A5050961027- Atmospheric and Environmental Gas Dynamics
- Atmospheric chemistry and aerosols
- Atmospheric Ozone and Climate
- Ocean Acidification Effects and Responses
- Marine and coastal ecosystems
- Air Quality Monitoring and Forecasting
- Microbial Community Ecology and Physiology
- Methane Hydrates and Related Phenomena
- Marine Biology and Ecology Research
- Plant responses to elevated CO2
- Oceanographic and Atmospheric Processes
- Climate Change and Geoengineering
- Soil Carbon and Nitrogen Dynamics
- Mercury impact and mitigation studies
- Polar Research and Ecology
- Scientific Computing and Data Management
- Atmospheric aerosols and clouds
- Evolutionary Game Theory and Cooperation
- Evolution and Genetic Dynamics
- Heavy metals in environment
- Global Energy and Sustainability Research
- Maritime Transport Emissions and Efficiency
- Soil and Unsaturated Flow
- Coastal and Marine Management
- Oil Spill Detection and Mitigation
Carl von Ossietzky Universität Oldenburg
2019-2024
Massachusetts Institute of Technology
2021-2022
GEOMAR Helmholtz Centre for Ocean Research Kiel
2014-2020
Technische Universität Braunschweig
2014
Abstract. For the past decade, observations of carbonyl sulfide (OCS or COS) have been investigated as a proxy for carbon uptake by plants. OCS is destroyed enzymes that interact with CO2 during photosynthesis, namely carbonic anhydrase (CA) and RuBisCO, where CA more important one. The majority sources to atmosphere are geographically separated from this large plant sink, whereas sinks co-located in ecosystems. drawdown can therefore be related without added complication emissions...
Abstract. The climate active trace-gas carbonyl sulfide (OCS) is the most abundant sulfur gas in atmosphere. A missing source its atmospheric budget currently suggested, resulting from an upward revision of vegetation sink. Tropical oceanic emissions have been proposed to close gap budget. We present a bottom-up approach including (i) new observations OCS surface waters tropical Atlantic, Pacific and Indian oceans (ii) further improved global box model show that direct are unlikely account...
Abstract. The Boknis Eck (BE) time series station, initiated in 1957, is one of the longest-operated stations worldwide. We present first statistical evaluation a data set nine physical, chemical and biological parameters period 1957–2013. In past three to five decades, all measured underwent significant long-term changes. Most striking an ongoing decline bottom water oxygen concentration, despite decrease nutrient chlorophyll concentrations. Temperature-enhanced consumption prolongation...
The vast majority of freshly produced oceanic dissolved organic carbon (DOC) is derived from marine phytoplankton, then rapidly recycled by heterotrophic microbes. A small fraction this DOC survives long enough to be routed the interior ocean, which houses largest and oldest reservoir. reactivity depends upon its intrinsic chemical composition extrinsic environmental conditions. Therefore, recalcitrance an emergent property that analytically difficult constrain. New isotopic techniques track...
Abstract. The first concerted multi-model intercomparison of halogenated very short-lived substances (VSLS) has been performed, within the framework ongoing Atmospheric Tracer Transport Model Intercomparison Project (TransCom). Eleven global models or model variants participated (nine chemical transport and two chemistry–climate models) by simulating major natural bromine VSLS, bromoform (CHBr3) dibromomethane (CH2Br2), over a 20-year period (1993–2012). Except for three simulations, all...
Abstract. Carbonyl sulphide (OCS) is the most abundant, long-lived sulphur gas in atmosphere and a major supplier of to stratospheric sulphate aerosol layer. The short-lived carbon disulphide (CS2) oxidized OCS constitutes indirect source atmospheric budget. budget not well constrained due large missing needed compensate for substantial evidence that was provided significantly higher sinks. Oceanic emissions are associated with uncertainties. Here we provide first, monthly resolved ocean...
Abstract. Carbonyl sulfide (COS), a trace gas showing striking similarity to CO2 in terms of biochemical diffusion pathway into leaves, has been recognized as promising indicator the plant gross primary production (GPP), amount carbon dioxide that is absorbed through photosynthesis by terrestrial ecosystems. However, large uncertainties about other components its atmospheric budget prevent us from directly relating COS measurements GPP. The largest uncertainty comes closure budget, with...
Abstract. For the past decade, observations of carbonyl sulfide (OCS or COS) have been investigated as a proxy for carbon uptake by plants. OCS is destroyed enzymes that interact with CO2 during photosynthesis, namely carbonic anhydrase (CA) and RuBisCO, where CA more important. The majority sources to atmosphere are geographically separated from this large plant sink, whereas sinks co-located in ecosystems. drawdown can therefore be related without added complication emissions comparable...
Abstract. A suite of oxygenated volatile organic compounds (OVOCs – acetaldehyde, acetone, propanal, butanal and butanone) were measured concurrently in the surface water atmosphere South China Sea Sulu November 2011. strong correlation was observed between all OVOC concentrations seawater along entire cruise track, except for suggesting similar sources sinks ocean. Additionally, several phytoplankton groups, such as haptophytes or pelagophytes, also correlated to OVOCs, indicating that may...
Abstract. Carbonyl sulfide (OCS) and carbon disulfide (CS2) are volatile sulfur gases that naturally formed in seawater exchanged with the atmosphere. OCS is most abundant gas atmosphere, CS2 its important precursor. They have attracted increased interest due to their direct or indirect (CS2 via oxidation OCS) contribution stratospheric sulfate aerosol layer. Furthermore, serves as a proxy constrain terrestrial CO2 uptake by vegetation. Oceanic emissions of both contribute major part...
