A5065271002- Oceanographic and Atmospheric Processes
- Ocean Waves and Remote Sensing
- Soil Moisture and Remote Sensing
- Arctic and Antarctic ice dynamics
- Tropical and Extratropical Cyclones Research
- Underwater Acoustics Research
- Climate variability and models
- Coastal and Marine Dynamics
- Geophysics and Gravity Measurements
- Precipitation Measurement and Analysis
- Marine and coastal ecosystems
- Marine and fisheries research
- Climate change and permafrost
- Synthetic Aperture Radar (SAR) Applications and Techniques
- Scientific Research and Discoveries
- Ocean Acidification Effects and Responses
- Methane Hydrates and Related Phenomena
- Meteorological Phenomena and Simulations
- Coral and Marine Ecosystems Studies
- Cryospheric studies and observations
- Geology and Paleoclimatology Research
- Water Quality Monitoring Technologies
- Spacecraft and Cryogenic Technologies
- Spacecraft Design and Technology
- Geochemistry and Geologic Mapping
Ifremer
2015-2024
Université de Bretagne Occidentale
2016-2024
Laboratory for Ocean Physics and Satellite Remote Sensing
2016-2024
Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique
2016-2024
Institut de Recherche pour le Développement
2016-2024
Institut Universitaire Européen de la Mer
2016-2024
Laboratoire d’Études en Géophysique et Océanographie Spatiales
2007-2023
Institut Français
2008-2023
Universität Hamburg
2021
Laboratoire d'Océanographie et du Climat : Expérimentations et Approches Numériques
2021
It is now well understood that data on soil moisture and sea surface salinity (SSS) are required to improve meteorological climate predictions. These two quantities not yet available globally or with adequate temporal spatial sampling. recognized a spaceborne L-band radiometer suitable antenna the most promising way of fulfilling this gap. With these scientific objectives technical solution at heart proposed mission concept European Space Agency (ESA) selected Soil Moisture Ocean Salinity...
The aerodynamic friction between air and sea is an important part of the momentum balance in development tropical cyclones. Measurements drag coefficient, relating tangential stress (frictional drag) wind water to speed density, have yielded reliable information speeds less than 20 m/s (about 39 knots). In these moderate conditions it generally accepted that coefficient (or equivalently, “aerodynamic roughness”) increases with speed. Can one merely extrapolate this tendency describe...
Soil Moisture and Ocean Salinity, European Space Agency, is the first satellite mission addressing challenge of measuring sea surface salinity from space. It uses an L-band microwave interferometric radiometer with aperture synthesis (MIRAS) that generates brightness temperature images, which both geophysical variables are computed. The retrieval requires very demanding performances instrument in terms calibration stability. This paper highlights importance ocean for Earth's water cycle...
The European Space Agency's Soil Moisture and Ocean Salinity (SMOS) mission was launched on the 2nd of November 2009. first six months after launch, so-called commissioning phase, were dedicated to test functionalities spacecraft, instrument, ground segment including data processors. This phase successfully completed in May 2010, SMOS has since been routine operations providing products science community for over a year. performance instrument within specifications. A parallel processing...
Operated since the end of 2009, European Space Agency (ESA) Soil Moisture and Ocean Salinity (SMOS) satellite mission is first orbiting radiometer that collects regular global observations from space two Essential Climate Variables Global Observing System: Sea Surface (SSS) Moisture. The National Aeronautics Administration (NASA) Aquarius mission, with primary objective to provide SSS measurements operated mid-2011 mid-2015. NASA's Active-Passive (SMAP) primarily dedicated soil moisture...
Advances in L-band microwave satellite radiometry the past decade, pioneered by ESA's SMOS and NASA's Aquarius SMAP missions, have demonstrated an unprecedented capability to observe global sea surface salinity (SSS) from space. Measurements these missions are only means probe very-near (top cm), providing a unique monitoring for interfacial exchanges of water between atmosphere upper-ocean, delivering wealth information on various processes ocean, linkages with cycle climate, constraints...
Abstract Remote sensing of salinity using satellite-mounted microwave radiometers provides new perspectives for studying ocean dynamics and the global hydrological cycle. Calibration validation these measurements is challenging because satellite in situ methods measure differently. Microwave top few centimeters ocean, whereas most observations are reported below a depth meters. Additionally, satellites as spatial average over an area about 100 × km2. In contrast, sensors provide pointwise at...
The L-band interferometric radiometer onboard the Soil Moisture and Ocean Salinity mission will measure polarized brightness temperatures (Tb). measurements are affected by strong radiometric noise. However, during a satellite overpass, numerous acquired at various incidence angles same location on Earth's surface. sea surface salinity (SSS) retrieval algorithm implemented in Level 2 Prototype Processor (L2SPP) is based an iterative inversion method that minimizes differences between Tb...
