A5060102447- Atmospheric chemistry and aerosols
- Atmospheric and Environmental Gas Dynamics
- Atmospheric aerosols and clouds
- Atmospheric Ozone and Climate
- Microbial Community Ecology and Physiology
- Polar Research and Ecology
- Marine and coastal ecosystems
- Methane Hydrates and Related Phenomena
- Climate variability and models
- Oceanographic and Atmospheric Processes
- Aeolian processes and effects
- Climate change and permafrost
- Lichen and fungal ecology
- Peatlands and Wetlands Ecology
- Ocean Acidification Effects and Responses
- Gut microbiota and health
- Species Distribution and Climate Change
- Meteorological Phenomena and Simulations
- Advanced Optical Sensing Technologies
- Electrospun Nanofibers in Biomedical Applications
- Remote Sensing and LiDAR Applications
- Arctic and Antarctic ice dynamics
- Vehicle emissions and performance
- Oil Spill Detection and Mitigation
- Planetary Science and Exploration
University of Canterbury
2019-2025
Dalhousie University
2015-2022
Abstract. With low concentrations of tropospheric aerosol, the Southern Ocean offers a “natural laboratory” for studies aerosol–cloud interactions. Aerosols over are produced from biogenic activity in ocean, which generates sulfate aerosol via dimethylsulfide (DMS) oxidation, and strong winds waves that lead to bubble bursting sea spray emission. Here, we evaluate representation aerosols Hadley Centre Global Environmental Model version 3, Atmosphere 7.1 (HadGEM3-GA7.1) chemistry–climate...
Abstract. Southern Ocean (SO) shortwave (SW) radiation biases are a common problem in contemporary general circulation models (GCMs), with most exhibiting tendency to absorb too much incoming SW radiation. These have been attributed deficiencies the representation of clouds during austral summer months, either due cloud cover or albedo being low. The has focus many studies, which utilised satellite datasets for model evaluation. We use multi-year ship-based observations and CERES spaceborne...
The dispersion of microorganisms through the atmosphere is a continual and essential process that underpins biogeography ecosystem development function. Despite ubiquity atmospheric globally, specific knowledge determinants microbial diversity at any given location remains unresolved. Here we describe bacterial in boundary layer underlying soil twelve globally distributed locations encompassing all major biomes, characterise contribution local distant soils to observed community. Across...
Abstract. Wetlands are the largest global natural methane (CH4) source, and emissions between 50 70° N latitude contribute 10–30 % to this source. Predictive capability of land models for northern wetland CH4 is still low due limited site measurements, strong spatial temporal variability in emissions, complex hydrological biogeochemical dynamics. To explore issue, we compare emission predictions from Community Land Model 4.5 (CLM4.5-BGC) with site- regional-scale observations. A comparison...
Abstract Modeling the shortwave radiation balance over Southern Ocean region remains a challenge for Earth system models. To investigate whether this is related to representation of aerosol‐cloud interactions, we compared measurements total number concentration sea spray‐generated particles within model predictions thereof. Measurements were conducted from container laboratory aboard R/V Tangaroa throughout an austral summer voyage Ross Sea. We used source‐receptor modeling calculate...
Abstract. Due to its remote location and extreme weather conditions, atmospheric in situ measurements are rare the Southern Ocean. As a result, aerosol–cloud interactions this region poorly understood remain major source of uncertainty climate models. This, turn, contributes substantially persistent biases model simulations such as well-known positive shortwave radiation bias at surface, well numerical prediction models reanalyses. It has been shown previous studies that ground-based sensing...
Abstract. Methane (CH4) is the second most important greenhouse gas but its emissions from northern regions are still poorly constrained. In this study, we analyze a subset of in situ CH4 aircraft observations made over Alaska during growing seasons 2012–2014 as part Carbon Arctic Reservoirs Vulnerability Experiment (CARVE). Net surface fluxes estimated using Lagrangian particle dispersion model which quantitatively links and western Yukon with enhanced mixed layer. We estimate that between...
Abstract. Southern Ocean (SO) shortwave (SW) radiation biases are a common problem in contemporary general circulation models (GCMs), with most exhibiting tendency to absorb too much incoming SW radiation. These have been attributed deficiencies the representation of clouds during austral summer months, either due cloud cover or optical thickness being low. The has focus many studies, which utilised satellite datasets for model evaluation. We use multi-year ship based observations and CERES...
