survivors. outcome cancer mortality, but other causes death such cardiovascular disease cerebrovascular will be evaluated. success tied validity dose reconstruction approaches realistic estimates...
Dosimetic uncertainties, particularly those that are shared among subgroups of a study population, can bias, distort or reduce the slope significance dose response. Exposure estimates in studies health risks from environmental radiation exposures generally highly uncertain and thus, susceptible to these methodological limitations. An analysis was published 2008 concerning radiation-related thyroid nodule prevalence population 2,994 villagers under age 21 years old between August 1949...
National Council on Radiation Protection and Measurements Commentary 27 examines recent epidemiologic data primarily from low-dose or low dose-rate studies of linear-energy-transfer radiation cancer to assess whether they support the linear no-threshold model as used in protection. The commentary provides a critical review studies, most published within last 10 y, that are applicable current occupational, environmental, medical exposures. strengths weaknesses methods, dosimetry assessments,...
Approximately 235,000 military personnel participated at one of 230 U.S. atmospheric nuclear weapons tests from 1945 through 1962. At the Nevada Test Site (NTS), atomic veterans in maneuvers, observed tests, or provided technical support. Pacific Proving Ground (PPG), they served aboard ships were stationed on islands during after tests.Participants seven test series, previously studied with high-quality dosimetry and records, first TRINITY formed cohort 114,270 male participants traced for...
The exposure of the population Utah to external gamma-radiation from fallout nuclear weapons tests carried out between 1951 and 1958 at Nevada Test Site has been reconstructed recent measurements residual cesium-137 plutonium in soil. Although highest exposures were found extreme southwest part Utah, as expected, residents populous northern valleys around Provo, Salt Lake City, Ogden received a higher mean dose significantly greater (person-rads) than did most counties closer test site....
The gamma ray flux and ionization from the decay products of 222Rn in atmosphere corresponding photon energy angular distributions as a function height above air-ground interface have been calculated for several vertical 214Pb 214Bi concentration profiles. These physical properties are compared with radiation field resulting sources soil. It was found that normal turbulence radon daughter at ground level is only about 2% typical soil source flux, whereas an inversion this ratio order 20%. At...
Radiation dose reconstruction systems for large-scale epidemiological studies are sophisticated both in providing estimates of and representing dosimetry uncertainty. For example, a computer program was used by the Hanford Thyroid Disease Study to provide 100 realizations possible study participants. The variation reflected range each cohort member consistent with data on determinates cohort. Another example is Mayak Worker Dosimetry System 2013 which external internal exposures provides...
A model has been developed to simulate the one‐dimensional time‐dependent vertical diffusion of 222 Rn and its decay products in atmosphere. Computed activities activity ratios as a function height above ground are excellent agreement with experimental data. The simulations indicate that near air‐ground interface quasi steady state is reached within few hours after establishment particular atmospheric mixing regime. Radioactive equilibrium between radon short‐lived daughters approached at...
Methods were developed to calculate individual estimates of exposure and dose with associated uncertainties for a sub-cohort (1,857) 115,329 military veterans who participated in at least one seven series atmospheric nuclear weapons tests or the TRINITY shot carried out by United States. The conducted Pacific Proving Grounds Nevada Test Site. Dose specific organs will be used an epidemiological study investigate leukemia male breast cancer. Previous doses had been estimated purpose...
The NOAA Hybrid Single-Particle Lagrangian Integrated Trajectory Model (HYSPLIT) was evaluated as a research tool to simulate the dispersion and deposition of radioactive fallout from nuclear tests. Model-based estimates can be valuable for use in reconstruction past exposures testing, particularly where little historical monitoring data are available. ability make reliable predictions about could also have significant importance events future. We accuracy HYSPLIT-predicted geographic...
Annual internal radiation doses resulting from both acute and chronic intakes of all important dose-contributing radionuclides occurring in fallout nuclear weapons testing at Bikini Enewetak 1946 through 1958 have been estimated for the residents living on atolls separate reef islands Marshall Islands. Internal absorbed to tissues most risk cancer induction (red bone marrow, thyroid, stomach, colon) representative persons population communities birth years 1929 1968, exposure 1948 1970. The...
Deposition densities (Bq m(-2)) of all important dose-contributing radionuclides occurring in nuclear weapons testing fallout from tests conducted at Bikini and Enewetak Atolls (1946-1958) have been estimated on a test-specific basis for 32 atolls separate reef islands the Marshall Islands. A complete review various historical contemporary data, as well meteorological analysis, was used to make judgments regarding which deposited Islands estimate deposition density. Our analysis suggested...