To provide updated estimates of Alzheimer disease (AD) dementia prevalence in the United States from 2010 through 2050.

Context: Current and future estimates of Alzheimer disease (AD) are essential for public health planning

Brief measurement devices can alleviate respondent burden and lower refusal rates in surveys. This article reports on a field test of two shorter forms the Center for Epidemiological Studies Depression (CES-D) symptoms index multisite survey persons 65 older. Factor analyses demonstrate that briefer tap same dimensions as does original CES-D, reliability statistics indicate they sacrifice little precision. Simple transformations are presented to how scores from be compared those original.

Clinically diagnosed Alzheimer's disease and other dementing illnesses were assessed in a geographically defined US community. Of 3623 persons (80.8% of all community residents over 65 years age) who had brief memory testing their homes, stratified sample 467 underwent neurological, neuropsychological, laboratory examination. Prevalence rates calculated for the population from undergoing clinical evaluation. those age years, an estimated 10.3% (95% confidence limits, 8.1% 12.5%) probable...

Background: Few prospective studies have assessed diabetes mellitus as a risk factor for incident Alzheimer disease (AD) and decline in cognitive function.Objective: To evaluate the association of with AD change different systems.Design: Longitudinal cohort study.Participants: For up to 9 years, 824 older (those Ͼ55 years) Catholic nuns, priests, brothers underwent detailed annual clinical evaluations.Main Outcome Measures: Clinically diagnosed global specific measures function.Results:...

Clinically diagnosed Alzheimer's disease and other dementing illnesses were assessed in a geographically defined US community. Of 3623 persons (80.8% of all community residents over 65 years age) who had brief memory testing their homes, stratified sample 467 underwent neurological, neuropsychological, laboratory examination. Prevalence rates calculated for the population from undergoing clinical evaluation. those age years, an estimated 10.3% (95% confidence limits, 8.1% 12.5%) probable...

<h3>Background</h3> Dietary n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids improve brain functioning in animal studies, but there is limited study of whether this type fat protects against Alzheimer disease. <h3>Objective</h3> To examine fish consumption and intake different types protect <h3>Design</h3> Prospective conducted from 1993 through 2000, a stratified random sample geographically defined community. Participants were followed up for an average 3.9 years the development <h3>Patients</h3> A total...

Abstract Introduction The estimate of people with clinical Alzheimer's disease (AD) and mild cognitive impairment provides an understanding the burden. Methods We estimated using a quasibinomial regression model in 10,342 participants test scores. Results 2020 US Census–adjusted prevalence AD was 11.3% (95% confidence interval [CI] = 10.7–11.9): 10.0% among non‐Hispanic Whites, 14.0% Hispanics, 18.6% Blacks. that 2020, 6.07 CI 5.75–6.38) million were living AD, which increases to 13.85...

ContextOxidative processes have been suggested as elements in the development of Alzheimer disease (AD), but whether dietary intake vitamin E and other antioxidant nutrients prevents its is unknown.ObjectiveTo examine nutrients, E, C, beta carotene associated with incident AD.Design, Setting, ParticipantsProspective study, conducted from 1993 to 2000, individuals selected a stratified random sample community-dwelling residents. The 815 residents 65 years older were free AD at baseline...

Older people frequently have signs of parkinsonism, but information about the prevalence parkinsonism and mortality among those with condition in community is limited.

To assess the role of demographic factors and chronic conditions in maintaining mobility older persons, this study utilized longitudinal data collected as part Established Populations for Epidemiologic Studies Elderly between 1981 1987 on 6,981 men women aged 65 years East Boston, Massachusetts; Iowa Washington counties, Iowa; New Haven, Connecticut. Results are presented those who at baseline reported intact mobility, defined ability to climb stairs walk a half mile without help, were...

To examine the extent to which persons with mild cognitive impairment have intermediate levels of Alzheimer disease (AD) pathology, cerebral infarcts, and Lewy body disease.A total 180 Catholic clergy participating in Religious Orders Study underwent annual detailed evaluation brain autopsy. Blocks midfrontal, superior temporal, medial temporal lobe, inferior parietal, entorhinal cortex, hippocampus, substantia nigra were paraffin embedded, sectioned at 6 mum. Cortical neuritic plaques,...