Abstract. Due to its remote location and extreme weather conditions, atmospheric in situ measurements are rare the Southern Ocean. As a result, aerosol-cloud interactions this region poorly understood remain major source of uncertainty climate models. This, turn, contributes substantially persistent biases model simulations, numerical prediction models reanalyses. It has been shown previous studies that ground-based sensing across Ocean critical for complementing satellite data sets due...
Modeling the shortwave radiation balance over Southern Ocean region remains a challenge for Earth system models. To investigate whether this is related to representation of aerosol-cloud interactions, we compared measurements total number concentration sea spray generated particles within model predictions thereof. Measurements were conducted from container laboratory aboard R/V Tangaroa throughout an austral summer voyage Ross Sea. We used source-receptor modeling calculate sensitivity our...
The coronavirus (SARS-CoV-2) has prompted a global need and shortage of face masks respirators. Electrospinning polystyrene cellulose nanocrystals (CNCs) is used to fabricate filter materials exceeding N95 standards set by the National Institute for Occupational Health Safety. desired filtration efficiency pressure drop are achieved from filters with varying amounts input material. water contact angle, fiber morphology, surface potential reported explain enhancements in performance after...
Abstract Atmospheric transport is critical to dispersal of microorganisms between habitats, and this underpins resilience in terrestrial marine ecosystems globally. A key unresolved question whether assemble form a taxonomically distinct, geographically variable, functionally adapted atmospheric microbiota. This made more complex by the unique challenges separating potential contaminants from signal, particularly given ultra-low biomass air long durations sampling where contamination may...
Abstract. With low concentrations of tropospheric aerosol, the Southern Ocean offers a natural laboratory for studies aerosol-cloud interactions. Aerosols over are produced from biogenic activity in ocean, which generates sulfate aerosol via dimethylsulfide (DMS) oxidation, and strong winds waves that lead to bubble bursting sea-spray emission. Here we evaluate representation aerosols HadGEM3-GA7.1 chemistry-climate model. Compared with optical depth (AOD) observations two satellite...
Abstract Atmospheric transport is critical to dispersal of microorganisms between habitats and this underpins resilience in terrestrial marine ecosystems globally. A key unresolved question whether assemble form a taxonomically distinct, geographically variable, functionally adapted atmospheric microbiome. Here we characterised globalscale patterns microbial taxonomic functional diversity air within above the boundary layer underlying soils. Bacterial fungal assemblages were structured...
Abstract. Wetlands are the single largest global natural methane (CH4) source, and emissions between 50°N 70°N latitude contribute 10–30 % to this source. Predictive capability of northern wetland CH4 is still low due limited site measurements, strong spatial temporal variability in emissions, complex hydrological biogeochemical dynamics. To explore issue, we compare emission predictions from Community Land Model 4.5 (CLM4.5-BGC) with regional scale observations. A comparison fluxes eddy...
Abstract Atmospheric transport is critical to dispersal of microorganisms between habitats and this underpins resilience in terrestrial marine ecosystems globally 1,2 . Conventional dogma that a neutral process involving ubiquitous distribution air has been challenged by recent advances 3–5 However, the lack standardized methods analytical frameworks have impeded synthesis global perspective. A key unresolved question whether assemble form taxonomically distinct, geographically variable...
Abstract Atmospheric transport is critical to dispersal of microorganisms between habitats and this underpins resilience in terrestrial marine ecosystems globally. A key unresolved question whether assemble form a taxonomically distinct, geographically variable, functionally adapted atmospheric microbiota. Here we characterised inter-continental patterns microbial taxonomic functional diversity air within above the boundary layer underlying soils for 596 globally sourced samples. Bacterial...
While sea spray particles are highly soluble by nature, and thus excellent seeds for nascent cloud droplets, organic compounds such as surfactants have previously been identified within aerosol particles, bulk seawater, the sea-surface microlayer in various oceans seas. As presence of dissolved may limit their ability to act condensation nuclei (CCN), since abundance CCN available during formation is known affect albedo, marine environment can local radiation balance. In this work, we added...
We demonstrate that the relationship between abundance of particulate surface area observed at sea-level and measurements backscattered light by a ceilometer can be used to classify mixing state atmospheric layer beneath lowest cloud, where is defined Spearman Rank correlation. The accuracy this correlation-based method was compared two methods detecting boundary decoupling based on radiosonde measurements. An optimized version new methodology correctly determined below-cloud for 76 ± 4%...