In this paper, we experimentally realized a steering antenna using type of active metamaterial with tunable refractive index. The is by periodically printed subwavelength metallic resonant patterns embedded microwave varactors. effective index can be controlled low direct-current (dc) bias voltage applied to the In-phase electromagnetic waves transmitting in different zones such slab experience phase delays, and, consequently, output direction transmitted wave steered progressive shift along...

In modern electronic products, the noise from high-speed digital parts is likely to interfere with nearby receivers, causing radio-frequency interference (RFI) issues. this paper, equivalent dipole-moment models and a decomposition method based on reciprocity theory are proposed being used together estimate coupling source victim antennas. The extracted near fields of by solving inverse problem. tangential electromagnetic Huygens's surface, which enclose antenna, can be calculated these...

For radiation source locating above a ground plane, its far field can be predicted by only the magnetic near through method proposed in this paper. This applies finite element to get equivalent current sources from tangential fields. With sources, far-field calculated based on Huygens's principle and image theory. The is scanned surface that encloses with ground. In paper, was first as five-surface cube Then, further simplified using four lines instead of side walls make easier regards...

This study is to estimate the near-field coupling in mixed digital/RF circuit design for modern high speed electronic systems. The noise source IC first modelled by physics-based dipole moment model with data obtained from a scanning plane. victim RF antenna full-wave simulation tool and further as Huygens's equivalent source. tangential fields on box can be calculated negligible multiple scattering effect assumption. then surface integration of Poynting vector at receiving port. A studied...

Near-field coupling in mixed digital/RF circuit design is critical to system sensitivity for modern high speed electronic systems. This paper presents radiation noise source modeling methods and applies equivalent models near-field estimations. The can be either modeled by physics-based dipole moment model or Huygens's with data obtained from scanning. fundamental principles of both are first studied simulation. A clock buffer integrated as a model. tangential fields on box calculated...

A procedure is proposed to extract equivalent dipole-moment model for the real integrated circuit (IC) from near-field scanning data. The radiation fields extracted match well with measured ones in both near- and far-fields. Therefore, can be applied take place of IC full-wave simulation tools, predict IC's radiated emissions presence other structures. Radiation a heat sink excited by an has been simulated HFSS. results were found agree those measured. Thus, extraction models emission validated.

Meshed power and ground planes are commonly used in today's flexible printed circuit board (PCB). In this paper, a methodology to extract the effective characteristic impedance as well per-unit-length parameters of transmission line with meshed reference plane is proposed based on an equivalent model. The validity confirmed through comparison full-wave simulations.

This paper used magnetic near fields to extract the dipole-moment model represent real radiation source. method prevents measurement of electric so that scanning time and points are saved significantly. These equivalent models can take place source in full-wave simulation tool. The electromagnetic interference between victim structures well predicted by model. is validated a numerical example this paper.

In this paper, the near field coupling from SMPS circuits to a nearby antenna is studied using dipole moments [1]. The are extracted scanned H fields on plane above circuits, and then imported into an HFSS model do full wave simulation. simulated matches well with direct measurement. Methods resolve magnitude phase of noise source introduced. Error analysis included in end as well.

This paper presents the measurement validation of reciprocity theorem method for near-field coupling estimation. The overall problem is decomposed into two parts, first part called forward problem, and second reverse problem. For noise source IC modelled by physics-based dipole moment model with data obtained from a scanning plane, then tangential E H fields on Huygens's box enclosing victim antenna are calculated analytical expression. In RF in full-wave simulation tool field simulation....

Turning on the LCD screen of a mobile phone causes desensitization its receiver in GSM lower frequency band (900 MHz). In this paper, measurement techniques used for investigation intra-system interference caused due to DC-DC converters present on-chip driver IC are presented. An equivalent noise source model is created by modelling flexible printed circuit board traces and obtaining Thevenin changing load conditions.

Noise coupling from a working IC to the neighboring victim antenna is estimated by decomposition based reciprocity theorem. The overall problem decomposed into two parts. In first part, turned on and off, which defined as forward problem. second part called reverse in case excited while off. An imaginary Huygens's box introduced above for evaluating coupled power noise source RF antenna. characterized equivalent problem, modeled full-wave simulation tool. With tangential E H fields obtained...

As electronic products become increasingly more complicated, multiple noise sources are likely to simultaneously interfere with the radio frequency (RF) receiver. It will be very helpful if dominant source can identified when solving RF interference issue in a complex system. This article proposes method separately calculate contributions from at their overlapped frequencies so that worse could even radiate simultaneously. The proposed creatively employs decomposition based on reciprocity...

Switching of logic gates is often responsible for significant power supply noise. Predicting the jitter resulting from noise can be critical to analyze proper operation high-speed devices. The statistical characteristics jitter, such as mean standard deviation used place a meaningful bound on worst-case timing margin and estimate bit error rate. While found through simulations many input vectors, require computational effort methods choosing suitable data vectors. Vectorless allow rapid...

This paper proposed a near-field to far-field transformation method for the radiation sources located on large ground plane, based Huygens's principle and image theory. uses tangential electromagnetic fields small plane vertical electric fields, one component (parallel plane) of magnetic around extract equivalent current sources. The radiations are calculated from these their images. application this in several simulation models indicates that it has very good performance both simple printed...

Genetic algorithms (GAs) use many hyperparameters, and tuning these parameters can determine the optimization performance. A GA with an augmented initial population was proposed for decap but it had convergence issues by getting stuck in local minimum. This work uses a reinforcement learning (RL) approach to adaptively tune hyperparameters of during its operation. With this approach, agent tries change so that does not get The method combining RL Augmented showed better performance terms...

Flicker noise and dc offset have strong impacts on the performance of zero-IF receivers. In this paper, we propose a generalized approach to eliminate such architecture pulse compression radars (PCRs). The conventional low-pass filter in receiver is replaced with predefined (PDF) out low-frequency components from demodulated radar signal. Simulation experimental results demonstrate that, based prior knowledge signal PDF, degradation, due complete filtering components, can be recovered...

Retracted.

In this paper, we replace low-pass filter (LPF) in traditional direct-conversion receiver (DCR) pulse compression radar (PCR) by pre-defined (PDF) to directly direct-current offset and low frequency noise. We also accordingly propose an algorithm for compensating the distance range resolution degradation caused PDF's effect on components of received linear modulation (LFM) signals. Based theoretical understanding how band influences compression, a set newly deduced equations are used...

C16H16CUN2O5, orthorhombic, Pna2\ (no. 33), a = 7.680(2) A, b 14.873(3)A, c 14.011(3)A, V= 1600.4Ä 3 , Z 4, R s i(F) 0.040, wRrerfF 1 ) 0.102, T= 293 K. Source of materialDropwise addition 2.0 ml (1.0 M) Na2CC>3 to an aqueous solution 0.075 g (0.442 mol) CuCh • 2H2O in 5.0 H2O yielded pale blue deposit, which was separated by centrifugation and washed with doubly distilled water until no Cl~ anions are detectable the supernatant.Such freshly prepared precipitate

The concept of the optical ring resonator has been introduced to transmission line area for years. A could be composed by a common cable and directional coupler. Its resonance frequencies are determined length cable. This paper proposed an algorithm calculate S-parameters input impedance this coaxial resonator. is validated measurements shows good estimation accuracy. By applying algorithm, features can quickly evaluated before built up. It provides convenience engineers choose suitable...