Few studies have investigated the effects of dietary fats on development Alzheimer disease. We examined associations between intake specific types fat and incident disease in a biracial community study.We performed clinical evaluations stratified random sample 815 residents aged 65 years older who were unaffected by at baseline completed food-frequency questionnaire mean 2.3 before evaluation.After follow-up 3.9 years, 131 persons developed Intakes saturated trans-unsaturated positively...

Two brief screening tests, the Short Portable Mental Status Questionnaire (SPMSQ) and East Boston Memory Test (EBMT), were included in a population questionnaire administered to 3,811 persons 65 years of age older. A detailed clinical evaluation was then 467 (drawn from high, medium low performers on EBMT) determine who cognitively impaired disorders that responsible for cognitive impairment. The results showed EBMT better at enriching poor performance group with had Alzheimer's disease...

Declines in heart disease and stroke mortality rates are conventionally attributed to reductions cigarette smoking, recognition treatment of hypertension diabetes, effective medications improve serum lipid levels reduce clot formation, general lifestyle improvements. Recent evidence implicates these other cerebrovascular factors the development a substantial proportion dementia cases. Analyses were undertaken determine whether corresponding declines age-specific prevalence incidence for...

Participation in cognitively stimulating activities is hypothesized to be associated with risk of AD, but knowledge about this association limited.A biracial community Chicago was censused, persons aged 65 years and older were asked participate an interview, 6,158 7,826 (79%) eligible did so. As part the rated current frequency participation seven cognitive (e.g., reading a newspaper) nine physical walking for exercise) from which composite measures activity derived. Four later, 1,249 those...

Selective attrition may introduce bias into analyses of the determinants cognitive decline. This is a concern especially for risk factors, such as smoking, that strongly influence mortality and dropout. Using inverse-probability-of-attrition weights, we examined selective on estimated association current smoking (vs. never smoking) with decline.Chicago Health Aging Project participants (n = 3713), aged 65-109 years, who were smokers or never- smokers, underwent assessments up to 5 times at...

<b><i>Background:</i></b> Alzheimer disease (AD) is the most common cause of dementia. The effect cerebral infarctions on likelihood dementia from AD pathology not well understood. <b><i>Methods:</i></b> study included 153 deceased Catholic clergy who participated in Religious Orders Study. Annual evaluations, including 19 tests cognitive function, were performed to determine a diagnosis and level abilities proximate death. At autopsy, neuritic diffuse plaques neurofibrillary tangles counted...

Dietary intake of fish and the omega-3 fatty acids have been associated with lower risk Alzheimer disease stroke.To examine whether intakes protect against age-related cognitive decline.Prospective cohort study.Geographically defined Chicago, Ill, community.Residents, 65 years older, who participated in Chicago Health Aging Project.Change a global score estimated from mixed models. The was computed by summing scores 4 standardized tests. In-home assessments were performed 3 times over 6...

Both elder self-neglect and abuse have become increasingly prominent public health issues. The association of either or with mortality remains unclear.To examine the relationship reported to social services agencies all-cause among a community-dwelling elderly population.Prospective, population-based cohort study (conducted from 1993 2005) residents living in geographically defined community 3 adjacent neighborhoods Chicago, Illinois, who were participating Chicago Health Aging Project...

Although cigarette smoking is the leading avoidable cause of premature death In middle age, some have claimed that no association present among older persons.

<b>Objective: </b> To examine the association of change in body mass index (BMI) with risk Alzheimer disease (AD). <b>Methods: Nine hundred eighteen older Catholic clergy participating Religious Orders Study without dementia at baseline were studied. Outcome measures clinical diagnosis AD and cognitive function. <b>Results: During a mean follow-up 5.5 years, 151 persons developed AD. BMI averaged 27.4 declined about half participants. In proportional hazards model adjusted for age, sex,...

To examine the association between rates of cognitive change and dietary consumption fruits vegetables among older persons.The authors conducted a prospective cohort study 3,718 participants, aged 65 years Chicago Health Aging Project. Participants completed food frequency questionnaire were administered at least two three assessments baseline, 3-year, 6-year follow-ups. Cognitive function was measured using average z-score four tests: East Boston Tests immediate memory delayed recall,...