A5051333800- Climate variability and models
- Atmospheric aerosols and clouds
- Atmospheric chemistry and aerosols
- Oceanographic and Atmospheric Processes
- Meteorological Phenomena and Simulations
- Marine and coastal ecosystems
- Atmospheric and Environmental Gas Dynamics
- Cryospheric studies and observations
- Polar Research and Ecology
- Atmospheric Ozone and Climate
- Machine Learning in Bioinformatics
- Ocean Acidification Effects and Responses
- Computational Drug Discovery Methods
- Global Energy and Sustainability Research
- Genomics and Phylogenetic Studies
- Bioinformatics and Genomic Networks
- Ocean Waves and Remote Sensing
- Inorganic Fluorides and Related Compounds
- Advanced Mathematical Theories
- Biomedical Text Mining and Ontologies
- Aeolian processes and effects
- Rough Sets and Fuzzy Logic
- Climate Change and Environmental Impact
- Metallurgical Processes and Thermodynamics
- Science and Climate Studies
University of Canterbury
2013-2025
European Synchrotron Radiation Facility
2005
Durham University
2005
Queen Mary University of London
1997
The Honourable Society of Lincoln's Inn
1993-1995
Abstract. Southern Ocean (SO) shortwave (SW) radiation biases are a common problem in contemporary general circulation models (GCMs), with most exhibiting tendency to absorb too much incoming SW radiation. These have been attributed deficiencies the representation of clouds during austral summer months, either due cloud cover or albedo being low. The has focus many studies, which utilised satellite datasets for model evaluation. We use multi-year ship-based observations and CERES spaceborne...
Abstract. Due to its remote location and extreme weather conditions, atmospheric in situ measurements are rare the Southern Ocean. As a result, aerosol–cloud interactions this region poorly understood remain major source of uncertainty climate models. This, turn, contributes substantially persistent biases model simulations such as well-known positive shortwave radiation bias at surface, well numerical prediction models reanalyses. It has been shown previous studies that ground-based sensing...
Abstract Global clusters are derived by applying the self‐organizing map technique to Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer cloud top pressure‐cloud optical thickness joint histograms. These then used classify Cloud Feedback Model Intercomparison Project Observation Simulator Package output from HadGEM3 (Global Atmosphere version 7) atmosphere‐only climate model. Discrepancies in 7 representation of particular can be established examining two sets cluster's occurrence rate and...
Abstract This study explores the application of self‐organizing map (SOM) methodology to cloud classification. In particular, SOM is applied joint frequency distribution top pressure and optical depth from International Satellite Cloud Climatology Project (ISCCP) D1 data set. We demonstrate that this scheme produces clusters which have geographical seasonal patterns similar those produced in previous studies using k ‐means clustering technique but potentially provides complementary...
Abstract This study is concerned with blocking events (BEs) in the Southern Hemisphere (SH), their past variability, and future projections. ERA-Interim (ERA-I) used to compare historical output from four general circulation models (GCMs) phase 5 of Coupled Model Intercomparison Project (CMIP5); representative concentration pathway 4.5 8.5 (RCP4.5 RCP8.5) projections are also examined. ERA-I shows that higher latitudes South Pacific Ocean (SPO) main region, occurring predominantly winter....
Abstract Model evaluation is difficult and generally relies on analysis that can mask compensating errors. This paper defines new metrics, using clusters generated from a machine learning algorithm, to estimate mean errors in different model runs. As test case, we investigate the Southern Ocean shortwave radiative bias derived by applying self‐organizing maps satellite data. In particular, effects of changing cloud phase parameterizations MetOffice Unified are examined. Differences cluster...
Abstract. We use the 2B-GEOPROF-LIDAR R04 (2BGL4) and R05 (2BGL5) products 2B-CLDCLASS-LIDAR (2BCL4) product, all generated by combining CloudSat radar CALIPSO lidar satellite measurements with auxiliary data, to examine vertical distribution of cloud occurrence around Ross Ice Shelf (RIS) Sea region. find that 2BGL4 used in previous studies this region, displays a discontinuity at 8.2 km which is not observable other products. This artefact appears correspond change horizontal resolution...