The Soil Moisture and Ocean Salinity (SMOS) mission currently provides multiangular L‐band (1.4 GHz) brightness temperature images of the Earth. Because upwelling radiation at 1.4 GHz is significantly less affected by rain atmospheric effects than higher microwave frequencies, these new SMOS measurements offer unique opportunities to complement existing ocean satellite high wind observations that are often contaminated heavy clouds. To illustrate this capability, we present data over...
At its seasonal peak the Amazon/Orinoco plume covers a region of 10 6 km 2 in western tropical Atlantic with more than 1 m extra freshwater, creating near‐surface barrier layer (BL) that inhibits mixing and warms sea surface temperature (SST) to >29°C. Here new salinity (SSS) observations from Aquarius/SACD SMOS satellites help elucidate ocean response hurricane Katia, which crossed early fall, 2011. Its passage left 1.5 psu high haline wake covering >10 5 (in impact on density,...
We validate Soil Moisture and Ocean Salinity (SMOS) sea surface salinity (SSS) retrieved during August 2010 from the European Space Agency SMOS processing. Biases appear close to land ice between ascending descending orbits; they are linked image reconstruction issues instrument calibration remain under study. SSS in conditions where these biases be small. compare ARGO over four regions far using only orbits. Four modelings of impact wind on emissivity have been tested. Results suggest that...
The paper gives an overview of the development satellite oceanography over past five years focusing on most relevant issues for operational oceanography. Satellites provide key essential variables to constrain ocean models and/or serve downstream applications. New and improved data sets have been developed directly quality products. status constellation last was, however, not optimal. Review future missions shows clear progress new research with a potentially large impact should be...
Strengths and weakness of remotely sensed winds are discussed, along with the current capabilities for sensing stress. Future missions briefly mentioned. The observational needs a wide range wind stress applications provided. These strongly support short list desired future constellations.
Abstract Sea Surface Salinity (SSS) is an increasingly used Essential Ocean and Climate Variable. The Soil Moisture (SMOS), Aquarius, Active Passive (SMAP) satellite missions all provide SSS measurements, with very different instrumental features leading to specific measurement characteristics. Change Initiative project (CCI + SSS) aims produce a Data Record (CDR) that addresses well‐established user needs based on those measurements. To generate homogeneous CDR, differences are carefully...
Abstract This review paper reports on the state-of-the-art concerning observations of surface winds, waves, and currents from space their use for scientific research subsequent applications. The development sea state parameters dates back to 1970s, with a significant increase in number diversity missions since 1990s. Sensors used monitor sea-state are mainly based microwave techniques. They either specifically designed or abilities provide opportunistic measurements complementary primary...
Soil Moisture and Ocean Salinity (SMOS), launched on 2 November 2009, is the first satellite mission addressing sea surface salinity (SSS) measurement from space. Its unique payload Microwave Imaging Radiometer using Aperture Synthesis (MIRAS), a new two-dimensional interferometer designed by European Space Agency (ESA) operating at L-band frequency. This article presents summary of SSS retrieval SMOS observations shows initial results obtained one year after launch. These are encouraging,...
The freshest surface waters in the tropical Pacific are found at its eastern boundary. Using situ observations, we depict quasi‐permanent presence of a far fresh pool with sea salinity (SSS) lower than 33, which is confined between Panama's west coast and 85°W December extends westward to 95°W April. Strong SSS fronts outer edge this pool. We investigate seasonal dynamics using complementary satellite wind, rain, level oceanic current data surface, along hydrographic profiles. appears off...
The temporal evolution and spatial distribution of surface salinity colored detrital matter (cdm) were evaluated within adjacent to the Amazon River Plume. Study objectives as follows: first, document coherence between discharge, salinity, cdm, nature salinity‐cdm relationship; second, variability cdm along trajectory low‐salinity Plume, third, explore departure from conservative mixing behavior plume into open ocean. Time series (2003–2007) estimated using Advanced Microwave Scanning...
Multi-angular images of the brightness temperature ( <i xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">T</i> <sub xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">B</sub> ) Earth at 1.4 GHz are reconstructed from Soil Moisture and Ocean Salinity (SMOS) satellite sensor data since end 2009. Sea surface salinity (SSS) products remote sensing space is being attempted using these over world oceans. The quality first version European Space Agency operational...
CORRESPONDING AUTHOR: Jennifer Hanafin, Laboratoire d'Océanographie Spatiale, IFREMER Centre de Brest, BP 70 Plouzane 29280, France, E-mail: jenny.hanafin@ifremer.fr
The L-band passive microwave data from the Soil Moisture Active Passive (SMAP) observatory are investigated for remote sensing of ocean surface winds during severe storms. Joaquin derived real-time analysis Center Advanced Data Assimilation and Predictability Techniques at Penn State support linear extrapolation Aquarius SMAP geophysical model functions (GMFs) to hurricane force winds. We apply GMFs retrieval wind vectors radiometer take advantage SMAP's two-look geometry. compared with...