A5069463470- Advanced Battery Technologies Research
- Advancements in Battery Materials
- Advanced Battery Materials and Technologies
- Electron and X-Ray Spectroscopy Techniques
- Radiation Effects in Electronics
- Extraction and Separation Processes
- Fuel Cells and Related Materials
- Semiconductor materials and devices
- Advancements in Solid Oxide Fuel Cells
- Machine Learning in Materials Science
- Electrocatalysts for Energy Conversion
- Non-Destructive Testing Techniques
- Reliability and Maintenance Optimization
- Semiconductor materials and interfaces
- Electrical and Bioimpedance Tomography
- Electrochemical Analysis and Applications
- Recycling and Waste Management Techniques
- Electronic and Structural Properties of Oxides
- Advanced Electron Microscopy Techniques and Applications
- Integrated Circuits and Semiconductor Failure Analysis
- VLSI and Analog Circuit Testing
- Nuclear Physics and Applications
- Laser Material Processing Techniques
- Digital Image Processing Techniques
- Electrostatics and Colloid Interactions
National Renewable Energy Laboratory
2017-2025
University College London
2015-2022
Biochemical Society
2015-2018
London Centre for Nanotechnology
2015-2018
Skyre (United States)
2018
St. Clare Hospital in Lakewood
2018
National Physical Laboratory
2017
Transnational Press London
2017
University of Calgary
2014
Abstract Prevention and mitigation of thermal runaway presents one the greatest challenges for safe operation lithium-ion batteries. Here, we demonstrate first time application high-speed synchrotron X-ray computed tomography radiography, in conjunction with imaging, to track evolution internal structural damage behaviour during initiation propagation This diagnostic approach is applied commercial batteries (LG 18650 NMC cells), yielding insights into key degradation modes including...
Abstract Driving range and fast charge capability of electric vehicles are heavily dependent on the 3D microstructure lithium-ion batteries (LiBs) substantial fundamental research is required to optimise electrode design for specific operating conditions. Here we have developed a full microstructure-resolved model using novel X-ray nano-computed tomography (CT) dual-scan superimposition technique that captures features carbon-binder domain. This elucidates how LiB performance markedly...
Internal short circuiting device for lithium-ion batteries.
Favorable conditions for lithium plating on graphite electrodes occur at high charge rates, causing accelerated degradation and safety concerns. A detailed map of lithiation dyamics is presented.
Abstract As the energy density of lithium‐ion cells and batteries increases, controlling outcomes thermal runaway becomes more challenging. If high rate gas generation during is not adequately vented, commercial cell designs can rupture explode, presenting serious safety concerns. Here, ultra‐high‐speed synchrotron X‐ray imaging used at >20 000 frames per second to characterize venting processes six different 18650 undergoing runaway. For first time, mechanisms that lead most catastrophic...
Battery performance is strongly correlated with electrode microstructural properties. Of the relevant properties, tortuosity factor of electrolyte transport paths through microstructure pores important as it limits battery maximum charge/discharge rate, particularly for energy-dense thick electrodes. Tortuosity however, difficult to precisely measure, and thus its estimation has been debated frequently in literature. Herein, three independent approaches have applied quantify lithium-ion The...
Abstract The temporally and spatially resolved tracking of lithium intercalation electrode degradation processes are crucial for detecting understanding performance losses during the operation lithium-batteries. Here, high-throughput X-ray computed tomography has enabled identification mechanical in a commercial Li/MnO 2 primary battery indirect diffusion; furthermore, complementary neutron identified direct diffusion process wetting by electrolyte. Virtual unrolling techniques provide...
The phase separation dynamics in graphitic anodes significantly affects lithium plating propensity, which is the major degradation mechanism that impairs safety and fast charge capabilities of automotive lithium-ion batteries. In this study, we present comprehensive investigation employing operando high-resolution optical microscopy combined with non-equilibrium thermodynamics implemented a multi-dimensional (1D+1D to 3D) phase-field modeling framework reveal rate-dependent spatial graphite...
