An equivalent two terminal model based on the Thevenin equivalents describes common mode (CM) currents input and output side of widely used types dc-to-dc power converters-buck boost. Thus, it a nonlinear circuit by linear circuit. The maximized spectrum CM is extracted for converters with stochastic signals using novel characterization procedure. in co-simulation combined full-wave electromagnetic solver to predict radiated emissions from system consisting shielded dc-dc attached cables DC...

A frequency-tunable resonant magnetic field probe is designed for near-field scanning applications the radio frequency interference studies. Tunable resonance achieved by using a varactor diode providing required capacitance and parasitic inductance of loop (i.e., parallel LC circuit). An equivalent circuit model described, analyzed, used designing achieving maximum sensitivity. The tunable in range 900-2260 MHz that covers multiple bands, such as GSM900, UMTS, GPS bands. sensitivity at...

A wideband microwave method is described as a means for rapid detection of slight dissimilarities and aging effects in integrated circuits (ICs). The based on measuring the complex reflection coefficient an IC when illuminated with open-ended rectangular waveguide probe, at K-band (18-26.5 GHz) Ka-band (26.5-40 frequencies. spatially reflected electromagnetic signature given function its internal material properties, geometry metallic deposition circuit element, wire bonds. Consequently,...

Turning on the LCD screen of a mobile phone causes desensitization its receiver in GSM lower frequency band (900 MHz). In this paper, measurement techniques used for investigation intra-system interference caused due to DC-DC converters present on-chip driver IC are presented. An equivalent noise source model is created by modelling flexible printed circuit board traces and obtaining Thevenin changing load conditions.

Correlation between near-field EMI scan and ESD susceptibility of a cellphone CPU IC is investigated. It shown that the depends on activity IC. Based obtained correlation these two scans, it sufficient to perform only by running application which highly loads CPU. This reduces measurement time as well probability physical damage

Scour was responsible for most of the U.S. bridges that collapsed during past 40 years. The maximum scour depth is critical parameter in bridge design and maintenance. Due to scouring refilling river-bed deposits, existing technologies face a challenge measuring strong flood. In this study, new methodology proposed real time monitoring bridges. Smart Rocks with embedded electronics are deployed around foundation as field agents. With wireless communications, these sensors can send their...

This paper is centered on the phenomenological description of spark-less discharges to displays. It analyzes conduction currents injected onto glass and displacement flowing through for metal-backed such as an liquid crystal display (LCD). Further, it provides a full-wave simulation model reproduce current into display's inner electronic structures. The can reach 10 A having pulse widths tens nanoseconds. Discharge voltage levels, polarities, approach speed, humidity influences were...

Modeling the electromagnetic emissions from a complex product such as TV presents many challenges due to complexity of interaction between multiple noise sources and interconnected resonant structures. A set advanced methods design use substitution boards for interference analysis, practical simulation model verifying accuracy passive structures TV, an empirical scaling factor incorporating main processing board using Huygens Equivalence theorem modeling radiation flex cable based on active...

A terminal model is a common method to create equivalent models of dc-dc converters in order predict conducted emissions. In this paper, characterization for with stochastic behavior presented. The averaged and maximized spectra the measured voltages currents are used model. phase information obtained using dedicated reference channel. After source was determined, actual induced noise voltage at test load compared that predicted by estimate its accuracy. results indicate agreement direct...

An ESD demonstrator system was designed to demonstrate the levels of transient fields that a wearable device can be subjected to. The detect pulses as short 1-2 ns and used evaluate associated with brush-by discharge from waist mounted device. presence higher field level at same voltage for body worn indicates risk devices compared HMM specified by IEC-61000-4-2 standard.

Electrostatic discharge (ESD)-induced soft failures are a critical issue for electronic systems as the mostly found after hardware design is completed. Any changes applied to may delay project. Diagnostic tools capable of identifying failure-induced malfunctions in an early stage product help reduce risk late ESD-induced project delays. In many cases, can be directly observed by user interface, system crash, or other obvious indicators. However, operation marginal and applications not...

During the IEC 61000-4-2 test DUT is placed on a 0.5 mm insulating sheet, which horizontal coupling plane (HCP). For discharge points back side of phone this leads to situation in display facing HCP. The or tablet forms capacitance between 50 pF and 300 value depends size phone, its screen flatness, flatness insulator may deteriorate over time. discharges lead large displacement current flowing through display. This has multiple paths body phone: via touch electronics, directly phone. As...

ESD to a display may upset or damage the touch circuit. The have visible spark carrying current frame of mobile device, connecting flex cable, into by penetrating glue between glass layers. It also be sparkless that causes corona charging on surface having currents as high 10 A. A measurement technique is presented allows all traces, including ground cables connect from main board device. substituted PCB has same connections body device and shape, i.e., electromagnetic affects. However, are...

High-speed traces routed in close proximity to a GPS patch antenna compact consumer electronic device could cause desensitization of the receiver. Noise coupling mechanisms between and are studied, together with field patterns antenna. The insights gained understanding underlying physics further used develop general trace routing rules for minimizing radio frequency interference band.

An equivalent two terminal model based on Thevenin equivalents describes the common mode currents input and output side of a buck converter. A linear converter is created measured for various loads up to 300 MHz. The results using agree well with measurements load values that are within range used creating model, however, far away from characterization larger differences occur, as power non circuit which modelled by circuit.

Conventional near-field scanning techniques often employ a general setup such as: broadband probe output connected to chain of amplifiers through coaxial cable spectrum analyzer. In this paper, we investigated how the signal noise ratio is influenced by connection between and first amplifier, types probes, cooling probes with liquid nitrogen amplifier's figure. Eliminating cabling using low helped increase signal-to-noise ~10dB. Further, used cool down tunable resonant probe. This increases...

Channel emulators are used to evaluate communication system performance either in absence of the real channel or test system's response for varying characteristics. For high speed differential digital channels bandwidths excess 20 GHz common making it difficult recreate by electronic means such as FIR filters. An alternative solution is using a low loss short transmission line and having its properties modified mechanical means. Passive structures robust, have frequency range only limited...

This paper presents a novel peak detect and hold (PDH) circuit for the measurement of voltage electromagnetic-field probes. These probes are used to capture fields generated by electrostatic discharge (ESD) events in non-grounded portable devices. Therefore, combining small size, low power consumption nano-second operation is needed. A topology using discrete bipolar transistor structure with OTA common-base storage capacitor charge control optimally meets requirements. The performance...

Detecting personal ESD by using electric field sensors attached to the clothing was evaluated across different realistic charge and discharge scenarios. The event itself is detected associated fast collapse of at human. Its magnitude determined E-field change calibration that relates on body voltage body. Two are used enhance accuracy. One these positions hereby front-side leg other back-side. paper explains measurement principle gives example results.