A5053706554- Oceanographic and Atmospheric Processes
- Climate variability and models
- Meteorological Phenomena and Simulations
- Arctic and Antarctic ice dynamics
- Marine and coastal ecosystems
- Tropical and Extratropical Cyclones Research
- Geophysics and Gravity Measurements
- Atmospheric and Environmental Gas Dynamics
- Ocean Waves and Remote Sensing
- Geology and Paleoclimatology Research
- Marine and fisheries research
- Methane Hydrates and Related Phenomena
- Reservoir Engineering and Simulation Methods
- Cryospheric studies and observations
- Marine and environmental studies
- Flood Risk Assessment and Management
- Urological Disorders and Treatments
- Climate change and permafrost
- Hydrology and Watershed Management Studies
- Complex Systems and Time Series Analysis
- Autoimmune Bullous Skin Diseases
- Coastal and Marine Dynamics
- Coastal and Marine Management
- Ovarian cancer diagnosis and treatment
- Breast Lesions and Carcinomas
University of Maryland, College Park
2015-2025
NOAA Oceanic and Atmospheric Research
1994-2024
NOAA National Centers for Environmental Information
2023
Imperial College Healthcare NHS Trust
2023
Chelsea and Westminster Hospital
2022
University of Maryland, Baltimore County
2012-2013
The Wellington Hospital
2011
Earth System Science Interdisciplinary Center
2007
Texas A&M University at Qatar
2006
Universität Hamburg
2006
Abstract The Community Climate System Model version 3 (CCSM3) has recently been developed and released to the climate community. CCSM3 is a coupled model with components representing atmosphere, ocean, sea ice, land surface connected by flux coupler. designed produce realistic simulations over wide range of spatial resolutions, enabling inexpensive lasting several millennia or detailed studies continental-scale dynamics, variability, change. This paper will show results from configuration...
Abstract This paper describes the Simple Ocean Data Assimilation (SODA) reanalysis of ocean climate variability. In assimilation, a model forecast produced by an general circulation with average resolution 0.25° × 0.4° 40 levels is continuously corrected contemporaneous observations corrections estimated every 10 days. The basic reanalysis, SODA 1.4.2, spans 44-yr period from 1958 to 2001, which complements span 40-yr European Centre for Medium-Range Weather Forecasts (ECMWF) atmospheric...
The authors describe a 46-year global retrospective analysis of upper-ocean temperature, salinity, and currents. is an application the Simple Ocean Data Assimilation (SODA) package. SODA uses ocean model based on Geophysical Fluid Dynamics Laboratory MOM2 physics. Assimilated data includes temperature salinity profiles from World Atlas-94 (MBT, XBT, CTD, station data), as well additional hydrography, sea surface altimeter level. After reviewing basic methodology present experiments to...
This paper describes version 3 of the Simple Ocean Data Assimilation (SODA3) ocean reanalysis with enhancements to model resolution, observation, and forcing datasets, addition active sea ice. SODA3 relies on component NOAA/Geophysical Fluid Dynamics Laboratory CM2.5 coupled nominal ¼° resolution. A scheme has also been implemented reduce bias in surface fluxes. 37-yr-long reanalysis, SODA3.4.2, created using this new system is compared previous generation SODA (SODA2.2.4) as well Hadley...
Representation, representativity, representativeness error, forward interpolation model observation‐operator aggregation error and sampling are all terms used to refer components of observation in the context data assimilation. This article is an attempt consolidate terminology that has been earth sciences literature was suggested at a European Space Agency workshop held Reading April 2014. We review state art and, through examples, motivate terminology. In addition theoretical framework,...
The physical effects of hurricanes include deepening the mixed layer and decreasing sea surface temperature in response to entrainment, curl‐induced upwelling, increased upper ocean cooling. However, biological remain relatively unexplored. In this paper, we examine passages 13 through Sargasso Sea region North Atlantic during years 1998 2001. Remotely sensed color shows concentrations chlorophyll within cool wakes hurricanes, apparently injection nutrients and/or biogenic pigments into...
Decadal predictions have a high profile in the climate science community and beyond, yet very little is known about their skill. Nor there any agreed protocol for estimating This paper proposes sound coordinated framework verification of decadal hindcast experiments. The illustrated hindcasts tailored to meet requirements specifications CMIP5 (Coupled Model Intercomparison Project phase 5). chosen metrics address key questions information content initialized hindcasts. These are: (1) Do...
Global and regional ocean sea ice reanalysis products (ORAs) are increasingly used in polar research, but their quality remains to be systematically assessed. To address this, the Polar ORA Intercomparison Project (Polar ORA-IP) has been established following on from ORA-IP project. Several aspects of ten selected ORAs Arctic Antarctic were addressed by concentrating comparing mean states terms snow, ice, transports hydrography. Most diagnostics carried out for first time such an extensive...
The mechanisms regulating interannual and decadal variations of sea surface temperature (SST) in the tropical Atlantic are examined. Observed typically range 0.3°–0.5°C linked to fluctuations rainfall on both African South American continents. authors use a numerical model simulate observed time series for period 1960–1989. Based results, experiments conducted determine relative importance heat flux momentum forcing. Two dominant timescales variability SST identified: timescale that is...
The authors explore the accuracy of a comprehensive 46-year retrospective analysis upper-ocean temperature, salinity, and currents. Simple Ocean Data Assimilation (SODA) is global, spanning latitude range 62°S–62°N. SODA has been constructed using optimal interpolation data assimilation combining numerical model forecasts with temperature salinity profiles (MBT, XBT, CTD, station), sea surface altimeter level. To determine analysis, present series comparisons to independent observations at...