The thermal response of Li-ion cells can greatly vary for identical cell designs tested under conditions, the distribution which is costly to fully characterize experimentally. open-source Battery Failure Databank presented here contains robust, high-quality data from hundreds abuse tests spanning numerous commercial and testing conditions. Data was gathered using a fractional runaway calorimeter breakdown heat mass that ejected, as well high-speed synchrotron radiography internal dynamic...
Catastrophic failure of lithium-ion batteries occurs across multiple length scales and over very short time periods. A combination high-speed operando tomography, thermal imaging electrochemical measurements is used to probe the degradation mechanisms leading up overcharge-induced runaway a LiCoO2 pouch cell, through its interrelated dynamic structural, electrical responses. Failure are explored using post-mortem multi-scale tomography approach, revealing significant morphological phase...
This paper describes the use of a frequency domain, finite-difference scheme to simulate impedance spectra diffusion in porous microstructures. Both open and closed systems are investigated for range ideal geometries, as well some randomly generated synthetic volumes tomographically derived microstructural data. In many cases, deviate significantly from conventional Warburg-type elements typically used represent equivalent circuit analysis. A key finding is that certain microstructures show...
Mechanical abuse of lithium-ion batteries is widely used during testing to induce thermal runaway, characterize associated risks, and expose cell module vulnerabilities. However, the repeatability puncture or 'nail penetration' tests a key issue as there often high degree variability in resulting runaway process. In this work, failure mechanisms 18650 cells punctured at different locations orientations are characterized with respect their internal structural degradation, both surface...
Intentionally inducing worst-case thermal runaway scenarios in Li-ion cells on-demand is a definitive way to test the efficacy of battery systems safely mitigating consequences catastrophic failure. An internal short-circuiting (ISC) device implanted into three 18650 cell designs: one standard, with bottom vent, and thicker casing. Through an extensive study 228 cells, position at which initiates shown greatly affect tendency rupture incur side-wall breaches specific locations. The risks...
Optimizing the chemical and morphological parameters of lithium-ion (Li-ion) electrodes is extremely challenging, due in part to absence techniques construct spatial temporal descriptions heterogeneities. We present first demonstration combined high-speed X-ray diffraction (XRD) XRD computed tomography (XRD-CT) probe, 3D, crystallographic heterogeneities within Li-ion with a resolution 1 μm. The local charge-transfer mechanism between individual particles was investigated...
Abstract Electrochemical and mechanical properties of lithium‐ion battery materials are heavily dependent on their 3D microstructure characteristics. A quantitative understanding the role played by stochastic microstructures is critical for prediction material guiding synthesis processes. Furthermore, tailoring morphology also a viable way achieving optimal electrochemical performances cells. To facilitate establishment microstructure‐resolved modeling design methods, review covering...
Abstract The performance of lithium ion electrodes is hindered by unfavorable chemical heterogeneities that pre-exist or develop during operation. Time-resolved spatial descriptions are needed to understand the link between such and a cell’s performance. Here, operando high-resolution X-ray diffraction-computed tomography used spatially temporally quantify crystallographic within particles throughout both fresh degraded Li x Mn 2 O 4 electrodes. This imaging technique facilitates...
Lithium-ion batteries inevitably suffer minor damage or defects caused by external mechanical abusive loading, <italic>e.g.</italic>, penetration, deformation, and scratch without triggering a hard/major short circuit.
A barrier to the widespread adoption of electric vehicles is enabling fast charging lithium-ion batteries. At normal rates, lithium ions intercalate into graphite electrode. high lithiation inhomogeneous, and metallic can plate on particles, reducing capacity causing safety concerns. We have built a cell for conducting high-resolution in situ X-ray microtomography experiments quantify three-dimensional inhomogeneity plating. Our studies reveal an unexpected correlation between these two...