Abstract Classifications of cloud data into Cloud Regimes (CRs) and compositing based on meteorological parameters, Dynamic (DRs), are often used in the analysis clouds. We compare CR DR classifications to understand relative merits these approaches develop a comparison methodology for future studies. apply Self‐Organizing Map technique International Satellite Climatology Project (ISCCP) D1 joint histograms produce ERA‐Interim pressure vertical velocity output DR. The created improves...
Abstract. Southern Ocean (SO) shortwave (SW) radiation biases are a common problem in contemporary general circulation models (GCMs), with most exhibiting tendency to absorb too much incoming SW radiation. These have been attributed deficiencies the representation of clouds during austral summer months, either due cloud cover or optical thickness being low. The has focus many studies, which utilised satellite datasets for model evaluation. We use multi-year ship based observations and CERES...
Abstract. Due to its remote location and extreme weather conditions, atmospheric in situ measurements are rare the Southern Ocean. As a result, aerosol-cloud interactions this region poorly understood remain major source of uncertainty climate models. This, turn, contributes substantially persistent biases model simulations, numerical prediction models reanalyses. It has been shown previous studies that ground-based sensing across Ocean critical for complementing satellite data sets due...
ABSTRACT Recent studies have shown large increases in global significant ocean wave height since the genesis of satellite‐borne altimeter observations mid‐1980s. The island nation New Zealand ( NZ ) has many coastal communities and ecosystems which are sensitive to changes climate. In this article we document regional seas around , employing output from ECMWF (European Centre for Medium‐Range Weather Forecasts) Re‐analysis (ERA)‐Interim reanalysis. Initially, perform a comparison against...
ABSTRACT A cluster analysis‐based synoptic classification scheme, known as the Kidson types, was applied to reanalyses and Coupled Model Inter‐comparison Project phase 3 ( CMIP3 ) general circulation model GCM output over New Zealand identify potential for future changes in regional circulation. Results indicate that a number of 20th century control runs reproduce type frequencies observed reanalysis data. Application scenario periods 2046–2065 2081–2100 displays little variation annual...
Abstract. We use the 2B-GEOPROF-LIDAR R04 (2BGL4) and R05 (2BGL5) products 2B-CLDCLASSLIDAR (2BCL4) product, all generated by combining CloudSat radar CALIPSO lidar satellite measurements with auxiliary data, to examine vertical distribution of cloud occurrence around Ross Ice Shelf (RIS) Sea region. find that 2BGL4 used in previous studies this region, displays a discontinuity at 8.2 km which is not observable other products. This artefact appears correspond change horizontal resolution...
Abstract This study describes SNOW-WEB, a distributed system of atmospheric sensors, which is cost-effective and can be efficiently deployed in Antarctica. The supports traditional sensors has built-in redundancy as many units relatively small area for similar cost to one conventional weather station. Furthermore, each unit equipped with wireless mesh-networking capabilities so able share information those its direct vicinity. allows the ferrying collected manned observation station hence...
Abstract Predicting protein structure is an important problem in molecular biology, and one that has attracted much attention. It also a difficult problem, since the available data are incomplete pervaded with uncertainty. This paper describes models for prediction of intermediate level known as topology protein. The handle uncertainty explicitly, making use probability, possibility, evidence theories singly combination to different aspects problem. Additional informationNotes on...
High-pressure has been shown to be a powerful tool for the study of polymorphism in molecular systems, and effect pressure on soft organic systems is an area great current scientific interest (Boldyreva [1], Oswald et al. [2]).Most research performed at high-pressure beamline ESRF (ID30/ID27), however, confined characterization hard materials.Recent studies by Fourme [3] have successfully used ID30 probe effects biological systems.The small molecules high acts as ideal bridge between these...
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