A new reanalysis of the global ocean circulation is used to distinguish between steric and eustatic components sea level rise. Recent altimeter observations indicate an increase in rate rise during past decade 3.2 mm/yr, well above centennial estimate 1.5–2 mm/yr. This apparent could have resulted from enhanced melting continental ice or decadal changes thermosteric halosteric effects. The contribution effects explored using eddy‐permitting Simple Ocean Data Assimilation version 1.2...
Abstract The tropical oceans have long been recognized as the most important region for large-scale ocean–atmosphere interactions, giving rise to coupled climate variations on several time scales. During Tropical Ocean Global Atmosphere (TOGA) decade, focus of much ocean research was understanding El Niño–related processes and development models capable simulating predicting Niño. These studies led an appreciation vital role plays in providing memory Niño thus making seasonal prediction...
Sea surface temperature in the eastern equatorial Atlantic Ocean undergoes anomalous warming events of 1°–2°C every few years. The warm anomalies reach their maximum strength Northern Hemisphere summer, when upwelling normally brings cold thermocline water to surface. By compositing observations from a 28-year record, we are able identify consistent features SST and winds. composites show that northern summer confined region, with reduced zonal winds west northward trade east. Accompanying...
A search for coupled modes of atmosphere–ocean interaction in the tropical Atlantic sector is presented. Previous studies have provided conflicting indications existence this region. The subject revisited through a rotated principal component analysis performed on datasets spanning 36-yr period 1958–93. includes four variables, sea surface temperature, oceanic heat content, wind stress, and atmospheric diabatic heating. authors find that first associated with fluctuations subtropical system...
Given that over the course of next 10–30 years magnitude natural decadal variations may rival anthropogenically forced climate change on regional scales, it is envisioned initialized predictions will provide important information for climate-related management and adaptation decisions. Such are presently one grand challenges community. This requires identifying those physical phenomena—and their model equivalents—that additional predictability time including an assessment processes through...
At its seasonal peak the Amazon/Orinoco plume covers a region of 10 6 km 2 in western tropical Atlantic with more than 1 m extra freshwater, creating near‐surface barrier layer (BL) that inhibits mixing and warms sea surface temperature (SST) to >29°C. Here new salinity (SSS) observations from Aquarius/SACD SMOS satellites help elucidate ocean response hurricane Katia, which crossed early fall, 2011. Its passage left 1.5 psu high haline wake covering >10 5 (in impact on density,...
Abstract Satellite-tracked drifting buoys of the Global Drifter Program have drogues, centered at 15-m depth, to minimize direct wind forcing and Stokes drift. Drogue presence has historically been determined from submergence or tether strain records. However, recent studies revealed that a significant fraction drifters believed be drogued actually lost their problem peaked in mid-2000s before majority global array switched sensors. In this study, methodology is applied data automatically...
Abstract The Global Modeling and Assimilation Office (GMAO) has recently released a new version of the Goddard Earth Observing System (GEOS) Subseasonal to Seasonal prediction (S2S) system, GEOS‐S2S‐2, that represents substantial improvement in performance infrastructure over previous system. system is described here detail, results are presented from forecasts, climate equillibrium simulations, data assimilation experiments. or state atmosphere ocean showed reduction bias relative...
Abstract Seasonal forecasting with a coupled model requires accurate initial conditions for the ocean. A hybrid data assimilation has been implemented within National Centers Environmental Prediction (NCEP) Global Ocean Data Assimilation System (GODAS) as future replacement of operational three-dimensional variational (3DVar) method. This Hybrid-GODAS provides improved representation uncertainties by using combination dynamic and static background error covariances, an ensemble forced...
Abstract We examine the oceanic impact of large tropical volcanic eruptions as they appear in ensembles historical simulations from eight Coupled Model Intercomparison Project Phase 5 models. These models show a response that includes lowering global average sea surface temperature by 0.1–0.3 K, comparable to observations. They enhancement Arctic ice cover years following major eruptions, with long‐lived anomalies extending middepth and deep ocean on decadal centennial timescales. Regional...
Abstract Observations taken over the last few decades indicate that dramatic changes are occurring in Arctic‐Boreal Zone (ABZ), which having significant impacts on ABZ inhabitants, infrastructure, flora and fauna, economies. While suitable for detecting overall change, current capability is inadequate systematic monitoring improving process‐based large‐scale understanding of integrated components ABZ, includes cryosphere, biosphere, hydrosphere, atmosphere. Such knowledge will lead to...
This paper addresses the atmospheric and oceanic causes of seasonal cycle sea surface temperature (SST) in tropical Atlantic on basis direct observations. Data sets include up to 4 years (September 1997 February 2002) measurements from moored buoys Pilot Research Array Tropical (PIRATA), near‐surface drifting buoys, a blended satellite situ SST product. We analyze mixed layer heat balance at eight PIRATA mooring locations find that cycles latent loss absorbed shortwave radiation are...
Failure to consider anomalous propagation of microwave radiation in the troposphere may result erroneous meteorological radar measurements. The most commonly occurring phenomenon over ocean is evaporation duct. height this duct dependent on atmospheric variables and a major input prediction models. This determined from an model using bulk Two current models widespread operational use are examined. We propose test new that addresses deficiencies these two uses recently refined similarity...