A5069245732- Clostridium difficile and Clostridium perfringens research
- Vaccine Coverage and Hesitancy
- Influenza Virus Research Studies
- Occupational Health and Safety Research
- Antimicrobial Resistance in Staphylococcus
- Traffic and Road Safety
- Gun Ownership and Violence Research
- Suicide and Self-Harm Studies
- Health Systems, Economic Evaluations, Quality of Life
- Substance Abuse Treatment and Outcomes
- Statistical Methods and Bayesian Inference
- Mycobacterium research and diagnosis
- Gut microbiota and health
- SARS-CoV-2 and COVID-19 Research
- Emergency and Acute Care Studies
- Food Allergy and Anaphylaxis Research
- Asthma and respiratory diseases
- Bacterial Infections and Vaccines
- Viral Infections and Outbreaks Research
- Occupational exposure and asthma
- Injury Epidemiology and Prevention
- Air Quality and Health Impacts
- Healthcare cost, quality, practices
- Global Health Workforce Issues
- Air Quality Monitoring and Forecasting
Duke University
2022-2024
RTI Health Solutions
2024
University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill
2017-2024
Duke University Health System
2023
University of Virginia
2017-2018
Abstract Background Delayed bronchoscopy has been associated with reduced diagnostic yield in immunocompromised patients pneumonia. We sought to evaluate whether timing of was yield, and if plasma mcfDNA sequencing impacted additive value, among enrolled the PICKUP study (NCT04047719). Methods The prospectively undergoing identify pneumonia etiology across ten US sites establish increased compared usual care. In this secondary analysis, onset defined as first abnormal chest imaging index...
Background: Human herpesvirus-8 (HHV-8), or Kaposi sarcoma (KS)-associated herpesvirus (KSHV), causes severe disease in people with profound immunosuppression. Yet, diagnosing KS can be challenging given the diverse manifestations and current limited usual care diagnostic methods (UC; polymerase chain reaction, histopathology). Methods: Pathogen-agnostic plasma microbial cell-free DNA sequencing was applied to banked samples from 116 outpatients included 2 previous prospective studies of...
Nucleic acid microarray (NAM) testing for detection of Staphylococcus aureus bacteremia (SAB) and S. resistance gene determinants can reduce time to targeted antibiotic administration. Evidence-based management SAB includes bedside infectious diseases (ID) consultation. As a healthcare improvement initiative at our institution, with the goal improving outcomes subjects SAB, we implemented NAM process responding positive results by directly triggered, mandatory ID...
Abstract Background Suicide is a serious public health problem in the United States, but limited evidence available investigating fatal suicides at work. There substantial need to characterize workplace inform suicide prevention interventions and target high‐risk settings. This study aims examine rates North Carolina (NC) by worker characteristics, means of used, industry between 1992 2017. Methods Fatal were identified from records NC Office Chief Medical Examiner system death certificate....
Abstract Background Latino/a workers may experience higher fatal occupational injury rates than non‐Latino/a workers. In North Carolina, the population more doubled between 2000 and 2017. We examined injuries among in Carolina over this period. Methods Information on was abstracted from records of Office Chief Medical Examiner death certificate held by Vital Records. Estimates working were derived decennial census American Community Survey. annual for period January 1, to December 31, 2017...
Background Older workers experience higher rates of fatal occupational injury than younger worldwide. In North Carolina, the population older more doubled between 2000 and 2017. 2008, Great Recession changed patterns among all age groups. We examined annual distribution injuries experienced by workers, comparing pre-recession period (2000–2007) to post-recession (2009–2017). Methods Detailed information on during 1 January 31 December 2017 were abstracted from records Carolina Office Chief...
Risk factors for severe COVID-19 pathology are currently being investigated worldwide. The emergence of this highly infectious respiratory disease has plagued the world, with varying severity across populations different age, race, and socio-economic level. These data suggest that other environmental or social may contribute to disease’s severity. Using a mouse model, we identify heavy alcohol cannabinoid consumption as risk increased pulmonary in setting exposure microbial pathogen (K....
Introduction Determining industry of decedents and victim–perpetrator relationships is crucial to inform evaluate occupational homicide prevention strategies. In this study, we examine rates in North Carolina (NC) by victim characteristics, relationship from 1992 2017. Methods Occupational homicides were identified records the NC Office Chief Medical Examiner system death certificates. Sex, age, race, ethnicity, class worker, manner death, abstracted. Crude age-standardised calculated as...
A growing number of inexpensive, publicly available, validated air quality monitors are currently generating granular and longitudinal data on quality. The expansion interconnected networks these providing open access to represents a valuable source for health researchers, citizen scientists, community members; however, the distribution collection systems will determine groups that benefit from them. Expansion other exposure measurement unique opportunity address persistent inequities across...
<title>Abstract</title> Background Many neurologic or immune-mediated conditions have been evaluated as potential adverse events (AEs) in coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) vaccine safety surveillance. To contextualize United States (US) surveillance findings, it is important to quantify the risk of AEs associated with COVID-19 diagnosis among adults US before introduction vaccines. Methods Cohort and self-controlled interval (SCRI) designs were used 2 administrative claims data...
With data from 2 US claims databases (Optum, CVS Health) supplemented with Immunization Information System COVID 19 vaccine records, we evaluated overall and time-specific effectiveness (VE) of an initial primary series for 3 monovalent vaccines—BNT162b2, mRNA-1273, JNJ-7836735—in adults (18-64 years). Vaccinated individuals were matched to unvaccinated comparators, estimated VE against any medically diagnosed hospital/emergency department (ED)-diagnosed 19. Additionally, by era predominant...
Abstract Purpose This study evaluated the association between coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) diagnosis and adverse events (AEs), including cardiovascular AEs appendicitis, in US adults before introduction of COVID-19 vaccines. Real-world studies after suggest that diagnoses frequently occur on same day may be a source bias. Methods Cohort self-controlled risk interval (SCRI) designs were used 2 administrative claims data sources—Merative™ MarketScan® (ages 18-64 years) Medicare ≥ 65...
Abstract Background Methods for matching in longitudinal cohort studies, such as sequential stratification and time-varying propensity scores, facilitate causal inferences the context of time-dependent treatments that are not randomized where patient eligibility or treatment status changes over time. The tradeoffs available approaches have been compared previously, so we compare two methods using simulations based on a retrospective patients eligible weight loss surgery, some whom received...
Fecal microbiota transplant (FMT) via colonoscopy is highly effective treatment for
This study was performed to assess whether an intervention for critically appraising influenza vaccine exemption requests from healthcare personnel (HCP) affected (1) the overall rate of within a institution and/or (2) rates postintervention acceptance among those who inconsistently request annual vaccination and consistently vaccination.Retrospective, before-and-after study.We conducted at single academic medical center.This included 29,663 HCP.Between 2010 2019, HCP were permitted without...
Annual vaccination of healthcare workers (HCW) is an important means to reduce transmission influenza in the setting. Institutions have taken a variety approaches promoting uptake annual vaccine by employees. At our institution, leadership required starting 2010, but exemptions due medical indications or religious/personal beliefs were permitted. With long-term goal increasing compliance, we characterized those who exempted from since 2010. 20,861 employee records at single institution...