Abstract. Carbonyl sulfide (COS) is an atmospheric trace gas of interest for C cycle research because COS uptake by continental vegetation strongly related to terrestrial gross primary productivity (GPP), the largest and most uncertain flux in CO2 budgets. However, use as additional tracer GPP, accurate quantification exchange soils also needed. At present, budget unbalanced globally, with total estimates from oxic anoxic that vary between −409 −89 GgS yr−1. This uncertainty hampers...
Abstract We present a comparison of atmospheric transport model (ATM) simulations for carbonyl sulfide (COS), within the framework tracer intercomparison project “TransCom‐COS.” Seven ATMs participated in experiment and provided COS mixing ratios over years 2010–2018, using state‐of‐the‐art surface fluxes various components budget: biospheric sink, oceanic source, sources from fire industry. The main goal TransCom‐COS is to investigate impact uncertainty emission distribution simulating...
Carbonyl sulfide (OCS), the most abundant sulfur-containing trace gas in Earth's atmosphere, plays a central role stratospheric aerosol formation and can serve as proxy for terrestrial carbon dioxide uptake. In this context, quantifying its atmospheric sources sinks is of great interest, but especially marine emissions poorly constrained. Analysis sulfur isotopic ratios (34S/32S; d34S) valuable tool to quantify relative contributions different budget OCS. However, d34S values OCS are based...
The efficiency of the ocean to store atmospheric CO2 in coming century strongly depends on stability marine carbon reservoirs. Marine dissolved organic (DOC) contains more than all living biomass Earth combined (∼660 gigatons C) and is recalcitrant against remineralisation at a decadal millennial timescale, which offers an additional pump sequester from active air-sea gas exchange with millennial-scale (microbial pump). However, fate this key reservoir changing future climate...
Abstract. Marine-produced short-lived trace gases such as dibromomethane (CH2Br2), bromoform (CHBr3), methyliodide (CH3I) and dimethyl sulfide (DMS) significantly impact tropospheric stratospheric chemistry. Describing their marine emissions in atmospheric chemistry models accurately possible is necessary to quantify on ozone depletion Earth's radiative budget. So far, of have mainly been prescribed from emission climatologies, thus lacking the interaction between actual state atmosphere...
Abstract. Oceanic emissions of the climate-relevant trace gases carbonyl sulfide (OCS) and carbon disulfide (CS2) are a major source to their atmospheric budget. Their current future emission estimates still uncertain due incomplete process understanding therefore inexact quantification across different biogeochemical regimes. Here we present first concurrent measurements both together with related fractions dissolved organic matter (DOM) pool, i.e., solid-phase extractable sulfur (DOSSPE,...
Abstract. Very short-lived substances (VSLS) contribute as source gases significantly to the tropospheric and stratospheric bromine loading. At present, an estimated 25 % of is oceanic origin. In this study, we investigate how climate change may impact ocean–atmosphere flux brominated VSLS, their atmospheric transport, chemical transformations evaluate these changes will affect ozone over 21st century. Under assumption fixed ocean water concentrations RCP6.0 scenario, find increase VSLS...
Abstract. Due to its remote location and extreme weather conditions, atmospheric in situ measurements are rare the Southern Ocean. As a result, aerosol–cloud interactions this region poorly understood remain major source of uncertainty climate models. This, turn, contributes substantially persistent biases model simulations such as well-known positive shortwave radiation bias at surface, well numerical prediction models reanalyses. It has been shown previous studies that ground-based sensing...
This comment is inspired by results of a bioassay experiment, which found different dissolved organic carbon (DOC) turnover rates depending on DOC origin (Shen and Benner 2020). Based these experiments, it was concluded that molecular properties govern microbial utilization DOC, is, the freshly produced from phytoplankton bloom inherently labile thus quickly degraded, whereas aged greater depths refractory experimental time scales, degraded more slowly. Microbial reworking substrates has...
Abstract With almost 700 Pg of carbon, marine dissolved organic carbon (DOC) stores more than all living biomass on Earth combined. However, the controls behind persistence and spatial patterns DOC concentrations basin scale remain largely unknown, precluding quantitative assessments fate this large pool in a changing climate. Net removal rates along overturning circulation suggest lifetimes millennia. These net are stark contrast to turnover times days weeks heterotrophic microorganisms,...
Abstract. Coastal areas contribute significantly to the emissions of methane (CH4) from ocean. In order decipher its temporal variability in whole water column, dissolved CH4 was measured on a monthly basis at Boknis Eck Time Series Station (BE) located Eckernförde Bay (SW Baltic Sea) 2006 2017. BE has depth about 28 m, and six depths ranging 0 25 m. general, concentrations increased with depth, indicating sedimentary release CH4. Pronounced enhancement bottom layer (15–25 m) found during...
Abstract. Nitrous oxide (N2O) is a potent greenhouse gas, and it involved in stratospheric ozone depletion. Its oceanic production mainly influenced by dissolved nutrient oxygen (O2) concentrations the water column. Here we examined seasonal annual variations N2O at Boknis Eck (BE) Time Series Station located Eckernförde Bay (southwestern Baltic Sea). Monthly measurements of started July 2005. We found pronounced pattern for with high (supersaturations) winter early spring low...